Automatic infrasound detection and location of sources in the western United States

Park, Junghyun; Arrowsmith, Stephen J.; Hayward, Chris; Stump, Brian W.; Blom, Philip

doi:10.1002/2013jd021084

Cited by 25 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(194 reference statements)

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“…We note that the processing performed in (1) aims to isolate correlated infrasound signals from uncorrelated wind noise. Previously proposed approaches have combined all or subsets of these elements in different ways [e.g., Brown et al , ; Evers and Haak , ; Le Pichon et al , ; Arrowsmith et al , ; Arrowsmith and Whitaker , ; Brachet et al , ; Modrak et al , ; Park et al , ; Arrowsmith et al , ].…”

Section: Motivation For the Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated detection and cataloging of global explosive volcanism using the International Monitoring System infrasound network

et al. 2017

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We experiment with a new method to search systematically through multiyear data from the International Monitoring System (IMS) infrasound network to identify explosive volcanic eruption signals originating anywhere on Earth. Detecting, quantifying, and cataloging the global occurrence of explosive volcanism helps toward several goals in Earth sciences and has direct applications in volcanic hazard mitigation. We combine infrasound signal association across multiple stations with source location using a brute‐force, grid‐search, cross‐bearings approach. The algorithm corrects for a background prior rate of coherent unwanted infrasound signals (clutter) in a global grid, without needing to screen array processing detection lists from individual stations prior to association. We develop the algorithm using case studies of explosive eruptions: 2008 Kasatochi, Alaska; 2009 Sarychev Peak, Kurile Islands; and 2010 Eyjafjallajökull, Iceland. We apply the method to global IMS infrasound data from 2005–2010 to construct a preliminary acoustic catalog that emphasizes sustained explosive volcanic activity (long‐duration signals or sequences of impulsive transients lasting hours to days). This work represents a step toward the goal of integrating IMS infrasound data products into global volcanic eruption early warning and notification systems. Additionally, a better understanding of volcanic signal detection and location with the IMS helps improve operational event detection, discrimination, and association capabilities.

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Section: Motivation For the Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated detection and cataloging of global explosive volcanism using the International Monitoring System infrasound network

et al. 2017

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“…Also, the peak‐to‐peak amplitudes of the earthquake‐derived TIDs were about twice the size of the UNE‐derived TIDs. Figure shows the TID waveforms of the 2009 UNE, 2006 UNE, and 2011 earthquake, respectively, presented in Park, Arrowsmith, et al ().…”

Section: Ionospheric Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Park, Arrowsmith, et al () compared the characteristics of TIDs induced by UNEs and an earthquake. By processing GPS data recorded at Continuously Operating Reference Stations near the selected events, which were two UNEs by North Korea in 2006 and 2009 and the Japanese Tohoku earthquake in 2011, the TID signatures from each event were detected.…”

Section: Ionospheric Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Slant total electron content derivatives from station INJE for the 2009 UNE (top), station PAJU for the 2006 UNE (middle), and station 0800 for the 2011 Tohoku earthquake (bottom). The red waveforms mark the traveling ionospheric disturbance, and the shaded regions highlight the 4‐min windows of signal values used in the correlation analysis (reproduced from Figure 8 in Park, Arrowsmith, et al ()). UNE = underground nuclear explosion.…”

Section: Ionospheric Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ionospheric Detection of Explosive Events

Huang

Helmboldt

Park

et al. 2019

Reviews of Geophysics

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The ionospheric response to explosions which occur at or below the Earth's surface has been noted since the first detonations of nuclear devices during the early period of aboveground testing. Acoustic gravity waves and traveling ionospheric disturbances were detected in association with test explosions carried out by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in Novaya Zemlya in 1961. While research in this area has continued, the standards accepted by the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty for detection and confirmation of nuclear explosions have been based on (1) seismic, (2) hydroacoustic, (3) infrasound, and (4) radionuclide monitoring from ground detectors. We suggest that ionospheric sensing offers a complementary methodology that may allow for robust confirmation of explosive events. One method of ionospheric monitoring of explosive events is analysis of total electron content (TEC), available by processing data from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers distributed globally on land masses. Traveling ionospheric disturbances observed by their signature in TEC have been used to detect and confirm mine collapses, mine blasts, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and meteorite strikes as well as underground nuclear tests. While an integrated measurement like TEC is not as sensitive to small-amplitude density perturbations as other methods, the existence of large networks of continuously operating GNSS stations makes this an intriguing new monitoring asset. We report on the current capabilities for detection of explosions via the ionosphere, the outstanding challenges, and prospects for future developments that have potential to augment the current standards for detection and confirmation of nuclear detonations. By leveraging the worldwide network of GNSS receivers, robust confirmation of impulsive events is possible. This methodology complements existing technologies approved by the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. The article outlines background theory, new approaches to monitoring of explosions, and challenges that remain to be addressed.

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“…Within geophysics communities, such signals below 20 Hz are known as infrasound ( Le Pichon et al , 2010 ). Past investigations of anthropogenic acoustic signals in the infrasound range have focused on discrete sources such as chemical and nuclear explosions ( Park et al , 2014 ; Park et al , 2018 ), rockets ( Evers et al , 2018 ), aircraft ( Evers, 2005 ; Le Pichon et al , 2002 ), bridges ( Donn et al , 1974 ; Whitlow et al , 2019 ), and wind turbines ( Marcillo et al , 2015 ). In contrast, little attention has been paid to the characteristics of ambient urban acoustics in the low frequency audio to infrasound range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring changes in human activity during the COVID-19 shutdown in Las Vegas using infrasound microbarometers

Bird

Bowman

Seastrand

et al. 2021

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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While studies of urban acoustics are typically restricted to the audio range, anthropogenic activity also generates infrasound (<20 Hz, roughly at the lower end of the range of human hearing). Shutdowns related to the COVID-19 pandemic unintentionally created ideal conditions for the study of urban infrasound and low frequency audio (20–500 Hz), as closures reduced human-generated ambient noise, while natural signals remained relatively unaffected. An array of infrasound sensors deployed in Las Vegas, NV, provides data for a case study in monitoring human activity during the pandemic through urban acoustics. The array records a sharp decline in acoustic power following the temporary shutdown of businesses deemed nonessential by the state of Nevada. This decline varies spatially across the array, with stations close to McCarran International Airport generally recording the greatest declines in acoustic power. Further, declines in acoustic power fluctuate with the time of day. As only signals associated with anthropogenic activity are expected to decline, this gives a rough indication of periodicities in urban acoustics throughout Las Vegas. The results of this study reflect the city's response to the pandemic and suggest spatiotemporal trends in acoustics outside of shutdowns.

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Automatic infrasound detection and location of sources in the western United States

Abstract: A catalog that characterizes sources of regional infrasound observed in the western U.S.

Cited by 25 publications

References 72 publications

Automated detection and cataloging of global explosive volcanism using the International Monitoring System infrasound network

Automated detection and cataloging of global explosive volcanism using the International Monitoring System infrasound network

Ionospheric Detection of Explosive Events

Monitoring changes in human activity during the COVID-19 shutdown in Las Vegas using infrasound microbarometers

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