Automated Proposition Density Analysis for Discourse in Aphasia

Fromm, Davida; Greenhouse, Joel B.; Hou, Kaiyue; Russell, Gregor; Cai, Xizhen; Forbes, Margaret; Holland, Audrey L.; MacWhinney, Brian

doi:10.1044/2016_jslhr-l-15-0401

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…The EVAL command has been used in numerous publications, theses, and conference presentations to analyze aspects of discourse in a variety of populations, such as aphasia, primary progressive aphasia, traumatic brain injury, and second language acquisition. [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] The original publication about EVAL showed how to compare an individual's pretherapy and posttherapy performance on a discourse task. However, another application of this EVAL command is to compare an individual's performance on a particular discourse task (e.g., Cinderella story) to the performance of others with the same aphasia type or to individuals without aphasia.…”

Section: Exclusion Of Vague or Nonspecific Wordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using AphasiaBank for Discourse Assessment

Fromm

Forbes²,

Holland

et al. 2019

Semin Speech Lang

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AphasiaBank is a shared, multimedia database for the study of communication in aphasia. This article describes a variety of discourse measurement tools and teaching resources available at the AphasiaBank website. The discourse measurement tools include main concept analysis, core lexicon checklists, correct information unit computation techniques, and other automated analyses using the CLAN program. These tools can be used to measure a variety of aspects of language production for assessment as well as treatment evaluation and clinical research purposes. Importantly, they are intended to help make the discourse analysis process more efficient and reliable. Teaching resources include an online tutorial on aphasia, videos of typical behaviors seen in aphasia, group treatment videos, classroom activities, tutorial screencasts, and conference posters. These resources can be used for a variety of clinical and educational purposes. The AphasiaBank website is part of the larger TalkBank project which provides many other shared databases and resources that are relevant to professionals interested in communication and communication disorders.

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Section: Exclusion Of Vague or Nonspecific Wordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using AphasiaBank for Discourse Assessment

Fromm

Forbes²,

Holland

et al. 2019

Semin Speech Lang

Self Cite

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“…Within discourse, the number of propositions (NP) provides a measure of the quantity of information being conveyed. Propositional idea density (PID), the NP in relation to the total number of words, provides a measure of efficiency and reflects the ability to express relations between words (Fromm et al, 2016). PID is significantly reduced in the speech of people with aphasia compared to healthy speakers in procedural discourse and personal narratives (Fromm et al, 2016) and in interview samples (Bryant et al, 2013).…”

Section: Analyses Of Propositional Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Propositional idea density (PID), the NP in relation to the total number of words, provides a measure of efficiency and reflects the ability to express relations between words (Fromm et al, 2016). PID is significantly reduced in the speech of people with aphasia compared to healthy speakers in procedural discourse and personal narratives (Fromm et al, 2016) and in interview samples (Bryant et al, 2013). Bryant et al (2013) found a significant correlation between aphasia severity and PID, with a reduction in PID as severity of aphasia increased.…”

Section: Analyses Of Propositional Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bryant et al (2013) found a significant correlation between aphasia severity and PID, with a reduction in PID as severity of aphasia increased. Fromm et al (2016) described a more complex relationship, with PID differentially sensitive to aphasia type and severity; a higher PID was associated with both increased severity (Wernicke's aphasia) and reduced severity (anomic aphasia). Within both of these studies, propositional content was determined by an automated propositional analysis, Computerized Propositional Idea Density Rater (CPIDR; Brown et al, 2008).…”

Section: Analyses Of Propositional Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Communicative Informativeness in Aphasia: Investigating the Relationship Between Linguistic and Perceptual Measures

