Automated sampling and data processing derived from biomimetic membranes

Perry, Mark; Vissing, Thomas; Boesen, T P; Hansen, Jesper S.; Emnéus, Jenny; Hélix-Nielsen, Claus

doi:10.1088/1748-3182/4/4/044001

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In order to assess whether the hydrogel encapsulation affected BLM properties, we measured conductance G and capacitance C as described previously27. Membrane conductance ranged from 115 to 220 nS and membrane capacitance ranged from 1560 to 3950 pF with no significant differences between hydrogel‐encapsulated membranes and freestanding membranes (see Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For details on chamber assembly and multi‐array BLM monitoring and characterization see Ref. 26, 27, 29.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, we characterized chemically induced and UV‐induced polymerized hydrogels with respect to volumetric stability, water permeability, and porosity. We obtained stable hydrogel encapsulated lipid bilayers with lifetimes of several days in an aperture array with 64 individual BLMs as evidenced by monitoring conductance and capacitance using standard voltage‐clamp measurements26, 27. Functionality of the encapsulated BLMs was demonstrated by recording single channel activity of incorporated gramicidin ion channels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogels for in situ encapsulation of biomimetic membrane arrays

Ibragimova

Stibius

Szewczykowski

et al. 2010

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Hydrogels are hydrophilic, porous polymer networks that can absorb up to thousands of times their own weight in water. They have many potential applications, one of which is the encapsulation of freestanding black lipid membranes (BLMs) for novel separation technologies or biosensor applications. We investigated gels for in situ encapsulation of multiple BLMs formed across apertures in a hydrophobic ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) support. The encapsulation gels consisted of networks of poly(ethylene glycol)‐dimethacrylate or poly(ethylene glycol)‐diacrylate polymerized using either a chemical initiator or a photoinitiator. The hydrogels were studied with regards to volumetric stability, porosity, and water permeability. All hydrogels had pore sizes around 7 nm with volumetric changes >2% upon crosslinking. Photoinitiated hydrogels had a lower hydraulic water permeability compared to chemically initiated hydrogels; however, for all hydrogels the permeability was several‐fold higher than the water permeability of conventional reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. Lifetimes of freestanding BLM arrays in gel precursor solutions were short compared to arrays formed in buffer. However, polymerizing (crosslinking) the gel stabilized the membranes and resulted in BLM arrays that remained intact for days. This is a substantial improvement over lifetimes for freestanding BLM arrays. Optical images of the membranes and single channel activity of incorporated gramicidin ion channels showed that the lipid membranes retained their integrity and functionality after encapsulation with hydrogel. Our results show that hydrogel encapsulation is a potential means to provide stability for biomimetic devices based on functional proteins reconstituted in biomimetic membrane arrays. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For details on chamber assembly and multi‐array BLM monitoring and characterization see Ref. 26, 27, 29.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogels for in situ encapsulation of biomimetic membrane arrays

Ibragimova

Stibius

Szewczykowski

et al. 2010

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…In this way lipid bilayers were created across all of the 64 apertures of the ETFE partition arrays. The formation of lipid bilayers in the partition aperture arrays was recorded by voltage-clamp measurements of the membrane C m and G m values [18].…”

Section: Preparation Of Lipid Solutions and Formation Of Blm Arraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sampling frequency was 50 Hz. Off-line analysis was done using custom made software [18]. For the gAchannel activity measurements the peptide was added from ethanolic stock solution to the BFS to a final protein:lipid ratio of 1 :10 7 .…”

Section: Voltage-clamp Data Acquisition and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modifications of Support Partitions for Stabilizing Biomimetic Membrane Arrays

Perry¹,

Hansen²,

Stibius³

et al. 2013

J Membra Sci Technol

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Black lipid membrane (BLM) formation across apertures in an ethylene tetra-fluoroethylene (ETFE) partition separating two aqueous compartments is an established technique for the creation of biomimetic membranes. Recently multi-aperture BLM arrays have attracted interest and in order to increase BLM array stability we studied the effect of covalently modifying the partition substrate using surface plasma polymerization with hydrophobic n-hexene, 1-decene and hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) as modification groups. Average lifetimes across singlesided HMDSO modified partitions or using 1-decene modified partitions were similar and significantly lower than for arrays formed using untreated ETFE partitions. For single side n-hexene modification average membrane array lifetimes were not significantly changed compared to untreated ETFE. Double-sided n-hexene modification greatly improved average membrane array lifetimes compared to membrane arrays formed across untreated ETFE partitions. n-hexene modifications resulted in BLM membrane arrays which over time developed significantly lower conductance (G m ) and higher capacitance (C m ) values compared to the other membranes with the strongest effect for double sided modification. n-hexene modification is evident as a change in surface energy whereas the surface roughness does not change significantly. The concomitant low G m and high C m values for BLM arrays formed using double-sided n-hexene modification enable transmembrane ionic current recordings with a high signal-to-noise (s/n) ratio. We demonstratesd this by reconstituting gA and α-hemolysin (α-HL) into BLM arrays. The improvement in membrane array lifetime and s/n ratio demonstrates that surface plasma polymerization of the supporting partition can be used to increase the stability of biomimetic membrane arrays.

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Electrochemical characterization of hydrogels for biomimetic applications

Peláez

Romero

Escalera

et al. 2011

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Hydrogels are increasingly being recognized as having potential in bio‐compatible applications. In previous work, we investigated the feasibility of poly(ethylene glycol)‐dimethacrylate (PEG‐1000‐DMA) and poly(ethylene glycol)‐diacrylate (PEG‐400‐DA) polymerized using either a chemical initiator (C) or a photoinitiator (P) to encapsulate and stabilize biomimetic membranes for novel separation technologies or biosensor applications. In this paper, we have investigated the electrochemical properties of the hydrogels used for membrane encapsulation. Specifically, we studied the crosslinked hydrogels by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and we demonstrated that chemically crosslinked hydrogels had lower values for the effective electrical resistance and higher values for the electrical capacitance compared with hydrogels with photoinitiated crosslinking. Transport numbers were obtained using electromotive force measurements and demonstrated that at low salt concentrations, both PEG‐400‐DA‐C and PEG‐400‐DA‐P hydrogels presented an electropositive character whereas PEG‐1000‐DMA‐P was approximately neutral and PEG‐1000‐DMA‐C showed electronegative character. Sodium transport numbers approached the bulk NaCl electrolyte value at high salt concentrations for all hydrogels, indicating screening of fixed charges in the hydrogels. The average salt diffusional permeability 〈Ps〉 and water permeability 〈Pw〉 were found to correlate with EIS results. Both PEG‐1000‐DMA‐C and PEG‐400‐DA‐C had higher 〈Ps〉 and 〈Pw〉 values than PEG‐1000‐DMA‐P and PEG‐400‐DA‐P hydrogels. In conclusion, our results show that hydrogel electrochemical properties can be controlled by the choice of polymer and type of crosslinking used and that their water and salt permeability properties are congruent with the use of hydrogels for biomimetic membrane encapsulation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Automated sampling and data processing derived from biomimetic membranes

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Hydrogels for in situ encapsulation of biomimetic membrane arrays

Hydrogels for in situ encapsulation of biomimetic membrane arrays

Surface Modifications of Support Partitions for Stabilizing Biomimetic Membrane Arrays

Electrochemical characterization of hydrogels for biomimetic applications

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