Augmented and Virtual Reality in Surgery

Desselle, Mathilde R.; Brown, Ross; James, Allan; Midwinter, Mark; Powell, Sean K.; Woodruff, Maria A.

doi:10.1109/mcse.2020.2972822

Cited by 72 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Given the busy workload of surgeons and the urgent nature of patient care, being able to evaluate and customize a surgery for a patient in less than 20 minutes seems advantageous for the current surgical workflow. The study results mirror other recent studies for other surgical procedures demonstrating that VR is feasible and potentially useful but that satisfaction is limited by the technical limitations of the devices and the experience of disorientation [ 38 - 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Virtual Reality Cardiac Surgical Planning Software (CorFix) for Designing Patient-Specific Vascular Grafts: Development and Pilot Usability Study

Kim¹,

Nguyen²,

Loke³

et al. 2022

JMIR Cardio

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Background Patients with single ventricle heart defects receive 3 stages of operations culminating in the Fontan procedure. During the Fontan procedure, a vascular graft is sutured between the inferior vena cava and pulmonary artery to divert deoxygenated blood flow to the lungs via passive flow. Customizing the graft configuration can maximize the long-term benefits. However, planning patient-specific procedures has several challenges, including the ability for physicians to customize grafts and evaluate their hemodynamic performance. Objective The aim of this study was to develop a virtual reality (VR) Fontan graft modeling and evaluation software for physicians. A user study was performed to achieve 2 additional goals: (1) to evaluate the software when used by medical doctors and engineers, and (2) to explore the impact of viewing hemodynamic simulation results in numerical and graphical formats. Methods A total of 5 medical professionals including 4 physicians (1 fourth-year resident, 1 third-year cardiac fellow, 1 pediatric intensivist, and 1 pediatric cardiac surgeon) and 1 biomedical engineer voluntarily participated in the study. The study was pre-scripted to minimize the variability of the interactions between the experimenter and the participants. All participants were trained to use the VR gear and our software, CorFix. Each participant designed 1 bifurcated and 1 tube-shaped Fontan graft for a single patient. A hemodynamic performance evaluation was then completed, allowing the participants to further modify their tube-shaped design. The design time and hemodynamic performance for each graft design were recorded. At the end of the study, all participants were provided surveys to evaluate the usability and learnability of the software and rate the intensity of VR sickness. Results The average times for creating 1 bifurcated and 1 tube-shaped graft after a single 10-minute training session were 13.40 and 5.49 minutes, respectively, with 3 out 5 bifurcated and 1 out of 5 tube-shaped graft designs being in the benchmark range of hepatic flow distribution. Reviewing hemodynamic performance results and modifying the tube-shaped design took an average time of 2.92 minutes. Participants who modified their tube-shaped graft designs were able to improve the nonphysiologic wall shear stress (WSS) percentage by 7.02%. All tube-shaped graft designs improved the WSS percentage compared to the native surgical case of the patient. None of the designs met the benchmark indexed power loss. Conclusions VR graft design software can quickly be taught to physicians with no engineering background or VR experience. Improving the CorFix system could improve performance of the users in customizing and optimizing grafts for patients. With graphical visualization, physicians were able to improve WSS percentage of a tube-shaped graft, lowering the chance of thrombosis. Bifurcated graft designs showed potential strength in better flow split to the lungs, reducing the risk for pulmonary arteriovenous malformations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Virtual Reality Cardiac Surgical Planning Software (CorFix) for Designing Patient-Specific Vascular Grafts: Development and Pilot Usability Study

