Automatic Information Processing in Western Europe

Abstract

Automatic language processing under the plan includes mechanical translation, computational linguistics, and related work in areas such as automatic abstracting and development of hardware. The adoption of this plan constitutes recognition by the agencies involved that "fully automatic high-quality language processing, including mechanical translation, is a long-range goal," and that cooperation in planning and research are necessary to progress in this field.A recent important step under the Joint Automatic Language Processing Program has been the appointment by the National Academy of Sciences of John R. Pierce as chairman of an advisory committee for automatic language processing. When fully established, the committee will provide the agencies participating in the joint program with advice which will aid them in planning future research, development, and evaluation in this field.Automatic language processing under the plan includes mechanical translation, computational linguistics, and related work in areas such as automatic abstracting and development of hardware. The adoption of this plan constitutes recognition by the agencies involved that "fully automatic high-quality language processing, including mechanical translation, is a long-range goal," and that cooperation in planning and research are necessary to progress in this field.A recent important step under the Joint Automatic Language Processing Program has been the appointment by the National Academy of Sciences of John R. Pierce as chairman of an advisory committee for automatic language processing. When fully established, the committee will provide the agencies participating in the joint program with advice which will aid them in planning future research, development, and evaluation in this field. Warren Weaver concludes his note "Translation," referred to earlier (3), by indicating four possible types of attack on the mechanical translation problem. As for the fourth, he says,

Asymmetric trichotomous data partitioning enables development of predictive machine learning models using limited siRNA efficacy datasets

“…Accuracy, a popular model performance metric that measures correct versus total predictions, is misleading in the context of large class imbalances. This is of particular concern for fully modified siRNA efficacy datasets, like the one used here (33), in which there are many more ineffective siRNAs than effective siRNAs for a target transcript (34, 35). Another popular model performance metric is area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, which plots the true positive rate (also called recall) against the false positive rate (36) Yet, like accuracy, ROC curves do not account for imbalanced data, overestimating model performance in datasets dominated by positively classified values ( i .…”

Computer capabilities at western european universities

“…Saiton [14] notes, "It is well known that European work in the design and applications of computing equipment is widely underrated in the United States. .…”

“…Certainly, European universities are recognized for their contributions to such fields as simulation, numerical analysis and programming languages. (See Saiton [14] for a description and comprehensive bibliography of European research in automatic documenialion and information processing.) However, within any one university the research activity is directed toward a narrow field of specialization.…”