Automatic antenna pattern estimation for high-frequency surface wave radars

Zhou, Hao; Wen, Biyang

doi:10.1080/09205071.2013.743208

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, to cover all interested angles, they require a large amount of ship echoes, which usually take several days or longer to record. Note that the sea echoes already contain signals from all directions, so some antenna pattern estimation/calibration methods using sea echoes have been proposed [25][26][27][28]. As a kind of passive calibration, these methods employ different iterative algorithms and cost functions to calibrate the APD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antenna Pattern Calibration Method for Phased Array of High-Frequency Surface Wave Radar Based on First-Order Sea Clutter

Li,

Liu,

Yang

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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The problem of accurate source localization has been an area of focus in high-frequency surface wave radar (HFSWR) applications. However, antenna pattern distortion (APD) decreases the direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation performance of the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm. Up to now, limited studies have been conducted on the calibration of antenna pattern distortion for phased arrays in HFSWR. In this paper, we first analyze the effect of APD on the performance of the MUSIC algorithm through estimation of accuracy and angular resolution. We demonstrate that using the actual pattern (or say APD) can improve DOA estimation performance. Based on this proposition, we propose a novel iterative calibration method that employs the first-order sea clutter data and can jointly estimate DOA and APD in an iterative way. To obtain available calibration points, we introduce the extraction methods of the first-order sea clutter spectrum and single-DOA spectrum points. Meanwhile, in each iteration, the Beamspace MUSIC algorithm and artificial hummingbird algorithm (AHA) are utilized to estimate the DOA and APD, respectively. Numerical results reveal a good coincidence between the actual pattern and the estimated APD. We also apply this method to process the experimental data of HFSWR. We obtain the APD vector of the real phased array and improve the direction-finding performance of several real ship targets using this vector. Both numerical and experimental results prove the correctness of our proposed calibration method.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antenna Pattern Calibration Method for Phased Array of High-Frequency Surface Wave Radar Based on First-Order Sea Clutter

Li,

Liu,

Yang

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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“…For the same reasons mentioned above, we hope to find an automatic method to calibrate the antenna pattern distortions and the gain/phase errors using the unknown sources. Fortunately, the everlasting enormous backscattered signals from the sea surface make the iterative self‐calibration feasible [19], which is attributed to: (i) use of patterns closer to the actual ones generally improves the DOA estimation, guaranteeing the convergence of the iteration; (ii) the randomness of the sea echoes in both spatial and temporal domains makes the pattern at each look angle have a chance to be involved and adjusted, making the method robust; and (iii) the nature of sea currents decides that most sea echo signals associated with a given Doppler frequency and a given range cell have only one DOA and we can screen them out by checking the eigenvalues of their auto‐correlation matrixes, leading to accurate parameter estimations. This is a major point to be discussed in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibration of antenna pattern and phase errors of a cross‐loop/monopole antenna array in high‐frequency surface wave radars

Zhou

Wen

2014

IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation

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High-frequency surface wave radar has now been widely used as a regular instrument in remote sensing of sea states. To solve the contradiction of the array pattern beamwidth and array aperture, multiple cross-loop/monopole (CM) antennas are used as sub-arrays to form a uniform linear array, which is called the CM-uniform linear array (ULA). Adaptive beamforming via virtual interferences is used to synthesize the desired pattern and a half beamwidth of about 20°is achieved by a two-unit CM-ULA with a spacing of 0.75λ (λ is the radar wavelength). A novel iterative method is proposed to calibrate the array errors, including the individual antenna pattern distortions and the channel gain/phase errors, without resorting to any known signals such as a beacon or transponder signal. Simulations are executed and the results show the validity of the proposed method.

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Study on Pattern Distortion and DOA Estimation Performance of Crossed-Loop/Monopole Antenna in HF Radar

Tian

Wen

Tan

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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Automatic antenna pattern estimation for high-frequency surface wave radars

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Antenna Pattern Calibration Method for Phased Array of High-Frequency Surface Wave Radar Based on First-Order Sea Clutter

Antenna Pattern Calibration Method for Phased Array of High-Frequency Surface Wave Radar Based on First-Order Sea Clutter

Calibration of antenna pattern and phase errors of a cross‐loop/monopole antenna array in high‐frequency surface wave radars

Study on Pattern Distortion and DOA Estimation Performance of Crossed-Loop/Monopole Antenna in HF Radar

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