Automobile Damage Scales and the Effect on Injury Analysis

Hight, Philip V.; Fugger, Thomas F.; Marcosky, John

doi:10.4271/920602

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Those methods determine the magnitude of coefficient 𝐛𝐛𝐛𝐛 𝐤𝐤𝐤𝐤 , the nonlinear slope. The precrash velocity 𝐕𝐕𝐕𝐕 𝐭𝐭𝐭𝐭 depends on the deformation coefficient 𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂 𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬 [12,16,21] through this coefficient. The 𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂 𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬 coefficient is used to establish the body deformation, which is an arithmetic average of deformation depth in six control points 𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝐭𝐭𝐭𝐭 𝐭𝐭𝐭𝐭 𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔 [9,10,14].…”

Section: Tensor Product Methods Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precrash vehicle velocity determination using inverse system and tensor product of Legendre polynomials - subcompact car class

Gosławski

Madziara

Droś

et al. 2022

The Archives of Automotive Engineering – Archiwum Motoryzacji

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Presented paper discusses new approach to EES parameter determination in frontal car crash based on the tensor product of Legendre polynomials. In this paper Subcompact Car Class was analyzed using that method. Data that was used to perform analyses introduced in this paper was taken from National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) database. Such database consists of considerate number of test cases along with various information including vehicle mass, crash velocity, chassis deformation etc. New approach to the problem of determining the EES parameter was necessary due to the low accuracy of the currently used methods. Linear models used up till now for accident reconstruction show significant error as the relationship between mass, velocity and deformation cannot be well approximated with a flat plane. Proposed model produces better results, because of the nonlinear dependence of said parameters. This paper also includes a calculation example presenting a comparison of linear and nonlinear method on an actual crash test.

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Section: Tensor Product Methods Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precrash vehicle velocity determination using inverse system and tensor product of Legendre polynomials - subcompact car class

Gosławski

Madziara

Droś

et al. 2022

The Archives of Automotive Engineering – Archiwum Motoryzacji

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“…During impact, if the velocity exceeds 11.5 km h then only plastic deformations occur, and the entire kinetic energy accumulated by the vehicle is transferred to deformation work. The pre-crash velocity V t is a function of stiffness coefficient b k and deformation coefficient C s [12,16,21]. This coefficient is obtained as a weighted average of deformation depth measured in six control points C 1 "to" C 6 [9,10,14], according to the following formula (2): more accurate and that would fully utilize the computing power nowadays and take into consideration the advancements in automotive industry.…”

Section: Tensor Product Methods Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear method of precrash vehicle velocity determination based on tensor product of Legendre polynomials - luxury class

Gosławski

Sys

Mrowicki

et al. 2022

The Archives of Automotive Engineering – Archiwum Motoryzacji

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Presented paper discusses a new, nonlinear approach to EES (Equivalent Energy Speed) parameter determination in frontal car collisions. This method is based on tensor product of Legendre polynomials and in this case considers Luxury car class. Methods that are used up till now are based on a linear dependency between mass, velocity and deformation. This is of course a simplification that was necessary, due to limitation in computation power of computers when this method was introduced decades ago. The contemporary resources allowed Authors to develop a much more sophisticated method. The mathematical model was developed using data shared by National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). This database covers a large number of test cases along with various information including vehicle mass, crash velocity, chassis deformation etc. New method proves to be more accurate than the currently used approach utilizing linear dependency of deformation force and deformation of the vehicle.

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“…Having the values for all points, the overall coefficient of deformation C s [4,8,16,23] can be determined, according to formula (2):…”

Section: Class Minimentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear method of precrash velocity determination for Mini car class-B-spline tensors products with probabilistic weights

Mrowicki

Kubiak

Zakrzewicz

2020

The Archives of Automotive Engineering – Archiwum Motoryzacji

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Following research paper introduces a nonlinear method of determining the velocity of a vehicle before the impact-the Equivalent Energy Speed (EES) for mini car class. To estimate the magnitude of EES, this method utilizes the deformation work Wdef of the vehicle, defined by the quotient of deformation coefficient Cs and plastic deformation. Currently used methods assume linear relationship between velocity, deformation and mass of the vehicle. New approach estimates such relation by means of three dimensional surfaces. Such mathematical model is based on data provided by National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) that covers full frontal collisions with a rigid barrier. Vehicles take part in a standardized collision and are being crashed at a known velocity. Then the deformation is measured in six control points. Method introduces the B-spline tensor products and least square approximation with probabilistic weights that shows promising results. Linear approach generates relative error of 18.2% whereas the nonlinear approach reduces it down to 11.2%.

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Automobile Damage Scales and the Effect on Injury Analysis

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Precrash vehicle velocity determination using inverse system and tensor product of Legendre polynomials - subcompact car class

Precrash vehicle velocity determination using inverse system and tensor product of Legendre polynomials - subcompact car class

Nonlinear method of precrash vehicle velocity determination based on tensor product of Legendre polynomials - luxury class

Nonlinear method of precrash velocity determination for Mini car class-B-spline tensors products with probabilistic weights

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