Author Correction: The repertoire of mutational signatures in human cancer

López‐Bigas, Núria; Aaltonen, Lauri A.; Abascal, Federico; Abeshouse, Adam; Aburatani, Hiroyuki; Adams, David J.; Agrawal, Nishant; Ahn, Keun Soo; Ahn, Sung‐Min; Aikata, Hiroshi; Akbani, Rehan; Akdemir, Kadir C.; Al‐Ahmadie, Hikmat; Al‐Sedairy, Sultan T.; Al‐Shahrour, Fátima; Alawi, Malik; Albert, Monique; Aldape, Kenneth; Alexandrov, Ludmil B.; Ally, Adrian; Alsop, Kathryn; Alvarez, Eva G.; Amary, Fernanda; Amin, Samir B.; Aminou, Brice; Ammerpohl, Ole; Anderson, Matthew; Ang, Yeng; Antonello, Davide; Anur, Pavana; Aparicio, Samuel; Appelbaum, Elizabeth L.; Arai, Yasuhito; Aretz, Axel; Arihiro, Koji; Ariizumi, Shun‐ichi; Armenia, Joshua; Arnould́, Laurent; Sylvia, L.; Assenov, Yassen; Atwal, Gurnit; Aukema, Sietse M.; Auman, J. Todd; Aure, Miriam Ragle; Awadalla, Philip; Aymerich, Marta; Bader, Gary D.; Baez‐Ortega, Adrian; Bailey, Matthew H.; Bailey, Peter J.; Balasundaram, Miruna; Balu, Saianand; Bandopadhayay, Pratiti; Banks, Rosamonde E.; Barbi, Stefano; Barbour, Andrew P.; Barenboim, Jonathan; Barnholtz‐Sloan, Jill S.; Barr, Hugh; Barrera, Elisabet; Bartlett, John G.; Bartolomé, Javier; Bassi, Claudio; Bathe, Oliver F.; Baumhoer, Daniel; Bavi, Prashant; Baylin, Stephen B.; Bażant, Wojciech; Beardsmore, Duncan; Beck, Timothy A.; Behjati, Sam; Behren, Andreas; Niu, Beifang; Bell, Cindy; Beltrán, Sergi; Benz, Christopher C.; Berchuck, Andrew; Bergmann, Anke; Bergstrom, Erik N.; Berman, Benjamin P.; Berney, Daniel M.; Bernhart, Stephan H.; Beroukhim, Rameen; Berríos, Mario; Bersani, Samantha; Bertl, Johanna; Betancourt, Miguel; Bhandari, Vinayak; Bhosle, Shriram G.; Biankin, Andrew V.; Bieg, Matthias; Bigner, Darell D.; Binder, Hans; Birney, Ewan; Birrer, Michael J.; Biswas, Nidhan K.; Bjerkehagen, Bodil; Bodenheimer, Tom; Boice, Lori; Bonizzato, Giada; Bono, Johann S. de; Boot, Arnoud; Bootwalla, Moiz S.; Borg, Åke; Borkhardt, Arndt; Boroevich, Keith A.; Borozan, Ivan; Borst, Christoph W.; Bosenberg, Marcus W.; Bosio, Mattia; Boultwood, Jacqueline; Bourque, Guillaume; Boutros, Paul C.; Bova, G. Steven; Bowen, David; Bowlby, Reanne; Bowtell, David D.L.; Boyault, Sandrine; Boyce, Rich; Boyd, Jeffrey M.; Brāzma, Alvis; Brennan, Paul; Brewer, Daniel; Brinkman, Arie B.; Bristow, Robert G.; Broaddus, Russell R.; Brock, Jane E.; Brock, Malcolm V.; Broeks, Annegien; Brooks, Angela N.; Brooks, Denise; Brors, Benedikt; Brunak, Søren; Bruxner, Timothy J. C.; Bruzos, Alicia L.; Buchanan, Alex; Buchhalter, Ivo; Buchholz, Christiane; Bullman, Susan; Burke, Hazel; Burkhardt, Birgit; Burns, Kathleen H.; Busanovich, John; Bustamante, Carlos D.; Butler, Adam; Butte, Atul J.; Byrne, Niall J.; Børresen‐Dale, Anne‐Lise; Caesar-Johnson, Samantha J.; Cafferkey, Andy; Cahill, Declan; Calabrese, Claudia; Caldas, Carlos; Calvo, Fabien; Camacho, Niedzica; Campbell, Peter J.; Campo, Elı́as; Cantù, Cinzia; Cao, Shaolong; Carey, Thomas E.; Carlevaro-Fita, Joana; Carlsen, Rebecca; Cataldo, Ivana; Cazzola, Mario; Cebon, Jonathan; Cerfolio, Robert