Austronesian Migration and the Establishment of the Malagasy Civilization: Contrasted Readings in Linguistics, Archaeology, Genetics and Cultural Anthropology

Allibert, Claude

doi:10.1177/0392192108090734

Cited by 30 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Historical records suggest that 14–16 centuries ago, Austronesians and Arabs were trading along the oceanic route connecting Southeast Asia to southern coastal east Africa [27] . This route spanned both Pacific and Indian Ocean coconut subpopulations and therefore could have served as an avenue of introgression of Pacific coconuts into the Indian Ocean.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Independent Origins of Cultivated Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) in the Old World Tropics

2011

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As a portable source of food, water, fuel, and construction materials, the coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) played a fundamental role in human migrations and the development of civilization across the humid tropics. Here we investigated the coconut's domestication history and its population genetic structure as it relates to human dispersal patterns. A sample of 1,322 coconut accessions, representing the geographical and phenotypic diversity of the species, was examined using ten microsatellite loci. Bayesian analyses reveal two highly genetically differentiated subpopulations that correspond to the Pacific and Indo-Atlantic oceanic basins. This pattern suggests independent origins of coconut cultivation in these two world regions, with persistent population structure on a global scale despite long-term human cultivation and dispersal. Pacific coconuts show additional genetic substructure corresponding to phenotypic and geographical subgroups; moreover, the traits that are most clearly associated with selection under human cultivation (dwarf habit, self-pollination, and “niu vai” fruit morphology) arose only in the Pacific. Coconuts that show evidence of genetic admixture between the Pacific and Indo-Atlantic groups occur primarily in the southwestern Indian Ocean. This pattern is consistent with human introductions of Pacific coconuts along the ancient Austronesian trade route connecting Madagascar to Southeast Asia. Admixture in coastal east Africa may also reflect later historic Arab trading along the Indian Ocean coastline. We propose two geographical origins of coconut cultivation: island Southeast Asia and southern margins of the Indian subcontinent.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Independent Origins of Cultivated Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) in the Old World Tropics

2011

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“…1989) have suggested that rice in Madagascar may exhibit population substructuring corresponding to the large‐scale genetic differentiation between indica varieties and tropical japonica varieties. The introduction of distinct O. sativa landraces corresponds to the separate movement of Malay/Indonesian archipelago and Indian subcontinent peoples to Madagascar, both of whom introduced agriculture to the island (Dewar & Wright 1993; Allibert 2008; Regueiro et al. 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration, isolation and hybridization in island crop populations: the case of Madagascar rice

et al. 2010

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Understanding how crop species spread and are introduced to new areas provides insights into the nature of species range expansions. The domesticated species Oryza sativa or Asian rice is one of the key domesticated crop species in the world. The island of Madagascar off the coast of East Africa was one of the last major Old World areas of introduction of rice after the domestication of this crop species and before extensive historical global trade in this crop. Asian rice was introduced in Madagascar from India, the Malay Peninsula and Indonesia approximately 800-1400 years ago. Studies of domestication traits characteristic of the two independently domesticated Asian rice subspecies, indica and tropical japonica, suggest two major waves of migrations into Madagascar. A population genetic analysis of rice in Madagascar using sequence data from 53 gene fragments provided insights into the dynamics of island founder events during the expansion of a crop species' geographic range and introduction to novel agro-ecological environments. We observed a significant decrease in genetic diversity in rice from Madagascar when compared to those in Asia, likely the result of a bottleneck on the island. We also found a high frequency of a unique indica type in Madagascar that shows clear population differentiation from most of the sampled Asian landraces, as well as differential exchange of alleles between Asia and Madagascar populations of the tropical japonica subspecies. Finally, despite partial reproductive isolation between japonica and indica, there was evidence of indica/japonica recombination resulting from their hybridization on the island.

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“…The Zafindravoay clan of the Antandroy in southern Madagascar believe themselves to be descendants of a sexual union between a crocodile and an Antandroy woman, while Flacourt [10] recounts the story that the Malagasy princess Zafiramini gave birth to a crocodile. This, according to Claude Allibert, [24] is a clear indication of the belief, derived from Austronesia, that the ancestors live on in animal, notably crocodile, form. There are a number of fady (taboos) associated with the crocodile.…”

Section: Endocannibalismmentioning

confidence: 94%

Eating the dead in Madagascar

Campbell

2013

S Afr Med J

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Austronesian Migration and the Establishment of the Malagasy Civilization: Contrasted Readings in Linguistics, Archaeology, Genetics and Cultural Anthropology

Cited by 30 publications

References 4 publications

Independent Origins of Cultivated Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) in the Old World Tropics

Independent Origins of Cultivated Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) in the Old World Tropics

Migration, isolation and hybridization in island crop populations: the case of Madagascar rice

Eating the dead in Madagascar

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