Authorship and Gender in <scp>ESA</scp> Journals

Whelan, Anne Marie; Schimel, David

doi:10.1002/bes2.1567

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The American Geophysical Union found that while the acceptance rate of women-authored publications was greater than publications authored by men, women submitted fewer manuscripts than men and were used as reviewers only 20% of the time ( 13 ), a factor that is reported to be influenced by the gender of the editor ( 14 ). Several studies have concluded that there is no significant bias against papers authored by women ( 14 – 19 ). Recent reports of manuscript outcomes at publishers for ecology and evolution, physics, and chemistry journals have found that women-authored papers are less likely to have positive peer reviews and outcomes ( 20 – 23 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women Are Underrepresented and Receive Differential Outcomes at ASM Journals: a Six-Year Retrospective Analysis

Hagan

Topçuoğlu

Gregory

et al. 2020

mBio

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Despite 50% of biology Ph.D. graduates being women, the number of women that advance in academia decreases at each level (e.g., from graduate to postdoctorate to tenure track). Recently, scientific societies and publishers have begun examining internal submissions data to evaluate representation and evaluation of women in their peer review processes; however, representation and attitudes differ by scientific field, and to date, no studies have investigated academic publishing in the field of microbiology. Using manuscripts submitted between January 2012 and August 2018 to the 15 journals published by the American Society for Microbiology (ASM), we describe the representation of women at ASM journals and the outcomes of their manuscripts. Senior women authors at ASM journals were underrepresented compared to global and society estimates of microbiology researchers. Additionally, manuscripts submitted by corresponding authors that were women received more negative outcomes than those submitted by men. These negative outcomes were somewhat mediated by whether or not the corresponding author was based in the United States and by the type of institution for United States-based authors. Nonetheless, the pattern for women corresponding authors to receive more negative outcomes on their submitted manuscripts held. We conclude with suggestions to improve the representation of women and decrease structural penalties against women. IMPORTANCE Barriers in science and academia have prevented women from becoming researchers and experts that are viewed as equivalent to their colleagues who are men. We evaluated the participation and success of women researchers at ASM journals to better understand their success in the field of microbiology. We found that women are underrepresented as expert scientists at ASM journals. This is, in part, due to a combination of both low submissions from senior women authors and more negative outcomes on submitted manuscripts for women compared to men.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women Are Underrepresented and Receive Differential Outcomes at ASM Journals: a Six-Year Retrospective Analysis

Hagan

Topçuoğlu

Gregory

et al. 2020

mBio

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“…The findings of our study indicate a persistent lack of women and international diversity among top-publishing authors in ecology and its potential leadership. Our study complements existing studies on geographical and gender representation in ecology (Whelan & Schimel, 2019) through the novel and essential consideration of toppublishing authors who often gain access to leadership positions through their high publication impact (Figure 4). Top-publishing authors and academic leaders shape ecology, conservation, and evolution, but show strong patterns of biased representation.…”

Section: Biased Top Authorshipmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…For example, in the United States, women make up the majority of ecology graduate students (56%), newly hired tenure track faculty members (59%), and a third of tenure-track biology faculty members (29%) (Whelan & Schimel, 2019). The proportion of women among recent top-publishing authors in ecology (18%) is only half the proportion of women first authors (Whelan & Schimel, 2019) for the five journals of the Ecological Society of America (36%). This proportion of women first authors is similar to the proportion of first authors in the 13 ecology journals included in our study ( Figure S1): of 2600 papers taken randomly from the 13 journals (100 for each journal in 2008 and 2018), women were first authors of 34% of the articles.…”

Section: Biased Top Authorshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women and Global South strikingly underrepresented among top‐publishing ecologists

Maas

Pakeman

Godet

et al. 2021

CONSERVATION LETTERS

148

114

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The global scientific community has become increasingly diverse over recent decades, but is this ongoing development also reflected among top-publishing authors and potential scientific leaders? We surveyed 13 leading journals in ecology, evolution, and conservation to investigate the diversity of the 100 top-publishing authors in each journal between 1945 and 2019. Out of 1051 individual top-publishing authors, only 11% are women. The United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Germany, and Canada account for more than 75% of top-publishing authors, while countries of the Global South (as well as Russia, Japan, and South Korea) were strikingly underrepresented. The number of top-publishing authors who are women and/or are from the Global South is increasing only slowly over time. We outline transformative actions that scientific communities can take to enhance diversity, equity and inclusion at author, leadership, and society level. The resulting promotion of scientific innovation and productivity is essential for the development of global solutions in conservation science.

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“…, Débarre et al. , Fox and Paine , Whelan and Schimel ). In order for data to play those roles, it helps to have a large sample size.…”

Section: Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Some of those barriers may reflect perceived gender as inferred from name, such as implicit bias against job applicants and manuscript authors with names commonly given to women (e.g., Steinpreis et al 1999, Moss-Racusin et al 2012. Data, including but not limited to data obtained using the imperfect approach of inferring genders from names, have helped to identify barriers faced by women, motivate action to address those barriers, and evaluate the success of those actions in ecology and other fields (e.g., Crowe and King 1993, Moss-Racusin et al 2012, Jones and Urban 2013, Larivière et al 2013, Lockwood et al 2013, West et al 2013, Hampton and Labou 2017, Natural Science and Engineering Research Council 2017, Edwards et al 2018, 2019, Holman et al 2018, Maclay 2018, Wu 2018, Baucom et al 2019, Débarre et al 2019, Fox and Paine 2019, Whelan and Schimel 2019. In order for data to play those roles, it helps to have a large sample size.…”

Section: Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Data‐Based Guide to the North American Ecology Faculty Job Market

Fox

2020

Bulletin Ecologic Soc America

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Every year for three years (2016–2018), I tried to identify every single person hired as a tenure‐track professor in ecology or an allied field (e.g., fish and wildlife) in the United States and Canada by consulting public sources. I identified a total of 566 hires. I also used public sources to compile data on the new hires and the institutions that hired them (e.g., number of publications, teaching experience, hiring institution Carnegie class). These data address some widespread anxieties and misunderstandings about the ecology faculty job market and also speak to gender diversity in recent ecology faculty hiring. They complement, and in some cases improve on, other sources of information, such as anecdotal personal experiences.

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Authorship and Gender in ESA Journals

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Women Are Underrepresented and Receive Differential Outcomes at ASM Journals: a Six-Year Retrospective Analysis

Women Are Underrepresented and Receive Differential Outcomes at ASM Journals: a Six-Year Retrospective Analysis

Women and Global South strikingly underrepresented among top‐publishing ecologists

A Data‐Based Guide to the North American Ecology Faculty Job Market

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