J.; Chadwick, Dianne; Chakravarty, Dimple; Chalmers, Don; Chan, Calvin Wing Yiu; Chan, Kin; Chan-Seng-Yue, Michelle; Chandan, Vishal S.; Chang, David K.; Chanock, Stephen J.; Chantrill, Lorraine A.; Chateigner, Aurélien; Chatterjee, Nilanjan; Chayama, Kazuaki; Chen, Hsiao-Wei; Chen, Jieming; Chen, Ken; Chen, Yiwen; Chen, Zhaohong; Cherniack, Andrew D.; Chien, Jeremy; Chiew, Yoke-Eng; Chin, Suet-Feung; Cho, Juok; Cho, Sunghoon; Choi, Jung Kyoon; Choi, Wan; Chomienne, Christine; Chong, Zechen; Choo, Su Pin; Chou, Angela; Christ, Angelika N.; Christie, Elizabeth L.; Chuah, Eric; Cibulskis, Carrie; Cibulskis, Kristian; Cingarlini, Sara; Clapham, Peter; Claviez, Alexander; Cleary, Sean P.; Cloonan, Nicole; Cmero, Marek; Collins, Colin C.; Connor, Ashton A.; Cooke, Susanna L.; Cooper, Colin S.; Cope, Leslie; Corbo, Vincenzo; Cordes, Matthew G.; Cordner, Stephen; Cortés-Ciriano, Isidro; Covington, Kyle R.; Cowin, Prue A.; Craft, Brian; Craft, David V.; Creighton, Chad J.; Cun, Yupeng; Curley, Erin; Cutcutache, Ioana; Czajka, Karolina; Czerniak, Bogdan; Dagg, Rebecca A.; Danilova, Ludmila; Davì, Maria Vittoria; Davidson, Natalie R.; Davies, Helen; Davis, Ian J.; Davis‐Dusenbery, Brandi N.; Dawson, Kevin J.; Vega, Francisco; Paoli-Iseppi, Ricardo De; DeFreitas, Timothy; Tos, Angelo Paolo Dei; Delaneau, Olivier; Demchok, John A.; Demeulemeester, Jonas; Demidov, German; Demircioğlu, Deniz; Dennis, Nening M.; Denroche, Robert E.; Dentro, Stefan C.; Desai, Nikita; Deshpande, Vikram; Deshwar, Amit G.; Desmedt, Christine; Deu-Pons, Jordi; Dhalla, Noreen; Dhani, Neesha C.; Dhingra, Priyanka; Dhir, Rajiv; DiBiase, Anthony; Diamanti, Klev; Li, Ding; Ding, Shuai; Dinh, Huy Q.; Dirix, Luc; Doddapaneni, HarshaVardhan; Donmez, Nilgun; Dow, Michelle; Drapkin, Ronny; Drechsel, Oliver; Drews, Ruben M.; Serge, Serge; Dudderidge, Tim; Dueso-Barroso, Ana; Dunford, Andrew; Dünn, Michael J.; Dursi, Lewis Jonathan; Duthie, Fraser; Dutton‐Regester, Ken; Eagles, Jenna; Easton, Douglas F.; Edmonds, Stuart; Edwards, Paul; Edwards, Sandra E.; Eeles, Rosalind A.; Ehinger, Anna; Eils, Juergen; Eils, Roland; El‐Naggar, Adel K.; Eldridge, Matthew; Ellrott, Kyle; Erkek, Serap; Escaramís, Geòrgia; Espiritu, Shadrielle M. G.; Estivill, Xavier; Etemadmoghadam, Dariush; Eyfjord, Jorunn E.; Faltas, Bishoy; Fan, Daiming; Yang, Fan; Faquin, William C.; Farcas, Claudiu; Fassan, Matteo; Fatima, Aquila; Favero, Francesco; Fayzullaev, Nodirjon; Felau, Ina; Fereday, Sián; Ferguson, Martin L.; Ferretti, Vincent; Feuerbach, Lars; Field, Matthew A.; Fink, J. Lynn; Finocchiaro, Gaetano; Fisher, Cyril; Fittall, Matthew; Fitzgerald, Anna; Fitzgerald, Rebecca; Flanagan, Adrienne M.; Fleshner, Neil; Flicek, Paul; Foekens, John A.; Fong, Kwun M.; Fonseca, Nuno A.; Foster, Christopher S.; Fox, Natalie S.; Fraser, Michael; Frazer, Scott; Frenkel‐Morgenstern, Milana; Friedman, William A.; Frigola, Joan; Fronick, Catrina C.; Fujimoto, Akihiro; Fujita, Masashi; Fukayama, Masashi; Fulton, Lucinda