Automated gas chromatographic analysis of volatile organic compounds in air

Castello, Gianrico; Benzo, Maurizio; Gerbino, Tomaso C.

doi:10.1016/0021-9673(95)00282-r

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Automated gas chromatographs (autoGCs) have been developed by several groups for establishing on-site databases of hourly updated volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations. Most of these systems have been designed for special applications, including the monitoring of exposure to toxic VOCs [McClenny et al, 1984], identifying VOC sources [Mc-Clenny et al, 1989], studying atmospheric chemistry and physics [Ciccioli et al, 1992;Yokouchi et al, 1993;Greenberg et al, 1994;Helmig and Greenberg, 1994;Castello et al, 1995;Leibrock and Slemr, 1997], and determining VOC source apportionment [Fujita et al, 1995]. AutoGCs have also evolved as a result of commercial incentives (and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) technology transfer programs) to meet a federally mandated requirement for ozone precursor monitoring [U.S. Government Printing Office, 1993; McClenny and Gerald, 1994].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile organic compound concentration patterns at the New Hendersonville monitoring site in the 1995 Southern Oxidants Study in the Nashville, Tennessee, area

McClenny¹,

Daughtrey²,

Adams³

et al. 1998

J. Geophys. Res.

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Abstract. Ambient gaseous organic compounds were monitored on an hourly basis with an automated gas chromatograph from June 15 to 27, 1995, at the New Hendersonville site near Nashville, Tennessee, as part of the Southern Oxidants Study (SOS). These compounds and their estimated average contributions to the total were as follows: isoprene (2.1 ppbC), methyl vinyl ketone (1.1 ppbC), methacrolein (0.6 ppbC), c•-pinene plus/3-pinene (1.3 ppbC), and those nonmethane hydrocarbons, minus isoprene, monitored routinely in the Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations (44.6 ppbC). The sum of n-aldehydes from butanal through nonanal averaged 12.6 ppbC, where a conservative estimate of artifact n-aldehydes has been subtracted. Strong diurnal variations in the concentrations of n-aldehydes and the apparent influence of wind shifts on concentration support the existence of n-aldehydes at significant levels in the ambient air. The empirical fit to data as developed by Jobson et al. Because of the sample conditioning required to prepare air samples for gas chromatographic separation, the specific design of an autoGC is critical to preserving sample integrity of many VOCs. The sample conditioning involves several features, including (1) transport of VOCs through a manifold, (2) filtering of particulate matter, (3) ozone scrubbing to prevent reactions of ozone with cocollected VOCs, or system components leading to artifact formation, (4) water management, and (5) the method of concentrating VOCs. The transport manifold is usually heated to prevent water vapor condensation and to reduce adsorption of target gases, and various types of inlet filters are used to exclude particulate matter from entering the main air manifold. Different approaches to the use and type of ozone scrubbers is a topic area that has recently been reviewed [Helmig, 1997], although one of the conclusions is that exper-22,509

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile organic compound concentration patterns at the New Hendersonville monitoring site in the 1995 Southern Oxidants Study in the Nashville, Tennessee, area

McClenny¹,

Daughtrey²,

Adams³

et al. 1998

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…Contaminants have been extracted on-line with hollow fiber membranes and detected by GC/FID, with a reported detection limit for acetone of 61 ppb [4]. Sorbent and cryo-trapping have been applied for sampling acetone vapor but the trapping methodology increases the time between measurements to several minutes [5,6]. In direct injection methods, the simplest configuration utilizes an automated valve to sample the liquid flow, followed directly by injection into the GC.…”

Section: Gas Chromatography Based Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Evaluation of On-Line Detection Techniques for Polar Organics in Ultrapure Water

Frye

Blair

Schneider

et al. 1996

Journal of the IEST

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An on-line monitor that can perform rapid trace detection of polar organics such as acetone and isopropanol in ultrapure water (UPW) is necessary to efficiently recycle water in semiconductor manufacturing facilities. The detection of these analytes is problematic due to their high solubility in water, resulting in low partitioning into sensor coatings for direct water analysis or into the vapor phase for detection by vapor phase analyzers. After considering various options, two conventional laboratory techniques have been evaluated: gas chromatography and ion mobility spectroscopy. In addition, optimizations of sensor coating materials and sample preconditioning systems were performed with the goal of a low-cost, chemical sensor system for this application. Results from these evaluations, including recommendations for meeting the needs of this application, are reported.

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The Sampling and Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere

Cao

Hewitt²

1999

Reactive Hydrocarbons in the Atmosphere

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Automated gas chromatographic analysis of volatile organic compounds in air

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

Volatile organic compound concentration patterns at the New Hendersonville monitoring site in the 1995 Southern Oxidants Study in the Nashville, Tennessee, area

Volatile organic compound concentration patterns at the New Hendersonville monitoring site in the 1995 Southern Oxidants Study in the Nashville, Tennessee, area

Development and Evaluation of On-Line Detection Techniques for Polar Organics in Ultrapure Water

The Sampling and Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere

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