Kim¹,

Nguyen²,

Loke³

et al. 2022

JMIR Cardio

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“…Many authors report proof of concept experience in the surgical room with commercially available devices [8][9][10][11][12][13][14], underlining the enthusiasm of the surgical world in exploring the potentialities of AR HMDs but also appraising the limitation of using a device not engineered for the surgical tasks: (1) perceptual issues related to the rendering appropriate focus cues [15][16][17], (2) the absence of a framework specifically dedicated to the medical applications [18], (3) the need for a design that takes into consideration the surgeon posture to avoid neck overload [19,20] and the need of maintaining the sterility of his hands, and (4) the need for a millimetric virtual to real registration accuracy in many interventions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Architecture of a Hybrid Video/Optical See-through Head-Mounted Display-Based Augmented Reality Surgical Navigation Platform

et al. 2022

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In the context of image-guided surgery, augmented reality (AR) represents a ground-breaking enticing improvement, mostly when paired with wearability in the case of open surgery. Commercially available AR head-mounted displays (HMDs), designed for general purposes, are increasingly used outside their indications to develop surgical guidance applications with the ambition to demonstrate the potential of AR in surgery. The applications proposed in the literature underline the hunger for AR-guidance in the surgical room together with the limitations that hinder commercial HMDs from being the answer to such a need. The medical domain demands specifically developed devices that address, together with ergonomics, the achievement of surgical accuracy objectives and compliance with medical device regulations. In the framework of an EU Horizon2020 project, a hybrid video and optical see-through augmented reality headset paired with a software architecture, both specifically designed to be seamlessly integrated into the surgical workflow, has been developed. In this paper, the overall architecture of the system is described. The developed AR HMD surgical navigation platform was positively tested on seven patients to aid the surgeon while performing Le Fort 1 osteotomy in cranio-maxillofacial surgery, demonstrating the value of the hybrid approach and the safety and usability of the navigation platform.

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“…AR and VR provide powerful and more interactive methods for exploring and interacting with medical data so that a natural and interactive environment can be provided to the doctors and patients virtually along with better realtime experience. It provides a simulated 3D digital experience to the user in a realistic way in the form of a lightweight stereoscopic head-mounted display, for providing the ehealthcare practitioner a seamless environment for interacting with the patient remotely [32]. The medical surgeon is assisted by the AR glasses at the time of various medical procedures by providing important pieces of information about the disease along with the surgical procedure.…”

Section: Augmented Reality (Ar) and Virtual Reality (Vr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seamless Health Monitoring Using 5G NR for Internet of Medical Things

Mishra

Vikash

Varma

2021

Wireless Pers Commun

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Nowadays, information and communication technology grows rapidly. The microelectronics and communication mediums also enhance their reachability of coverage and connectivity. 5G enhances the capacity of the network in terms of lowest communication latency, highest speed, enhanced throughput, minimum E2E delay, and minimizing the packet loss. In this paper, we discuss the working principle and key features of 5G communication technology along with the limitations of existing technologies. Further, we provide the taxonomy of the 5G network. Moreover, we provide a comparison of 5G and 4G LTE in terms of data privacy and security aspects. Further, we propose a four-layer architecture for ehealthcare system, which uses 5G NR (New Radio) architecture incorporating the control plane and user plane. We perform the simulation over the frequency range1 and frequency range2 and calculated the throughput and latency for distinct values of OFDM numerologies. Further, we provide a comparative analysis for 4G and 5G and deduce that 5G facilitates 10 times lower latency than 4G, and 5G can accommodate a much higher number of devices than 4G. In this work, we discuss providing better healthcare facilities electronically using 5G NR. Moreover, the data sharing and diagnosing the disease become faster and easier by using 5G NR.

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Augmented and Virtual Reality in Surgery

Cited by 72 publications

References 15 publications

Virtual Reality Cardiac Surgical Planning Software (CorFix) for Designing Patient-Specific Vascular Grafts: Development and Pilot Usability Study

Virtual Reality Cardiac Surgical Planning Software (CorFix) for Designing Patient-Specific Vascular Grafts: Development and Pilot Usability Study

Architecture of a Hybrid Video/Optical See-through Head-Mounted Display-Based Augmented Reality Surgical Navigation Platform

Seamless Health Monitoring Using 5G NR for Internet of Medical Things

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