A.; Fulton, Robert S.; Furuta, Mayuko; Futreal, P. Andrew; Füllgrabe, Anja; Gabriel, Stacey; Gallinger, Steven; Gambacorti‐Passerini, Carlo; Gao, Jianjiong; Gao, Shengjie; Garraway, Levi A.; Garred, Øystein; Garrison, Erik; Garsed, Dale W.; Gehlenborg, Nils; Gelpi, Josep L. L.; George, Joshy; Gerhard, Daniela S.; Gerhäuser, Clarissa; Gershenwald, Jeffrey E.; Gerstein, Mark; Gerstung, Moritz; Getz, Gad; Ghori, Mohammed; Ghossein, Ronald; Giama, Nasra H.; Gibbs, Richard A.; Gibson, Bob; Gill, Anthony J.; Gill, Paul; Giri, Dilip; Glodzik, Dominik; Gnanapragasam, Vincent; Goebler, Maria Elisabeth; Goldman, Mary; Gómez, Carmen Elena; González, Santiago F.; González-Pérez, Abel; Gordenin, Dmitry A.; Gossage, James; Gotoh, Kunihito; Govindan, Ramaswamy; Grabau, Dorthe; Graham, Janet; Grant, Robert C.; Green, Anthony; Green, Eric; Greger, Liliana; Grehan, Nicola; Grimaldi, Sonia; Grimmond, Sean M.; Grossman, Robert L.; Grundhoff, Adam; Gundem, Gunes; Guo, Qianyun; Gupta, Manaswi; Gupta, Shailja; Gut, Ivo; Gut, Marta; Göke, Jonathan; Ha, Gavin; Haake, Andrea; Haan, David; Haas, Siegfried; Haase, Kerstin; Haber, James E.; Habermann, Nina; Hach, Faraz; Haider, Syed; Hama, Natsuko; Hamdy, Freddie C.; Hamilton, Anne; Hamilton, Mark P.; Han, Lei; Hanna, George B.; Hansmann, Martin Leo; Haradhvala, Nicholas J.; Harismendy, Olivier; Harliwong, Ivon; Harmanci, Arif; Harrington, Eoghan; Hasegawa, Takanori; Haussler, David; Hawkins, Steve; Hayami, Shinya; Hayashi, Shuto; Hayes, D. Neil; Hayes, Stephen; Hayward, Nicholas K.; Hazell, Steven; He, Ya‐Ling; Heath, Allison P.; Heath, Simon; Hedley, David; Hegde, Apurva M.; Heiman, David I.; Heinold, Michael C.; Heins, Zachary J.; Heisler, Lawrence E.; Hellstrom-Lindberg, Eva; Helmy, Mohamed; Heo, S. G.; Hepperla, Austin J.; Heredia-Genestar, José María; Herrmann, Carl; Hersey, Peter; Hess, Julian M.; Hilmarsdóttir, Hólmfríður; Hinton, Jonathan; Hirano, Satoshi; Hiraoka, Nobuyoshi; Hoadley, Katherine A.; Hobolth, Asger; Hodzic, Ermin; Hoell, Jessica I.; Hoffmann, Steve; Hofmann, Oliver; Holbrook, Andrea; Holik, Aliaksei Z.; Hollingsworth, Michael A.; Holmes, Oliver Wendell; Holt, Robert A.; Chen, Hong; Hong, Eun Pyo; Hong, Jongwhi H.; Hooijer, Gerrit K.J.; Hornshøj, Henrik; Hosoda, Fumie; Hou, Yayi; Hovestadt, Volker; Howat, William J.; Hoyle, Alan P.; Hruban, Ralph H.; Hu, Jianhong; Hu, Taobo; Hua, Xin; Huang, Kuan-lin; Huang, Mei; Mi, Huang; Huang, Vincent; Huang, Yi; Huber, Wolfgang; Hudson, Thomas J.; Hummel, Michael; Hung, Jillian; Huntsman, David G.; Hupp, Ted R.; Huse, Jason T.; Huska, Matthew R.; Hutter, Barbara; Hutter, Carolyn M.; Hübschmann, Daniel; Iacobuzio‐Donahue, Christine A.; Imbusch, Charles D.; Imieliński, Marcin; Imoto, Seiya; Isaacs, William B.; Isaev, Keren; Ishikawa, Shumpei; Iskar, Murat; Islam, S. M. Ashiqul; Ittmann, Michael; Ivkovic, Sinisa; Izarzugaza, Jose M. G.; Jacquemier, Jocelyne; Jakrot, Valerie; Jamieson, Nigel B.; Jang, Gun Ho; Jang, Se Jin; Jayaseelan, Joy C.; Jayasinghe, Reyka G.; Stuart, Joshua