Automatic Joining of Electrical Components to Smart Textiles by Ultrasonic Soldering

Micus, Sebastian; Haupt, Michael; Gresser, Götz T.

doi:10.3390/s21020545

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…After 15 times and 30 times cycles of washing, this value dropped to just under 23 N ( Figure 9 ). When comparing the results with those of soldered joints [ 26 ], ultrasonic welding shows comparable values of 23 N. It can also be seen that the strength does not decrease further with the number of washing cycles, which indicates that the designed joints were very durable. The number of washing cycles did not have to be regulated due to the strength of the joints.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…The force was applied perpendicularly to the textile ( Figure 5 ). A load cell with a maximum force of 50 N was used at a travel speed of 100 mm/min [ 26 , 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The force was applied perpendicularly to the textile (Figure 5). A load cell with a maximum force of 50 N was used at a travel speed of 100 mm/min [26][27][28]. In order to generate a measurable voltage, high currents of up to 10 A were required.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties: Peeling Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Integrating Electronics to Textiles by Ultrasonic Welding for Cable-Driven Applications for Smart Textiles

Micus

Rostami²,

Haupt

et al. 2021

Materials

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The connection between flexible textiles and stiff electronic components has always been structurally weak and a limiting factor in the establishment of smart textiles in our everyday life. This paper focuses on the formation of reliable connections between conductive textiles and conventional litz wires using ultrasonic welding. The paper offers a promising approach to solving this problem. The electrical and mechanical performance of the samples were investigated after 15 and 30 wash-and-dry cycles in a laundry machine. Here the contact resistances and their peeling strength were measured. Furthermore, their connection properties were analysed in microsections. The resistance of the joints increased more than 300%, because the silver-coated wires suffered under the laundry cycles. Meanwhile, the mechanical strength during the peeling test decreased by only about 20% after 15 cycles and remained the same after 30 cycles. The good results obtained in this study suggest that ultrasonic welding offers a useful approach to the connection of textile electronics to conductive wires and to the manufacture of smart textiles.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…The force was applied perpendicularly to the textile ( Figure 5 ). A load cell with a maximum force of 50 N was used at a travel speed of 100 mm/min [ 26 , 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Integrating Electronics to Textiles by Ultrasonic Welding for Cable-Driven Applications for Smart Textiles

Micus

Rostami²,

Haupt

et al. 2021

Materials

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…These include some of the oldest man-made materials, such as textiles. Today, the word design is more relevant to them than ever before, because smart textiles have a great future utilization in healthcare [1][2][3], medicine [4][5][6][7][8], transport [9,10], sports and leisure [11,12], safety and personal protective equipment [13], construction [14], interior design [15,16], agriculture [17], sensors and biosensors [18][19][20], etc. Materials creation is associated with combining their known properties with new functionality to ensure active interaction with the environment, i.e., ability to react and adapt to changes [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Textile Materials Modified with Stimuli-Responsive Drug Carrier for Skin Topical and Transdermal Delivery

2021

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Textile materials, as a suitable matrix for different active substances facilitating their gradual release, can have an important role in skin topical or transdermal therapy. Characterized by compositional and structural variety, those materials readily meet the requirements for applications in specific therapies. Aromatherapy, antimicrobial substances and painkillers, hormone therapy, psoriasis treatment, atopic dermatitis, melanoma, etc., are some of the areas where textiles can be used as carriers. There are versatile optional methods for loading the biologically active substances onto textile materials. The oldest ones are by exhaustion, spraying, and a pad-dry-cure method. Another widespread method is the microencapsulation. The modification of textile materials with stimuli-responsive polymers is a perspective route to obtaining new textiles of improved multifunctional properties and intelligent response. In recent years, research has focused on new structures such as dendrimers, polymer micelles, liposomes, polymer nanoparticles, and hydrogels. Numerous functional groups and the ability to encapsulate different substances define dendrimer molecules as promising carriers for drug delivery. Hydrogels are also high molecular hydrophilic structures that can be used to modify textile material. They absorb a large amount of water or biological fluids and can support the delivery of medicines. These characteristics correspond to one of the current trends in the development of materials used in transdermal therapy, namely production of intelligent materials, i.e., such that allow controlled concentration and time delivery of the active substance and simultaneous visualization of the process, which can only be achieved with appropriate and purposeful modification of the textile material.

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“…For the development of integrated electronic textiles, it is necessary to define new modified standards. One major hurdle related to standard adoption is washability [28]. Wearable e-textiles need to be washed regularly in the household washing machine for normal customer adoption [29,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wash Analyses of Flexible and Wearable Printed Circuits for E-Textiles and Their Prediction of Damages

et al. 2021

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The development of specific user-based wearable smart textiles is gaining interest. The reliability and washability of e-textiles, especially electronic-based components of e-textiles, are under particular investigation nowadays. This is because e-textiles cannot be washed like normal textile products and washing electronic products is not common practice in our daily life. To adopt the e-textile products in our daily life, new standards, based on product usage, should be developed especially for flexibility and washability. The wearable motherboards are the main component for e-textile systems. They should be washing reliable and flexible for better adoption in the system. In this manuscript, flexible wearable PCBs were prepared with different conductive track widths and protected with silicone coatings. The samples were washed for 50 washing cycles in the household washing machine, and provoked damages were investigated. The PCBs were also investigated for bending tests (simulating mechanical stresses in the washing machine), and resultant damages were discussed and co-related with washing damages. The bending test was performed by bending the FPCBs at 90° over the circular rod and under the known hanging load.

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Automatic Joining of Electrical Components to Smart Textiles by Ultrasonic Soldering

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Integrating Electronics to Textiles by Ultrasonic Welding for Cable-Driven Applications for Smart Textiles

Integrating Electronics to Textiles by Ultrasonic Welding for Cable-Driven Applications for Smart Textiles

Textile Materials Modified with Stimuli-Responsive Drug Carrier for Skin Topical and Transdermal Delivery

Wash Analyses of Flexible and Wearable Printed Circuits for E-Textiles and Their Prediction of Damages

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