Augmented Whole-Body Scanning via Magnifying PET

Jiang, Jianyong; Samanta, Suranjana; Li, Ké; Siegel, Stefan; Mintzer, Robert A.; Cho, Sang‐Hee; Conti, Maurizio; Schmand, M.; O’Sullivan, Joseph A.; Tai, Yu‐Chong

doi:10.1109/tmi.2019.2962623

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…5b. Furthermore, the horizontal profiles for positions [1,2,3], [4,5,6] and [7,8,9] are shown in Fig. 5c, 5d and 5e respectively.…”

Section: B Probe Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such probes would improve spatial resolution without compromising the scanner sensitivity. The use of a PET probe has been studied in several research groups with a view to improving the spatial resolution: theoretical studies based on Monte Carlo simulations [5], hardware studies using silicon detectors for the PET probe [6] and hardware studies using PsPMT for the PET probe [7]. Furthermore, there are studies of small PET modules with scintillation crystals and SiPM that could be used in PET probes [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New probe for the improvement of the Spatial Resolution in total-body PET (PROScRiPT)

et al. 2021

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In recent decades, PET scanners have been widely used for diagnosis and treatment monitoring in nuclear medicine. The continuous effort of the scientific community has led to improvements in scanner performance. Total-body PET is one of the latest upgrades in PET scanners. These kinds of scanners are able to scan the whole body of the patient with a single bed position, since the scanner tube is long enough for the patient to fit inside. While these scanners show unprecedented efficiency and extended field-of-view, a drawback is their low spatial resolution compared to dedicated scanners. In order to improve the spatial resolution of specific areas when measuring with a total-body PET scanner, the IRIS group at IFIC-Valencia is developing a probe. The proposed setup of the probe contains a monolithic scintillation crystal and a SiPM. The signal of the probe is read out by a TOFPET2 ASIC from PETsys, which has shown good performance for PET in terms of spatial and time resolutions. Furthermore, the PETsys technology generates a trigger signal that will be used to time synchronise the probe and the scanner. The proof-of-concept of the probe will be tested in a Preclinical Super Argus PET/CT scanner for small animals located at IFIC. Preliminary simulations of the scanner and the probe under ideal conditions show a slight improvement in the position reconstruction compared to the data obtained with the scanner, therefore we expect a considerable improvement when using the probe in a total-body PET scanner. Characterisation tests of the probe have been performed with a 22Na point-like source, obtaining an energy resolution of 9.09% for the 511 keV energy peak and a temporal resolution of 619 ps after time walk correction. The next step of the project is to test the probe measuring in temporal coincidence with the scanner.

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“…5b. Furthermore, the horizontal profiles for positions [1,2,3], [4,5,6] and [7,8,9] are shown in Fig. 5c, 5d and 5e respectively.…”

Section: B Probe Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New probe for the improvement of the Spatial Resolution in total-body PET (PROScRiPT)

et al. 2021

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“…Furthermore, heterogeneous detector groups can add value to PET systems, 7 for example, by locally improving the spatial resolution of the PET image with dedicated detector modules. [8][9][10][11][12][13] The HD-MetaPET project takes this idea a step further and aims to incorporate locally flexible high-resolution detectors into a long axial field-of -view (LAFOV) PET/MRI-scanner. 14 A comprehensive review 3 illustrates the evolution of preclinical PET systems and their detectors, leading up to the current state-of -the-art with a specific aim of achieving high spatial resolution (SR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High‐resolution positron emission tomography (PET) plays a crucial role in preclinical research 1–4 and for organ‐dedicated applications 5,6 by enabling the analysis of physiological processes in small structures. Furthermore, heterogeneous detector groups can add value to PET systems, 7 for example, by locally improving the spatial resolution of the PET image with dedicated detector modules 8–13 . The HD‐MetaPET project takes this idea a step further and aims to incorporate locally flexible high‐resolution detectors into a long axial field‐of‐view (LAFOV) PET/MRI‐ scanner 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A finely segmented semi‐monolithic detector tailored for high‐resolution PET