M.; Jegalian, Karine; Jennings, Jennifer L.; Jeon, Seung-Hyup; Jerman, Lara; Yuan, Jian; Jiao, Wei; Johansson, Peter; Johns, Amber; Johns, Jeremy; Johnson, Rory; Johnson, Todd A.; Jolly, Clemency; Joly, Yann; Jónasson, Jón Gunnlaugur; Jones, Corbin D.; Jones, David R.; Jones, David T.; Jones, Nic; Jones, Steven J.M.; Jonkers, Jos; Ju, Young Seok; Juhl, Hartmut; Jung, Jongsun; Juul, Malene; Juul, Randi Istrup; Juul, Sissel; Jäger, Natalie; Kabbe, Rolf; Kahles, André; Kahraman, Abdullah; Kaiser, Vera B.; Kakavand, Hojabr; Kalimuthu, Sangeetha; Kalle, Christof von; Kang, Koo Jeong; Karászi, Katalin; Karlan, Beth Y.; Karlić, Rosa; Karsch, Dennis; Kasaian, Katayoon; Kassahn, Karin S.; Katai, Hitoshi; Kato, Mamoru; Katoh, Hiroto; Kawakami, Yoshiiku; Kay, Jonathan; Kazakoff, Stephen H.; Kazanov, Marat D.; Keays, Maria; Kebebew, Electron; Kellis, M; Kench, James G.; Kennedy, Catherine J.; Kerssemakers, Jules N. A.; Khoo, David; Khoo, Vincent; Khuntikeo, Narong; Khurana, Ekta; Kilpinen, Helena; Kim, Hark Kyun; Kim, Hyung-Lae; Kim, Hyung-Yong; Kim, Hyunghwan; Kim, Jaegil; Kim, Jihoon; Kim, Jong K.; Kim, Youngwook; King, Tari A.; Klapper, Wolfram; Kleinheinz, Kortine; Klimczak, Leszek J.; Knappskog, Stian; Kneba, Michael; Knoppers, Bartha Maria; Koh, Youngil; Komorowski, Jan; Komura, Daisuke; Komura, Mitsuhiro; Kong, Gu; Kool, Marcel; Korbel, Jan O.; Korchina, Viktoriya; Korshunov, Andrey; Koscher, Michael; Koster, Roelof; Kóte-Jarai, Zsofia; Koures, Antonios; Kovačević, Milena; Kremeyer, Bárbara; Kretzmer, Helene; Kreuz, Markus; Krishnamurthy, Savitri; Kube, Dieter; Kumar, K. Vasanth; Kumar, Pardeep; Kumar, Sushant; Kumar, Yogesh; Kundra, Ritika; Kübler, Kirsten; Küppers, Ralf; Lagergren, Jesper; Lai, Phillip H.; Laird, Peter W.; Lakhani, Sunil R.; Lalansingh, Christopher M.; Lalonde, Emilie; Lamaze, Fabien C.; Lambert, Adam; Lander, Eric S.; Landgraf, Pablo; Landoni, Luca; Langerød, Anita; Lanzós, Andrés; Larsimont, Denis; Larsson, Erik G.; Lathrop, Mark; Lau, Loretta; Lawerenz, Chris; Lawlor, Rita T.; Lawrence, Michael S.; Lazar, Alexander J.; Lazic, Ana Mijalkovic; Le, Xuan; Lee, Darlene; Lee, Dong‐Hoon; Lee, Eunjung Alice; Lee, Hee Jin; Lee, Jake June-Koo; Lee, Jeong-Yeon; Lee, Ju Hee; Lee, Ming Ta Michael; Lee-Six, Henry; Lehmann, Kjong-Van; Lehrach, Hans; Lenze, Dido; Leonard, Conrad; Leongamornlert, Daniel; Leshchiner, Ignaty; Létourneau, Louis; Letunić, Ivica; Levine, Douglas A.; Lewis, Lora; Ley, Tim; Li, Chang; Li, Constance H.; Li, Haiyan Irene; Li, Jun; Li, Lin; Li, Shantao; Li, Siliang; Li, Xiaobo; Li, Xiaotong; Li, Xinyue; Li, Yilong; Liu, Han; Liang, Sheng‐Ben; Lichter, Peter; Lin, Pei; Lin, Ziao; Linehan, W. M.; Lingjærde, Ole Christian; Liu, Dongbing; Liu, Eric Minwei; Liu, Fei-Fei Fei; Liu, Fenglin; Liu, Jia; Liu, Xingmin; Livingstone, Julie; Livitz, Dimitri; Livni, Naomi; Lochovsky, Lucas; Loeffler, Markus; Long, Georgina V.; López‐Guillermo, Armando; Lou, Shaoke; Louis, David N.; Lovat, Laurence; Lu, Yiling; Lu, Yong‐Jie; Lü, Youyong; Luchini, Claudio; Lungu, Ilinca