Authentication of MAV communication using Caesar Cipher cryptography

Rajatha, B.S.; Ananda, CM; Nagaraj, Srinivasan

doi:10.1109/icstm.2015.7225390

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Subsequently, an encryption mechanism RC5 is used in [19] to secure the MAVLink communication protocol. In [20], [21], the Caesar cipher cryptography algorithm is used for data encryption of MAVLink messages between the ground station and the Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAV). However, in this method, the secret key is sent as a plain text to the drone, during the establishment phase.…”

Section: A: Confidentiality Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…i) SYMMETRIC KEY SOLUTIONS: A symmetric encryption algorithm AES-GCM is used in [18], [28] to ensure the authenticity of the transmitted signals. In [20], [21], the authors tackled the problem of authentication using the Caesar Cipher method in the MAVLink protocol. To guarantee a secured communication between the UAV and the GCS, the drone is authenticated at the beginning of the communication using Cesar Ciphering.…”

Section: D: Authenticity Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micro Air Vehicle Link (MAVlink) in a Nutshell: A Survey

et al. 2019

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The micro air vehicle link (MAVLink in short) is a communication protocol for unmanned systems (e.g., drones and robots). It specifies a comprehensive set of messages exchanged between unmanned systems and ground stations. This protocol is used in major autopilot systems, mainly ArduPilot and PX4, and provides powerful features not only for monitoring and controlling unmanned systems missions but also for their integration into the Internet. However, there is no technical survey and/or tutorial in the literature that presents these features or explains how to make use of them. Most of the references are online tutorials and basic technical reports, and none of them presents comprehensive and systematic coverage of the protocol. In this paper, we address this gap, and we propose an overview of the MAVLink protocol, the difference between its versions, and it is potential in enabling Internet connectivity to unmanned systems. We also discuss the security aspects of the MAVLink. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first technical survey and tutorial on the MAVLink protocol, which represents an important reference for unmanned systems users and developers. INDEX TERMS MAVLink, ArduPilot, PX4, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), Ground Control Stations (GCSs).

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Section: A: Confidentiality Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: D: Authenticity Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro Air Vehicle Link (MAVlink) in a Nutshell: A Survey

et al. 2019

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“…Ensuring security has become increasingly necessary and important for the wide adoption of UAV systems. The existing security methods proposed for UAV systems can be classified into hardware [17], [18] and software approaches [13], [15], [19].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

MAVSec: Securing the MAVLink Protocol for Ardupilot/PX4 Unmanned Aerial Systems

Allouch

Cheikhrouhou

Koubâa

et al. 2019

2019 15th International Wireless Communications &Amp; Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC)

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The MAVLink is a lightweight communication protocol between Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and ground control stations (GCSs). It defines a set of bi-directional messages exchanged between a UAV (aka drone) and a ground station. The messages carry out information about the UAV's states and control commands sent from the ground station. However, the MAVLink protocol is not secure and has several vulnerabilities to different attacks that result in critical threats and safety concerns. Very few studies provided solutions to this problem. In this paper, we discuss the security vulnerabilities of the MAVLink protocol and propose MAVSec, a security-integrated mechanism for MAVLink that leverages the use of encryption algorithms to ensure the protection of exchanged MAVLink messages between UAVs and GCSs. To validate MAVSec, we implemented it in Ardupilot and evaluated the performance of different encryption algorithms (i.e. AES-CBC, AES-CTR, RC4 and ChaCha20) in terms of memory usage and CPU consumption. The experimental results show that ChaCha20 has a better performance and is more efficient than other encryption algorithms. Integrating ChaCha20 into MAVLink can guarantee its messages confidentiality, without affecting its performance, while occupying less memory and CPU consumption, thus, preserving memory and saving the battery for the resource-constrained drone.

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“…Rajatha et al [9] research focused on the authentication of Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAV) communication using Caesar cipher cryptography. The authors proposed a methodology for data encryption and authentication of MAV protocol messages between the ground station and the MAV using the Caesar cipher; this was achieved using a shift operator to rotate the character positions by a fixed number, referred to as a key.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel block cipher design paradigm for secured communication

Sparrow

Adekunle

Berry

et al. 2016

2016 Annual IEEE Systems Conference (SysCon)

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Abstract-Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are commonly used to conduct tasks (e.g. monitor and surveillance) in various civilian applications from a remote location. Wireless communications (i.e. radio frequency) are often used to remotely pilot the UAV and stream data back to the operator. The characteristics of the wireless communication channel allows attackers to monitor and manipulate the operation of the UAV through passive and active attacks. Cryptography is selected as a countermeasure to mitigate these threats; however, a drawback of using cryptography is the impact on the real-time operation and performance of the UAV. This paper proposes the Permutation Substitution Network (PSN) design paradigm with an instance presented which is the Alternative Advanced Encryption Standard (AAES) and analysis of its performance against the standardised Substitution Permutation Network (SPN) design paradigm the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). Results indicate that using the PSN paradigm is a feasible approach in comparison to the SPN design paradigm.

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Authentication of MAV communication using Caesar Cipher cryptography

Cited by 19 publications

References 6 publications

Micro Air Vehicle Link (MAVlink) in a Nutshell: A Survey

Micro Air Vehicle Link (MAVlink) in a Nutshell: A Survey

MAVSec: Securing the MAVLink Protocol for Ardupilot/PX4 Unmanned Aerial Systems

A novel block cipher design paradigm for secured communication

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