Automation of Daily Tasks Necessary for the Management of a Large Satellite Constellation

Space Cyber Threats and Need for Enhanced Resilience of Space Assets

“…Since the start of the twenty-first century, an increase in CPU power has enabled the addition of programmable capabilities to on-board satellite sub-systems (Iovanov et al, 2003). A growing number of satellites are being equip with on-board systems that resemble a standard personal at home computer (Ben-Larbi et al, 2020, p. 12).…”

Empirical Validation of Design Principles for Survivable System Architecture

“…This research and related analyses [26] have concluded that the Iridium communications service is robust to node removal. For example, even with 36 of the 66 spacecraft removed, the system is still functional (i.e., packet delays do not exceed 178 milliseconds, well within an emergency value threshold of 400 ft) X sustains 9-g turns X X X two-tone grey camouflage (standard) X tail and wing proximity for enhanced maneuverability X X blended wing fuselage to reduce transonic drag X X X situational awareness data link X autonomous precision targeting (if necessary) X X X X bubble canopy for enhanced visibility X cockpit compatibility with night vision goggles X LANTIRN navigation pod for nighttime operations X modular avionics X X 30 degree seat back angle to increase g tolerance X ACES II ejection seat X buried fuel lines X X fuel inerting system X X X 29,000-pound engine thrust class X X thrust-to-weight ratio >1 X X fly-by-wire system for enhanced responsiveness X negative static stability for enhanced maneuverability X electronic-hydraulic stability augmentation system X fault tolerant control surfaces (aerodynamic redundancy) X X X X ground collision avoidance w/dissimilar-source validation X X X override feature of computer's alpha-limiter X redundant electrical generating and distribution equipment X four sealed-cell batteries for fly-by-wire system X two separate and independent hydraulic systems X X X M61 20-mm six-barrel rotary cannon X X X AIM-9 infrared, beyond-visual range a i r -t o -a i r m i s s i l e s X X X X rocket pods X X X anti-ship missiles X X X AGM-88 anti-radiation missiles X X X standoff precision strike weapo n s To test the baseline set of design principles, survivability features were gathered on the Iridium architecture from the literature [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. In tracing Iridium design features to the design principles, the unit of analysis is the overall communications network.…”