M.; Luo, Xiangfeng; Luxton, Hayley J.; Lynch, Andy G.; Lype, Lisa; López, Cristina; López-Otı́n, Carlos; Eric, Z.; Ma, Yussanne; MacGrogan, Gaëtan; MacRae, Shona; Macintyre, Geoff; Madsen, Tobias; Maejima, Kazuhiro; Mafficini, Andrea; Maglinte, Dennis T.; Maitra, Arindam; Majumder, Partha P.; Malcovati, Luca; Malikić, Salem; Malleo, Giuseppe; Mann, Graham J.; Mantovani-Löffler, Luisa; Marchal, Kathleen; Marchegiani, Giovanni; Mardis, Elaine R.; Margolin, Adam A.; Marin, Maximillian G.; Markowetz, Florian; Markowski, Julia; Marks, Jeffrey S.; Marquès-Bonet, Tomàs; Marra, Marco A.; Marsden, Luke; Martens, John W.M.; Martin, Sancha; Martín‐Subero, José I.; Martincorena, Iñigo; Martínez-Fundichely, Alexander; Maruvka, Yosef E.; Mashl, R. Jay; Massie, Charlie E.; Matthew, Thomas J.; Matthews, Lucy; Mayer, Erik; Mayes, Simon; Mayo, Michael; Mbabaali, Faridah; McCune, Karen; McDermott, Ultan; McGillivray, Patrick D.; McLellan, Michael D.; Mcpherson, John Douglas; McPherson, John R.; McPherson, Treasa A.; Meier, Samuel R.; Meng, Alice; Meng, Shaowu; Menzies, Andrew; Merrett, Neil D.; Merson, Sue; Meyerson, Matthew; Meyerson, William; Mieczkowski, Piotr A.; Mihaiescu, George L.; Mijalkovic, Sanja; Mikkelsen, Tom; Milella, Michele Stanislaw; Mileshkin, Linda; Miller, Christopher A.; Miller, David; Miller, Jessica K.; Mills, Gordon B.; Milovanovic, Ana; Minner, Sarah; Miotto, Marco; Arnau, Gisela Mir; Mirabello, Lisa; Mitchell, Chris; Mitchell, Thomas J.; Miyano, Satoru; Miyoshi, Naoki; Mizuno, Shinichi; Molnár-Gábor, Fruzsina; Moore, Malcolm J.; Moore, Richard A.; Morganella, Sandro; Morris, Quaid; Morrison, Carl; Mose, Lisle E.; Moser, Catherine D.; Muiños, Ferran; Mularoni, Loris; Mungall, Andrew J.; Mungall, Andrew J.; Musgrove, Elizabeth A.; Mustonen, Ville; Mutch, David G.; Muyas, Francesc; Muzny, Donna M.; Múñoz, A.; Myers, Jerome K.; Myklebost, Ola; Möller, Peter; Nagae, Genta; Nagrial, Adnan; Nahal-Bose, Hardeep K.; Nakagama, Hitoshi; Nakagawa, Hidewaki; Nakamura, Hiromi; Nakamura, Toshio; Nakano, Koji; Nandi, Tannistha; Nangalia, Jyoti; Nastic, Mia; Navarro, Arcadi; Navarro, Fábio C. P.; Neal, David E.; Nettekoven, Gerd; Newell, Felicity; Newhouse, Steven; Newton, Yulia; Ng, Alvin Wei Tian; Ng, Anthony; Nicholson, Jonathan; Nicol, David; Nie, Yongzhan; Nielsen, G. Petur; Nielsen, Morten Muhlig; Nik-Zainal, Serena; Noble, Michael S.; Nones, Kátia; Northcott, Paul A.; Notta, Faiyaz; O’Connor, Brian D.; O’Donnell, Peter H.; O’Donovan, Maria; O’Meara, Sarah; O’Neill, Brian Patrick; O’Neill, J. Robert; Ocana, David; Ochoa, Angelica; Oesper, Layla; Ogden, Christopher; Ohdan, Hideki; Ohi, Kazuhiro; Ohno-Machado, Lucila; Oien, Karin A.; Ojesina, Akinyemi I.; Ojima, Hidenori; Okusaka, Takuji; Omberg, Larsson; Ong, Choon Kiat; Ossowski, Stephan; Ott, German; Ouellette, B. F. Francis; P’ng, Christine; Paczkowska, Marta; Paiella, Salvatore; Pairojkul, Chawalit; Pajic, Marina; Pan-Hammarström, Qiang; Papaemmanuil, Elli; Papatheodorou, Irene; Paramasivam, Nagarajan; Park, Ji