Automobile exhaust catalysts

Heck, Ronald M.; Farrauto, Robert J.

doi:10.1016/s0926-860x(01)00818-3

Cited by 625 publications

(318 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Ceria-based materials have been used for many years in automotive emissions control for Oxygen-Storage Capacitance (OSC) [1][2][3] and are finding many new applications as supports for water-gas-shift catalysts [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], supports for reforming catalysts [13,14], and as hydrocarbon oxidation catalysts in diesel emissions [15,16]. In all of these applications, it is likely that the ability of cerium to cycle between Ce +3 and Ce +4 is crucial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation enthalpies for reduction of ceria surfaces

et al. 2007

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The thermodynamic properties of surface ceria were investigated through equilibrium isotherms determined by flow-titration and coulometric-titration measurements on high-surface-area ceria and ceria supported on La-modified alumina (LA). While the surface area of pure ceria was found to be unstable under redox conditions, the extent of reduction at 873 K and a P(O 2 ) of 1.6x10 -26 atm increased with surface area. Because ceria/LA samples were stable, equilibrium isotherms were determined between 873 and 973 K on a 30-wt% ceria sample. Oxidation enthalpies on ceria/LA were found to vary with the extent of reduction, ranging from -500 kJ/mol O 2 at low extents of reduction to near the bulk value of -760 kJ/mol O 2 at higher extents. To determine whether +3 dopants could affect the oxidation enthalpies for ceria, isotherms were measured for Sm +3 -doped ceria (SDC) and Y +3 -doped ceria. These dopants were found to remove the phase transition observed in pure ceria below 973 K but appeared to have minimal effect on the oxidation enthalpies. Implications of these results for catalytic applications of ceria are discussed. AbstractThe thermodynamic properties of surface ceria were investigated through equilibrium isotherms determined by flow-titration and coulometric-titration measurements on high-surfacearea ceria and ceria supported on La-modified alumina (LA). While the surface area of pure ceria was found to be unstable under redox conditions, the extent of reduction at 873 K and a P(O 2 ) of 1.6x10 -26 atm increased with surface area. Because ceria/LA samples were stable, equilibrium isotherms were determined between 873 and 973 K on a 30-wt% ceria sample. Oxidation enthalpies on ceria/LA were found to vary with the extent of reduction, ranging from -500 kJ/mol O 2 at low extents of reduction to near the bulk value of -760 kJ/mol O 2 at higher extents.To determine whether +3 dopants could affect the oxidation enthalpies for ceria, isotherms were measured for Sm +3 -doped ceria (SDC) and Y +3 -doped ceria. These dopants were found to remove the phase transition observed in pure ceria below 973 K but appeared to have minimal effect on the oxidation enthalpies. Implications of these results for catalytic applications of ceria are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation enthalpies for reduction of ceria surfaces

et al. 2007

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“…In addition, Mobile sources contribute for about 44% of outdoor toxic emissions, approximately 50% of cancer risk and at around 74% of non-cancer risk health problems. The technology for removing pollutants in the exhaust system is catalytic converter that first developed in 1965 [1,2]. The location of the catalytic converter in the car is shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion and Bonding Mechanism of Protective γ-Al₂O₃on FeCrAl Foil for Metallic Three-Way Catalytic Converter

et al. 2016

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Abstract. High pollutant level contributed by mobile sources/land transportation that become main problems for the human health. Improving exhaust emission system by improving catalytic converter properties is one of the most effective way to produce healthy air in our environment. It is conducted by two methods i.e. ultrasonic during electroplating (UBDEL) and electroplating process (EL) which are not fully investigated yet as catalytic converter coating process. UBDEL is conducted using sulphamate types electrolyte solution,

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“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] The global demand for Pt in 2010 was 220 tons, of which approximately 170 tons was supplied from mines and 50 tons was supplied from recycled materials. [5] Since PGMs are generally associated with nickel-copper sulfide in magmatic rocks, PGMs are produced along with nickel and copper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Dissolution of Platinum by Using Chloride Salts in Recovery Process

Horike

Morita

Okabe

2012

Metall Mater Trans B

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Platinum (Pt) is typically recovered by employing dissolution processes in aqueous solutions; however, these processes require a long processing time and considerable quantities of acids with strong oxidants owing to the high chemical stability of Pt. In order to develop an efficient dissolution process, we studied chlorination treatments for Pt prior to dissolution. Chlorination was carried out at 673 K to 873 K (400°C to 600°C) using copper(II) chloride (CuCl 2 ) as a chlorine source. While pure Pt was insoluble in hydrochloric acid (HCl(aq)), the entire Pt component of the treated sample dissolved in HCl(aq) under certain conditions. Therefore, the proposed method can be used as a new, environmental friendly Pt recovery process.

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Automobile exhaust catalysts

Cited by 625 publications

References 53 publications

Oxidation enthalpies for reduction of ceria surfaces

Oxidation enthalpies for reduction of ceria surfaces

Diffusion and Bonding Mechanism of Protective γ-Al₂O₃on FeCrAl Foil for Metallic Three-Way Catalytic Converter

Effective Dissolution of Platinum by Using Chloride Salts in Recovery Process

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Automobile exhaust catalysts

Cited by 625 publications

References 53 publications

Oxidation enthalpies for reduction of ceria surfaces

Oxidation enthalpies for reduction of ceria surfaces

Diffusion and Bonding Mechanism of Protective γ-Al2O3on FeCrAl Foil for Metallic Three-Way Catalytic Converter

Effective Dissolution of Platinum by Using Chloride Salts in Recovery Process

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Diffusion and Bonding Mechanism of Protective γ-Al₂O₃on FeCrAl Foil for Metallic Three-Way Catalytic Converter