Kuhl,

Mueller,

Naunheim

et al. 2024

Medical Physics

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BackgroundPreclinical research and organ‐dedicated applications use and require high (spatial‐)resolution positron emission tomography (PET) detectors to visualize small structures (early) and understand biological processes at a finer level of detail. Researchers seeking to improve detector and image spatial resolution have explored various detector designs. Current commercial high‐resolution systems often employ finely pixelated or monolithic scintillators, each with its limitations.PurposeWe present a semi‐monolithic detector, tailored for high‐resolution PET applications with a spatial resolution in the range of 1 mm or better, merging concepts of monolithic and pixelated crystals. The detector features LYSO slabs measuring (24 × 10 × 1) mm3, coupled to a 12 × 12 readout channel photosensor with 4 mm pitch. The slabs are grouped in two arrays of 44 slabs each to achieve a higher optical photon density despite the fine segmentation.MethodsWe employ a fan beam collimator for fast calibration to train machine‐learning‐based positioning models for all three dimensions, including slab identification and depth‐of‐interaction (DOI), utilizing gradient tree boosting (GTB). The data for all dimensions was acquired in less than 2 h. Energy calculation was based on a position‐dependent energy calibration. Using an analytical timing calibration, time skews were corrected for coincidence timing resolution (CTR) estimation.ResultsLeveraging machine‐learning‐based calibration in all three dimensions, we achieved high detector spatial resolution: down to 1.18 mm full width at half maximum (FWHM) detector spatial resolution and 0.75 mm mean absolute error (MAE) in the planar‐monolithic direction, and 2.14 mm FWHM and 1.03 mm MAE for DOI at an energy window of (435–585) keV. Correct slab interaction identification in planar‐segmented direction exceeded 80%, alongside an energy resolution of 12.7% and a CTR of 450 ps FWHM.ConclusionsThe introduced finely segmented, high‐resolution slab detector demonstrates appealing performance characteristics suitable for high‐resolution PET applications. The current benchtop‐based detector calibration routine allows these detectors to be used in PET systems.

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“…Commercially available TOF-PET systems with high coincidence timing resolution (CTR), where the most recent developments reach down to ∼200 ps, have enabled high-quality PET imaging, and diagnostic PET imaging with limited angle detector coverage is an active area of research [26]. Encouraged by these developments, this work explores the implementation of TOF-PET for intraoperative imaging as a strong alternative to intraoperative gamma probes, positron probes, 3D gamma cameras [28], and preoperative dedicated PET scanners [29,30]. Here, we lay down our recent proof of concept work for intraoperative TOF-PET with simulations and pilot experimental data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limited-angle TOF-PET for intraoperative surgical applications: proof of concept and first experimental data

et al. 2022

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The intraoperative gamma probe (IPG) based on single gamma-ray detection remains the current gold standard modality for sentinel lymph node identification and tumor removal in cancer patients. However, IPGs do not meet the <5% false negative rate (FNR) requirement, a key metric suggested by the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). We aim to reduce FNR by using time of flight (TOF) PET detector technology in limited angle geometry system by using only two detector panels in coincidence. For proof of concept, we used two Hamamatsu TOF PET detector modules (C13500-4075YC-12) featuring 12× 12 arrays of 4.14× 4.14× 20 mm3 LFS crystal pixels with 4.2 mm pitch and coupled one-one to silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) pixels. The measured detector coincidence timing resolution (CTR) was 271 ps FWHM for the whole detector. We 3D printed lesion phantom containing spheres 2–10 mm in diameter, representing lymph nodes, and placed it inside a 10-liter warm background water phantom. Experimental results showed that with subminute data acquisition, 6 mm diameter spheres could be identified in the image when a lesion phantom with a 10:1 activity ratio to background was used. The simulation results were in good agreement with the experimental data by resolving 6 mm diameter spherical lesions with a 60 second acquisition time in a 25 cm deep background water phantom with a 10:1 activity ratio. As expected, the image quality improved as the CTR improved in the simulation and with decreasing background water phantom depth or increasing lesion-to-background activity ratio in the experiment. With the results presented here, we concluded that using a limited angle TOF PET detector system is a major step forward for intraoperative applications in that lesion detectability is beyond what conventional gamma- and NIR-based probes could achieve.

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Augmented Whole-Body Scanning via Magnifying PET

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

New probe for the improvement of the Spatial Resolution in total-body PET (PROScRiPT)

New probe for the improvement of the Spatial Resolution in total-body PET (PROScRiPT)

A finely segmented semi‐monolithic detector tailored for high‐resolution PET

Limited-angle TOF-PET for intraoperative surgical applications: proof of concept and first experimental data

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