Wan; Park, Joong-Won; Park, Keunchil; Park, Kiejung; Park, Peter J.; Parker, Joel S.; Parsons, Simon L.; Pass, Harvey I.; Pasternack, Danielle; Pastore, Alessandro; Patch, Ann‐Marie; Pauporté, Iris; Pea, Antonio; Pearson, John V.; Pedamallu, Chandra Sekhar; Pedersen, Jakob Skou; Pederzoli, Paolo; Peifer, Martin; Pennell, Nathan A.; Perou, Charles M.; Perry, Marc D.; Petersen, Gloria M.; Peto, Myron; Petrelli, Nicholas; Petryszak, Robert; Pfister, Stefan M.; Phillips, Mark Edward; Pich, Oriol; Pickett, Hilda A.; Pihl, Todd; Pillay, Nischalan; Pinder, Sarah; Pinese, Mark; Pinho, Andreia V.; Pitkänen, Esa; Pivot, Xavier; Piñeiro-Yáñez, Elena; Planko, Laura; Plass, Christoph; Polak, Paz; Pons, Tirso; Popescu, Irinel; Potapova, Olga; Prasad, Aparna; Preston, Shaun R.; Prinz, Manuel; Pritchard, Antonia L.; Prokopec, Stephenie D.; Provenzano, Elena; Puente, Xosé S.; Puig, Susana; Puiggròs, Montserrat; Pulido-Tamayo, Sergio; Pupo, Gulietta M.; Purdie, Colin A.; Quinn, Michael C.; Rabionet, Raquel; Rader, Janet S.; Radlwimmer, Bernhard; Radovic, Petar; Raeder, Benjamin; Raine, Keiran; Ramakrishna, Manasa; Ramakrishnan, Kamna; Ramalingam, Suresh S.; Raphael, Benjamin J.; Rathmell, W. Kimryn; Rausch, Tobias; Reifenberger, Guido; Reimand, Jüri; Reis‐Filho, Jorge S.; Reuter, Victor E.; Reyes-Salazar, Iker; Reyna, Matthew A.; Reynolds, Sheila M.; Rheinbay, Esther; Riazalhosseini, Yasser; Richardson, Andrea L.; Richter, Julia; Ringel, Matthew D.; Ringnér, Markus; Rino, Yasushi; Rippe, Karsten; Roach, Jeffrey; Roberts, Lewis R.; Roberts, Nicola D.; Roberts, Steven A.; Robertson, A. Gordon; Robertson, Alan J.; Rodriguez, Javier Bartolomé; Rodríguez-Martín, Bernardo; Rodríguez-González, F. Germán; Roehrl, Michael H. A.; Rohde, Marius; Rokutan, Hirofumi; Romieu, Gilles; Rooman, Ilse; Roques, Tom; Rosebrock, Daniel; Rosenberg, Mara; Rosenstiel, Philip; Rosenwald, Andreas; Rowe, Edward; Royo, Romina; Rozen, Steven G.; Rubanova, Yulia; Rubin, Mark A.; Rubio-Pérez, Carlota; Rudneva, Vasilisa A.; Rusev, Borislav; Ruzzenente, Andrea; Rätsch, Gunnar; Sabarinathan, Radhakrishnan; Sabelnykova, Veronica Y.; Sadeghi, Sara; Sahinalp, S. Cenk; Saini, Natalie; Saito‐Adachi, Mihoko; Saksena, Gordon; Salcedo, Adriana; Salgado, Roberto; Salichos, Leonidas; Sallari, Richard; Saller, Charles; Salvia, Roberto; Sam, Michelle; Samra, Jaswinder S.; Sánchez-Vega, Francisco; Sander, Chris; Sanders, Grant; Sarin, Rajiv; Sarrafi, Iman; Sasaki-Oku, Aya; Sauer, Torill; Sauter, Guido; Saw, Robyn P.M.; Scardoni, Maria; Scarlett, Christopher J.; Scarpa, Aldo; Scélo, Ghislaine; Schadendorf, Dirk; Schein, Jacqueline E.; Schilhabel, Markus B.; Schlesner, Matthias; Schlomm, Thorsten; Schmidt, Heather; Schramm, Sarah-Jane; Schreiber, Stefan; Schultz, Nikolaus; Schumacher, Steven E.; Schwarz, Roland F.; Scolyer, Richard A.; Scott, David W.; Scully, Ralph; Seethala, Raja R.; Segrè, Ayellet V.; Selander, Iris; Semple, Colin