Automatic Optimization of Multiple Borehole Heat Exchanger Fields

Bayer, Peter; Beck, Markus; Paly, Michael de

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-17777-9_22

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Our research is carried out to optimize the design of ground pipes pf GSHP [21]. Modelling of heat exchange processes in the ground around GP shows that in order to avoid soil freezing, the minimum permissible number of evaporators is equal 6.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of thermal processes in vertical heat exchangers of ground-source heat pump

Denysova,

Ivanov

2023

HAIT

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The basic directions for perfection heat supply systems are the tendency of transition to the low-temperature heating systems based at application heat pump installations. We consider heat supply systems with ground-source heat pump. The paper considers modeling the efficiency of ground-source heat pumps with the account of Ukrainian climate conditions. The paper presents the energy performance criteria which show the way to rational implementation of ground-source heat pumps for heating. A computational model based at non-stationary heat exchange processes in elements of ground-source heat pumps is developed. Generalization and analysis of theoretical and experimental dates allow establishing nature of dependence thermophysical properties on temperature insoil around ground heat exchangers during long term operation of the system. Numerical simulation of thermal processes in vertical ground pipes for ground-source heat pump working with low-temperature heating systems has been worked out. The results of numerical modeling demonstrated perfection and technical adaption of ground-source heat pump for low-temperature heating systems with rational using ground energy potential. The novelty of our method is complex usage theoretical and experimental results which enable to prevent freezing in the ground during long term exploitation This provides insights at effects of different resource mixes and may serve as a new approach to analysis of future heat pump systems using ground source energy development.The proposed method contributes to the field of creation and implementation the sustainable heating technologies using renewable energy sources. The ground heat exchange pipes quantities that are necessary for effective operation heat pump installation, capacity and coefficient of performance with the account of climate conditions are calculated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of thermal processes in vertical heat exchangers of ground-source heat pump

Denysova,

Ivanov

2023

HAIT

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“…for problems (19) and (20), respectively. The choice of the solutions e, u in Equations ( 22), (23), respectively, reveals that the soil source σ acts in any point of the domain Ω, exchangers included, while the exchanger source ε acts only in the points corresponding to the device position. We note that this choice for the source terms considers an exchanger placed at the domain center with respect to the x-y plane.…”

Section: The Computation Of the Source Termmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, once the model for the description of the heat exchange in the geothermal field has been formulated, it can be exploited in an optimisation procedure to support the design process. Usually, mathematical optimisation methods applied to borehole fields aim to strategically define the workloads of the devices [5] and/or to arrange the borehole positions [23], [24]. More precisely, optimisation techniques have been used in [23] to strategically operate and arrange in space borehole exchangers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Usually, mathematical optimisation methods applied to borehole fields aim to strategically define the workloads of the devices [5] and/or to arrange the borehole positions [23], [24]. More precisely, optimisation techniques have been used in [23] to strategically operate and arrange in space borehole exchangers. On the other hand, an interesting fact is shown in [24] for homogeneous fields: an optimal load assignment yields the same result of an optimal BHE placement, and the combined optimisation approach produces only slightly better results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inverse heat conduction to model and optimise a geothermal field

Egidi¹,

Giacomini²,

Maponi³

2021

Preprint

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The design of heat exchanger fields is a key phase to ensure the long-term sustainability of such renewable energy systems. This task has to be accomplished by modelling the relevant processes in the complex system made up of different exchangers, where the heat transfer must be considered within exchangers and outside exchangers. We propose a mathematical model for the study of the heat conduction into the soil as consequence of the presence of exchangers. Such a problem is formulated and solved with an analytical approach. On the basis of such analytical solution, we propose an optimisation procedure to compute the best position of the exchangers by minimising the adverse effects of neighbouring devices. Some numerical experiments are used to show the effectiveness of the proposed method also by taking into account a reference approximation procedure of the problem based on a finite difference method.

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Cloud-Based Optimal Control of Individual Borehole Heat Exchangers in a Geothermal Field

2022

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Integrating renewable energy sources is a crucial component in reducing CO2 emissions in the building sector. In particular, shallow geothermal energy is expected to play a significant role in the regenerative energy supply of buildings. An effective control strategy for the geothermal field is crucial to reduce the overall energy consumption. This paper analyzes the benefits of controlling an existing field’s individual borehole heat exchangers (BHE) using nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) and moving horizon estimation. The considered geothermal field consists of 41 BHEs and is used for heating and cooling. Each BHE is equipped with temperature sensors for in- and outflow and has individually controllable valves, while a central hydraulic pump feeds all BHEs. The sensor measurements are accessed through a cloud platform, enabling also set point writing for the pump speed and the valve positions. To control the BHEs individually, we propose a two-stage process. In the calibration stage, a moving horizon estimator estimates the actual borehole and ground temperatures for each BHE. In the second stage, first, a nonlinear model predictive controller optimizes the number of active BHEs necessary to meet the buildings’ energy demand. With the estimated ground temperatures as a basis, it is determined which BHEs shall be (de)-activated. The active BHEs are fed with a fixed volume flow of 24 L/min to ensure turbulent heat transfer. To reduce the power usage of the pumps, an optimal control problem based on a simple hydraulic model of the geothermal field is used. The methodology is analyzed through simulations first and then validated experimentally. The results show that half or more of the BHEs could be deactivated most of the time, leading to 67% savings in electricity consumption by the hydraulic pump.The experimental validation confirms the high energy saving potential of the proposed methodology, reducing the consumption of electrical energy by 71%. Additionally, the deactivated BHEs regenerate faster and improve the field’s long-term behavior. In conclusion, the proposed strategy improves the short and long-term performance of the geothermal field.

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Automatic Optimization of Multiple Borehole Heat Exchanger Fields

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Modeling of thermal processes in vertical heat exchangers of ground-source heat pump

Modeling of thermal processes in vertical heat exchangers of ground-source heat pump

Inverse heat conduction to model and optimise a geothermal field

Cloud-Based Optimal Control of Individual Borehole Heat Exchangers in a Geothermal Field

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