Autoimmune experimental orchitis and chronic glomerulonephritis with end stage renal disease are controlled by Cgnz1 for susceptibility to end organ damage

Zhao, Zhenhuan; Qiao, Hui; Ge, Yan; Kannapel, C.C.; Sung, Sun-sang J.; Gaskin, Felicia; Tung, Kenneth S. K.; Fu, Shu Man

doi:10.1016/j.clim.2021.108675

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, in individuals destined to develop testicular autoimmune disease, the exposed testis Ag can become the immunogen, trigger a pathogenic autoimmune response, and maintain the pathogenic process of EAO ( 24 ). EAO can result from a multitude of genetic and environmental factors ( 53 – 55 ), including loss of Treg function, conversion of Treg to effector T cells, response to foreign Ags via molecular mimicry ( 56 ), and disruption of local regulation ( 57 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposed and Sequestered Antigens in Testes and Their Protection by Regulatory T Cell-Dependent Systemic Tolerance

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Continuous exposure of tissue antigen (Ag) to the autoantigen-specific regulatory T cells (Treg) is required to maintain Treg-dependent systemic tolerance. Thus, testis autoantigens, previously considered as sequestered, may not be protected by systemic tolerance. We now document that the complete testis antigen sequestration is not valid. The haploid sperm Ag lactate dehydrogenase 3 (LDH3) is continuously exposed and not sequestered. It enters the residual body (RB) to egress from the seminiferous tubules and interact with circulating antibody (Ab). Some LDH3 also remains inside the sperm cytoplasmic droplets (CD). Treg-depletion in the DEREG mice that express diphtheria toxin receptor on the Foxp3 promoter results in spontaneous experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) and Ab to LDH3. Unlike the wild-type male mice, mice deficient in LDH3 (wild-type female or LDH3 NULL males) respond vigorously to LDH3 immunization. However, partial Treg depletion elevated the wild-type male LDH3 responses to the level of normal females. In contrast to LDH3, zonadhesin (ZAN) in the sperm acrosome displays properties of a sequestered Ag. However, when ZAN and other sperm Ag are exposed by vasectomy, they rapidly induce testis Ag-specific tolerance, which is terminated by partial Treg-depletion, leading to bilateral EAO and ZAN Ab response. We conclude that some testis/sperm Ag are normally exposed because of the unique testicular anatomy and physiology. The exposed Ag: 1) maintain normal Treg-dependent systemic tolerance, and 2) are pathogenic and serve as target Ag to initiate EAO. Unexpectedly, the sequestered Ags, normally non-tolerogenic, can orchestrate de novo Treg-dependent, systemic tolerance when exposed in vasectomy.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposed and Sequestered Antigens in Testes and Their Protection by Regulatory T Cell-Dependent Systemic Tolerance

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a kidney disease due to pathological changes or functional reduction of the kidney that lasts for more than 3 months 4, 5 . Without timely treatment, CKD may gradually progress to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), which is difficult to treat 6 . Reportedly, there are approximately 800 million potential patients with CKD worldwide, and this number is probably further increased by global aging and the prevalence of chronic diseases 7, 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Accidental Falls in the Patients with Chronic Kidney Diseases: A 14-Year Retrospective Study and Review

Liao,

Zhang,

Peng

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundAccidental falls pose a high-risk that should not be overlooked in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), as they can result in significant injury or even fatality. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of CKD patients with fall injuries during hospitalization, discuss potential mechanisms, and to provide an overview of existing prevention methods.MethodsFalls of all patients in our Nephrology ward from 2009 to 2022 were recorded and counted. 48 patients were enrolled. Patient characteristics, injury distribution, cause of fall injury, relevant blood biochemical indicators, and recovery conditions were counted.ResultsThere were 22,053 hospitalized patients during the study period, with a fall rate of approximately 0.218%. Patients are prone to involuntary falls due to muscle weakness and confusion during nighttime and early morning activities. Injuries are mainly to the head and there is a risk of serious injury and fracture. CKD is associated with anemia, hypertension, water-electrolytes imbalance and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Blood tests showed that patients commonly had anemia, malnutrition, low immunity, as well as abnormal muscle and neuromodulatory ion levels, such as low calcium, low potassium and high phosphorus. Moreover, Patients usually have low blood pressure control ability.ConclusionLong-term CKD may lead to subjective dysfunction and motor dysfunction by inducing anemia, malnutrition, water-electrolytes imbalance, and blood pressure control ability, thus making patients prone to falls. This study has important implications for hospital ward safety management and fall prevention in CKD patients.

show abstract

Lupus nephritis

Davidson

2025

Dubois' Lupus Erythematosus and Related Syndromes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Autoimmune experimental orchitis and chronic glomerulonephritis with end stage renal disease are controlled by Cgnz1 for susceptibility to end organ damage

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Exposed and Sequestered Antigens in Testes and Their Protection by Regulatory T Cell-Dependent Systemic Tolerance

Exposed and Sequestered Antigens in Testes and Their Protection by Regulatory T Cell-Dependent Systemic Tolerance

Characteristics of Accidental Falls in the Patients with Chronic Kidney Diseases: A 14-Year Retrospective Study and Review

Lupus nephritis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About