Autobiographical memory of the recent past following frontal cortex or temporal lobe excisions

Thaiss, Laila; Petrides, Michael

doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06381.x

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Crucially, our results are at odds with a similar study showing a disruption in the temporal ordering of AM details during free recall in patients with unilateral medial temporal lobe excision (Thaiss and Petrides, 2008). In that study, fewer TLE patients than healthy controls adopted temporal ordering strategies spontaneously when listing activities they performed over a 2-day period, as determined by a blind external rater.…”

Section: The Mtl and Temporal Ordercontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…A recent study by Thaiss and Petrides (2008) has also demonstrated that, in comparison to healthy controls, unilateral TLE patients are impaired at ordering events in time during the free recall of week-old AMs; patients also used temporal organization strategies less spontaneously than healthy controls. Taken together, evidence suggests that information about the temporal structure of AM is supported by the medial temporal lobe, especially the hippocampus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The number of breaks in chronology was tallied and compared between TLE patients and their controls in a manner analogous to the Thaiss and Petrides (2008) study. An external rater also rated the temporal coherence of AM on a four-point scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The temporal unraveling of autobiographical memory narratives in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy or excisions

et al. 2011

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Medial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), a condition known to affect the integrity and function of medial temporal lobe structures such as the hippocampus, has been shown to disrupt memory for real-life episodes. Here, patients with unilateral TLE, patients who received a unilateral temporal lobe resection to cure TLE, and healthy controls produced free narratives of autobiographical memories (AMs). To assess temporal resolution, narratives were segmented into bits of information, or details, which were classified according to how precisely they could be located within the time course of the AM. Categories included details corresponding to the entire AM, to parts or subevents within the AM, and to actions taking place within seconds to minutes. The number of details per category was tallied and compared between patients and controls. Temporal order was assessed by determining the correct (internally consistent) chronological order of the sequence of events within the narrative. Results indicate that while patients' memory for the parts or subevents of personal episodes was intact, as was their temporal order, their memory for the minute-by-minute unraveling of the episode was impaired. We believe this loss of temporally specific details may contribute to the reduced vividness of AM recollection in TLE patients. Our findings provide further evidence that patients with hippocampal damage retrieve skeletal AMs for which the gist of the memory is maintained, but the specific details are lost.

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Section: The Mtl and Temporal Ordercontrasting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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The temporal unraveling of autobiographical memory narratives in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy or excisions

et al. 2011

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“…1). Recall of episodes from the recent past was impaired (see also Thaiss and Petrides 2008). Yet, other patients produced fewer details about past events, even events from early life (Rosenbaum et al 2005;Steinvorth et al 2005;Race et al 2011).…”

Section: Studies Of Retrograde Amnesia In Memory-impaired Patientsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Memory Consolidation

Squire

Genzel

Wixted

et al. 2015

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol

547

387

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Conscious memory for a new experience is initially dependent on information stored in both the hippocampus and neocortex. Systems consolidation is the process by which the hippocampus guides the reorganization of the information stored in the neocortex such that it eventually becomes independent of the hippocampus. Early evidence for systems consolidation was provided by studies of retrograde amnesia, which found that damage to the hippocampus-impaired memories formed in the recent past, but typically spared memories formed in the more remote past. Systems consolidation has been found to occur for both episodic and semantic memories and for both spatial and nonspatial memories, although empirical inconsistencies and theoretical disagreements remain about these issues. Recent work has begun to characterize the neural mechanisms that underlie the dialogue between the hippocampus and neocortex (e.g., "neural replay," which occurs during sharp wave ripple activity). New work has also identified variables, such as the amount of preexisting knowledge, that affect the rate of consolidation. The increasing use of molecular genetic tools (e.g., optogenetics) can be expected to further improve understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying consolidation.

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“…context) but not for item has been reported following large frontal lesions [9][10][11][12], suggesting a critical role of the prefrontal cortex in context retrieval. However, source memory impairments have not always been reported in patients with lesions clearly restricted to the prefrontal cortex [13,14], raising the question of the precise conditions under which context retrieval depends on different parts of the large and anatomically heterogeneous prefrontal cortex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ventrolateral and dorsomedial frontal cortex lesions impair mnemonic context retrieval

Chapados

Petrides

2015

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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The prefrontal cortex appears to contribute to the mnemonic retrieval of the context within which stimuli are experienced, but only under certain conditions that remain to be clarified. Patients with lesions to the frontal cortex, the temporal lobe and neurologically intact individuals were tested for context memory retrieval when verbal stimuli (words) had been experienced across multiple (unstable context condition) or unique (stable context condition) contexts; basic recognition memory of these words-in-contexts was also tested. Patients with lesions to the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) were impaired on context retrieval only when the words had been seen in multiple contexts, demonstrating that this prefrontal region is critical for active retrieval processing necessary to disambiguate memory items embedded across multiple contexts. Patients with lesions to the left dorsomedial prefrontal region were impaired on both context retrieval conditions, regardless of the stability of the stimulus-to-context associations. Conversely, prefrontal lesions sparing the ventrolateral and dorsomedial regions did not impair context retrieval. Only patients with temporal lobe excisions were impaired on basic recognition memory. The results demonstrate a basic contribution of the left dorsomedial frontal region to mnemonic context retrieval, with the VLPFC engaged, selectively, when contextual relations are unstable and require disambiguation.

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Autobiographical memory of the recent past following frontal cortex or temporal lobe excisions

Cited by 22 publications

References 40 publications

The temporal unraveling of autobiographical memory narratives in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy or excisions

The temporal unraveling of autobiographical memory narratives in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy or excisions

Memory Consolidation

Ventrolateral and dorsomedial frontal cortex lesions impair mnemonic context retrieval

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