Autologous adipose-derived stem cell transplantation enhances healing of wound with exposed bone in a rat model

Abstract

Objectives Soft tissue wounds with exposed bone often require extended healing times and can be associated with severe complications. We describe the ability of artificial dermis with autogenic adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) to promote the healing of wounds with exposed bone in a rat model. Methods Adipose tissues harvested from the bilateral inguinal regions of Wistar rats were used as ADSCs. Rats were randomly divided into control and ADSC groups to investigate the efficacy of ADSC transplantation for wound healing (n = 20 per group). Soft tissue defects were created on the heads of the rats and were covered with artificial dermis with or without the seeded ADSCs. Specimens from these rats were evaluated using digital image analysis, histology, immunohistochemistry, cell labeling, and real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR). Results The average global wound area was significantly smaller in the ADSC group than in the control group on days 3, 7, and 14 after surgery ( p <0.05). After 14 days, the blood vessel density in the wound increased by 1.6-fold in the ADSC group compared with that in the control group ( p <0.01). Real-time RT-PCR results showed higher Fgfb and Vegf expression levels at all time points, and higher Tgfb1 and Tgfb3 expression levels until 14 days after surgery in the ADSC group than in the control group ( p <0.05). Conclusions In wounds with exposed bone, autogenic ADSCs can promote vascularization and wound healing. Use of this cell source has multiple benefits, including convenient clinical application and lack of ethical concerns.

<p>Mesenchymal Stem Cells Application in Wound Tissue Healing in Old Animals</p>

“…Some scientists have evidence of the benefits of using autologous stem cells to heal wounds. [13][14][15] In other studies prove the benefits of using allogeneic SC for wound healing. [16][17][18] Obviously, the use of allogeneic cells is more convenient and faster compared to the autologous material.…”

A Large Defect of the Upper Arm and Elbow Exposing Humerus Bone

“…3 Adipose-derived stem cells have been shown to increase growth factors, primarily vascular endothelial growth factor and fibroblast growth factor. 4 In the present conundrum, an autologous fat graft was selected to replace the dead space of the surgical defect. The source of the fat donor site was then considered based on the closure technique to reapproximate the skin edges.…”

Fat Therapeutics: The Clinical Capacity of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells and Exosomes for Human Disease and Tissue Regeneration

“…In addition, animal models have shown promising effects of ADSCs on accelerating wound repair. For example, treatment using artificial dermis as a supportive matrix impregnated with autogenic ADSCs in wounded rats resulted in increased vascularization and healing, which was mediated by increased gene expression of genes involved in tissue repair or angiogenesis [e.g., Tgfb-1 and -3, Fgfb and Vegf (Hamada et al, 2019)]. Also in rats, Nie et al employed an excisional wound healing model and demonstrated that ADSCs secreted pro-angiogenic mediators both in vitro and in vivo (e.g., VEGF-A, HGF, and FGF), in-turn promoting neo-vascularization and re-epithelial regeneration of wounds, thus accelerating the wound repair (Nie et al, 2011).…”