Automatic spread of attentional response modulation along Gestalt criteria in primary visual cortex

Wannig, Aurel; Stănişor, Liviu; Roelfsema, Pieter R.

doi:10.1038/nn.2910

Cited by 122 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In addition to motion, feature-based attention has been found in several other feature dimensions, including spatial frequency, orientation, and color, and the attentional effects have been demonstrated in both physiological and psychophysical studies (e.g., Arman, Ciaramitaro, & Boynton, 2006;Liu, Larsson, & Carrasco, 2007;Roelfsema, Khayat, & Spekreijse, 2003;Rossi & Paradiso, 1995;Sàenz, Buračas, & Boynton, 2002Shulman & Wilson, 1987;White & Carrasco, 2011). Although feature-based attentional effects can contribute to object-based effects and vice versa under certain experimental conditions, these two types of effects can be dissociated (see Wannig et al, 2011). Whereas feature-based attentional effects are not limited to a perceptual object or group, object-based attentional effects are confined to the attended object or perceptual group.…”

Section: Object-based Attentional Selection and Three Commonly Used Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, the strongest physiological evidence supporting the within-group spread of attention has come from several recent studies by Roelfsema and colleagues (e.g., Roelfsema & Houtkamp, 2011;Wannig, Stanisor, & Roelfsema, 2011). In one experiment by Wannig et al (2011), monkeys were shown displays that consisted of two target bars and two distractor bars.…”

Section: Mechanisms That Give Rise To Object Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In one experiment by Wannig et al (2011), monkeys were shown displays that consisted of two target bars and two distractor bars. The task was to fixate on a fixation point, to wait for a dot to appear at one of the target bars, and upon the offset of the dot, to make a saccade to the indicated target bar.…”

Section: Mechanisms That Give Rise To Object Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Object-based attention: A tutorial review

Chen

2012

Atten Percept Psychophys

198

162

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This tutorial provides a selective review of research on object-based deployment of attention. It focuses primarily on behavioral studies with human observers. The tutorial is divided into five sections. It starts with an introduction to object-based attention and a description of the three commonly used experimental paradigms in objectbased attention research. These are followed by a review of a variety of manifestations of object effects and the factors that influence object segmentation. The final two sections are devoted to two key issues in object-based research: the mechanisms that give rise to the object effects and the role of space in object-based selection.

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Section: Object-based Attentional Selection and Three Commonly Used Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanisms That Give Rise To Object Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Object-based attention: A tutorial review

Chen

2012

Atten Percept Psychophys

198

162

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“…Such intracortical circuitry in V1 has been implemented in many computational models to account for the successful process of contour integration (11)(12)(13). Although many lines of converging evidence suggest that V1 is intimately involved in contour integration, circuitbased models have to take into account the findings that contour grouping is more than a bottom-up or hard-wired process, but that it is strongly dependent on top-down feedback influences (5,(14)(15)(16)(17). Surface segmentation, another important intermediate stage in processing of visual images, is also mediated by interactions between feedforward and feedback connections (18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between feedback and lateral connections in the primary visual cortex

Liang

Gong

Chen

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

102

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Perceptual grouping of line segments into object contours has been thought to be mediated, in part, by long-range horizontal connectivity intrinsic to the primary visual cortex (V1), with a contribution by top-down feedback projections. To dissect the contributions of intraareal and interareal connections during contour integration, we applied conditional Granger causality analysis to assess directional influences among neural signals simultaneously recorded from visual cortical areas V1 and V4 of monkeys performing a contour detection task. Our results showed that discounting the influences from V4 markedly reduced V1 lateral interactions, indicating dependence on feedback signals of the effective connectivity within V1. On the other hand, the feedback influences were reciprocally dependent on V1 lateral interactions because the modulation strengths from V4 to V1 were greatly reduced after discounting the influences from other V1 neurons. Our findings suggest that feedback and lateral connections closely interact to mediate image grouping and segmentation.perceptual grouping | contour integration | Granger causality | horizontal connection | feedback connection A key step in the visual system's analysis of object shape is to group line segments into global contours and segregate these contours from background features. This process is critical to identifying object boundaries in complex visual scenes, and thus particularly important for performing shape discrimination; image segmentation; and, ultimately, object recognition.Contour integration follows the Gestalt principle of good continuation (1). The underlying neural underpinnings have been characterized as an association field (2), which links contour elements that are part of smooth contours. Neurophysiological studies in monkeys have identified that the primary visual cortex (V1) makes a fundamental contribution to contour integration (3-6), and anatomical studies have shown that the topology of horizontal connections in V1 is well suited for mediating interactions between neurons with a similar orientation preference (7-10). Such intracortical circuitry in V1 has been implemented in many computational models to account for the successful process of contour integration (11-13). Although many lines of converging evidence suggest that V1 is intimately involved in contour integration, circuitbased models have to take into account the findings that contour grouping is more than a bottom-up or hard-wired process, but that it is strongly dependent on top-down feedback influences (5, 14-17). Surface segmentation, another important intermediate stage in processing of visual images, is also mediated by interactions between feedforward and feedback connections (18).We have proposed a model whereby cortical feedback contributes to the effective connectivity of horizontal connections within V1 (13,19). A possible role of higher cortical areas in this process is to disambiguate local image components by creating a template that is fed back to V1, which then can select...

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“…This is not an unlikely explanation because there is considerable evidence that, while related, attention is a process distinct from awareness (Kentridge et al 1999;Lamme 2003;Koch and Tsuchiya 2007;Bahrami et al 2008aBahrami et al , 2008bZhaoping 2008). Further, the spread of attentional responses in V1 is determined by Gestalt principles (Wannig et al 2011). The extent to which processing of illusory contours occurs without awareness thus still remains a question to be resolved by future research.…”

Section: Unconscious Perceptual Organisationmentioning

confidence: 98%