A.; Şenbabaoğlu, Yasin; Sengupta, Subhajit; Sereni, Elisabetta; Serra, Stefano; Sgroi, Dennis; Shackleton, Mark; Shah, Nimish; Shahabi, Sagedeh; Shang, Catherine A.; Shang, Peng; Shapira, Ofer; Shelton, Troy; Shen, Ciyue; Shen, Hui; Shepherd, Rebecca; Shi, Ruian; Shi, Yan; Shiah, Yu-Jia; Shibata, Tatsuhiro; Shih, Juliann; Shimizu, Eigo; Shimizu, Kiyo; Shin, Seung‐Jun; Shiraishi, Yuichi; Shmaya, Tal; Shmulevich, Ilya; Shorser, Solomon; Short, Charles L.; Shrestha, Raunak; Shringarpure, Suyash; Shriver, Craig D.; Shuai, Shimin; Sidiropoulos, Nicholas D.; Siebert, Reiner; Sieuwerts, Anieta M.; Sieverling, Lina; Signoretti, Sabina; Sikora, Katarzyna; Simbolo, Michele; Simon, Ronald; Simons, Janae V.; Simpson, Jared T.; Simpson, Peter T.; Singer, Samuel; Sinnott-Armstrong, Nasa; Sipahimalani, Payal; Skelly, Tara; Smid, Marcel; Smith, Jennifer A.; Smith‐McCune, Karen; Socci, Nicholas D.; Sofia, Heidi J.; Soloway, Matthew G.; Song, Lei; Sood, Anil K.; Sothi, Sharmila; Sotiriou, Christos; Soulette, Cameron M.; Span, Paul N.; Spellman, Paul T.; Sperandio, Nicola; Spillane, Andrew J.; Spiro, Oliver; Spring, Jonathan M.; Staaf, Johan; Stadler, Peter F.; Staib, Peter; Stark, Stefan G.; Stebbings, Lucy; Stefansson, Olafur A.; Stegle, Oliver; Stein, Lincoln D.; Stenhouse, Alasdair; Stewart, Chip; Stilgenbauer, Stephan; Stobbe, Miranda D.; Stratton, Michael R.; Stretch, Jonathan R.; Struck, Adam J.; Stuart, Joshua M.; Stunnenberg, Henk; Hong, Su Young; Su, Xiaoping; Sun, Ren; Sungalee, Stéphanie; Sušak, Hana; Suzuki, Akihiro; Sweep, Fred C.G.J.; Szczepanowski, Monika; Sültmann, Holger; Yugawa, Takashi; Tam, Angela; Tamborero, David; Tan, Benita Kiat Tee; Tan, Donghui; Tan, Patrick; Tanaka, Hiroko; Taniguchi, Hiroki; Tanskanen, Tomas; Tarabichi, Maxime; Tarnuzzer, Roy; Tarpey, Patrick; Taschuk, Morgan; Tatsuno, Kenji; Tavaré, Simon; Taylor, Darrin; Taylor-Weiner, Amaro; Teague, Jon W.; Teh, Bin Tean; Tembe, Varsha; Temes, Javier; Thai, Kevin; Thayer, Sarah P.; Thiessen, Nina; Thomas, Gilles; Thomas, Sarah; Thompson, Alan; Thompson, Alastair; Thompson, John F.; Thompson, R. Houston; Thorne, Heather; Thorne, Leigh B.; Thorogood, Adrian; Tiao, Grace; Tijanić, Nebojša; Timms, Lee; Tirabosco, Roberto; Tojo, Marta; Tommasi, Stefania; Toon, Christopher W.; Toprak, Umut; Torrents, David; Tortora, Giampaolo; Tost, Jörg; Totoki, Yasushi; Townend, David; Traficante, Nadia; Treilleux, Isabelle; Trotta, Jean-Rémi; Trümper, Lorenz; Tsao, Ming‐Sound; Tsunoda, Tatsuhiko; Tubío, José M. C.; Tucker, Olga; Turkington, Richard; Turner, Daniel J.; Varga, Andrea; Ueno, Masaki; Ueno, Naoto T.; Umbricht, Christopher B.; Umer, Husen M.; Underwood, Timothy J.; Urban, Lara; Urushidate, Tomoko; Ushiku, Tetsuo; Uusküla-Reimand, Liis; Valencia, Alfonso; Berg, David J. Van Den; Laere, Steven Van; Loo, Peter Van; Meir, Erwin G. Van; Eynden, Gert G. Van den; Kwast, Theodorus van der; Vasudev, Naveen S.; Vázquez, Miguél; Vedururu, Ravikiran; Veluvolu, Umadevi; Vembu, Shankar; Verbeke, Lieven P. 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doi:10.1038/s41586-022-05600-5