Webster

Morris

2019

Am J Speech Lang Pathol

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Informativeness refers to how successfully a person is able to convey their intended message. This study explores the relationship between perceptual ratings of informativeness and selected linguistic measures of lexical and structural content. It considers which linguistic measures have ecological validity in terms of what listeners view as important. Method: Two complex picture description samples from 20 people with aphasia were analyzed. Linguistic measures included number of correct information units (NCIU), percentage of correct information units, number of propositions (NP), propositional idea density (PID), and mean length of utterance in words (MLU-w). Eleven naïve listeners produced direct magnitude estimation (DME) ratings of informativeness. A correlational design was used to investigate the relationship between mean DME informativeness ratings and each of the linguistic measures. Results: The 2 picture description samples elicited similar informativeness ratings. Positive significant correlations were identified between mean DME informativeness ratings and NCIU, percentage of correct information units, NP, and MLU-w; the strength of correlation differed across variables. No significant correlation was found between mean DME informativeness ratings and PID. Significant correlations were also seen between the linguistic variables, particularly between NP and PID as well as NP and MLU-w. Conclusions: Overall, the linguistic measures corresponded to rated informativeness, highlighting their ecological validity. The strongest relationship was between NCIU and rated informativeness, emphasizing the importance of complete and accurate production of lexical information, particularly nouns. Less strong, but still significant, relationships were seen with variables looking at the efficiency of information giving and the connection of ideas within sentences. The importance of different types of informative measures is considered in relation to the elicitation stimuli.

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“…When they do produce narratives, these tend to be shorter and less complex than those produced by unimpaired speakers (Ulatowska et al, 1983). While narrative macrostructure is relatively preserved except within individuals with severe aphasia (e.g., Olness et al, 2010;Olness & Ulatowska, 2011), PWA present with other discourse-level difficulties: producing tangential speech and repetitions (Andreetta et al, 2012;Andreetta & Marini, 2015), reduced informativeness (Andreetta & Marini, 2015;Capilouto et al, 2006;Fromm et al, 2016) and errors of cohesion, local coherence, and global coherence (Andreetta & Marini, 2015;Armstrong, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting therapy for a new world: storytelling therapy in EVA Park

et al. 2020

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Background: Storytelling is fundamental to human communication yet is under-represented in aphasia therapy research and clinical practice. Access to care may be one obstacle; in the broader healthcare context, remote modes of treatment delivery can increase individuals' access to care. EVA Park is a highly novel, online platform designed with people with aphasia that has shown capacity to improve aspects of language and communication. Aims: This study explored whether it is feasible to deliver a storytelling intervention in EVA Park and whether therapy brought about improvements in the content and organisation of their narratives. Changes in functional communication and technology use were also examined. Methods and procedures: In a pilot feasibility study, three individuals with aphasia were recruited in the UK and Australia. Over five weeks, participants received 20 hours of therapy in EVA Park, consisting of three weekly sessions with a speech therapist and one weekly session in which the participant told the story to a volunteer who was blinded to the content of their story. A repeated-measures, case series design was used to evaluate therapy. The primary measure assessed the content of narratives elicited by novel video stimuli twice before and twice after therapy. Secondary measures investigated structural features of the video narratives and of personal narratives. Functional communication was assessed with the Communication Activities of Daily Living assessment, and technology use was probed via a Technology Screen. Outcomes and results: Delivery of storytelling therapy via EVA Park was feasible; technology challenges arose and were resolved using multiple strategies. Following therapy, participants' storytelling improved in content, with a large effect size for the group, and in structure. Generalisation to personal narratives was not observed. Some improvements were seen in functional communication. Conclusions: Storytelling therapy delivered via an online platform is feasible and may improve the content and organisation of participants' storytelling, with some evidence of generalisation to functional communication.

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Automated Proposition Density Analysis for Discourse in Aphasia

Abstract: Proposition density is differentially sensitive to aphasia type and most clearly differentiates individuals with Broca's aphasia from the other groups.

Cited by 19 publications

References 46 publications

Using AphasiaBank for Discourse Assessment

Using AphasiaBank for Discourse Assessment

Communicative Informativeness in Aphasia: Investigating the Relationship Between Linguistic and Perceptual Measures

Adapting therapy for a new world: storytelling therapy in EVA Park

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