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Cytosine at +1 is rarely observed in the A3A-induced mutation spectra in model systems 16 , 17 , 24 , 25 and it is also strongly underrepresented in the overall A3 mutation signature in tumors 56 , 57 . At least for hairpin structures, π-π stacking of His29 with the six-membered ring of G +1 (or alternatively A +1 ) and van der Waals interaction of the CH 2 group (Cβ) of His29 with the five-membered ring of G +1 (or alternatively A +1 ) explains the preference for purines over pyrimidines in the +1 position (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure-guided inhibition of the cancer DNA-mutating enzyme APOBEC3A

Harjes,

Kurup,

Rieffer

et al. 2023

Nat Commun

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The normally antiviral enzyme APOBEC3A is an endogenous mutagen in human cancer. Its single-stranded DNA C-to-U editing activity results in multiple mutagenic outcomes including signature single-base substitution mutations (isolated and clustered), DNA breakage, and larger-scale chromosomal aberrations. APOBEC3A inhibitors may therefore comprise a unique class of anti-cancer agents that work by blocking mutagenesis, slowing tumor evolvability, and preventing detrimental outcomes such as drug resistance and metastasis. Here we reveal the structural basis of competitive inhibition of wildtype APOBEC3A by hairpin DNA bearing 2′-deoxy-5-fluorozebularine in place of the cytidine in the TC substrate motif that is part of a 3-nucleotide loop. In addition, the structural basis of APOBEC3A’s preference for YTCD motifs (Y = T, C; D = A, G, T) is explained. The nuclease-resistant phosphorothioated derivatives of these inhibitors have nanomolar potency in vitro and block APOBEC3A activity in human cells. These inhibitors may be useful probes for studying APOBEC3A activity in cellular systems and leading toward, potentially as conjuvants, next-generation, combinatorial anti-mutator and anti-cancer therapies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure-guided inhibition of the cancer DNA-mutating enzyme APOBEC3A

Harjes,

Kurup,

Rieffer

et al. 2023

Nat Commun

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Using evolutionary constraint to define novel candidate driver genes in medulloblastoma

Roy

Sakthikumar

Kozyrev

et al. 2023

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Current knowledge of cancer genomics remains biased against noncoding mutations. To systematically search for regulatory noncoding mutations, we assessed mutations in conserved positions in the genome under the assumption that these are more likely to be functional than mutations in positions with low conservation. To this end, we use whole-genome sequencing data from the International Cancer Genome Consortium and combined it with evolutionary constraint inferred from 240 mammals, to identify genes enriched in noncoding constraint mutations (NCCMs), mutations likely to be regulatory in nature. We compare medulloblastoma (MB), which is malignant, to pilocytic astrocytoma (PA), a primarily benign tumor, and find highly different NCCM frequencies between the two, in agreement with the fact that malignant cancers tend to have more mutations. In PA, a high NCCM frequency only affects the BRAF locus, which is the most commonly mutated gene in PA. In contrast, in MB, >500 genes have high levels of NCCMs. Intriguingly, several loci with NCCMs in MB are associated with different ages of onset, such as the HOXB cluster in young MB patients. In adult patients, NCCMs occurred in, e.g., the WASF-2/AHDC1/FGR locus. One of these NCCMs led to increased expression of the SRC kinase FGR and augmented responsiveness of MB cells to dasatinib, a SRC kinase inhibitor. Our analysis thus points to different molecular pathways in different patient groups. These newly identified putative candidate driver mutations may aid in patient stratification in MB and could be valuable for future selection of personalized treatment options.

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