Automotive side glazing failure due to simulated human interaction

Herndon, G. Grant; Allen, Kerry; Roberts, Alex; Phillips, Donald R.; Batzer, Stephen A.

doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2006.11.070

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…In recent years, investigations on mechanical properties of PVB laminated glass have been thoroughly conducted, ranging from quasi-static mechanical properties [1][2][3][4] to dynamic impact response [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. In general, the impact test in accordance with its impact velocity can be divided into three categories, that is, low-speed drop-weight test [11][12][13], high-speed impact test with air gun [3,14,15], and explosion shock wave impact test [6,9,10,16], where low-speed drop-weight test is one of the most widely used testing methods to evaluate the material critical failure conditions and its fracture mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on Dynamic Propagation Characteristics of In-Plane Cracks in PVB Laminated Glass Plates

Xu¹,

Liu²,

2016

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) laminated glass has been widely used as an important component of mechanical and construction materials. Cracks on PVB laminated glass are rich in impact information, which contribute to its impact resistance design. In this paper, a three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulation model describing PVB laminated glass under impact loading is firstly established and validated qualitatively and quantitatively compared with the corresponding experimental results recorded by the high-speed photography system. In the meantime, the extended finite element method (XFEM) is introduced to analyze the crack propagation mechanism of laminated glass based on dynamic stress intensity factors (DSIFs) and propagations of stress waves. Parametric studies are then carried out to investigate the influence of five critical parameters, that is, plate dimension, crack length, impact energy, glass properties, and PVB properties, on crack propagation characteristics of laminated glass. Results show that the interaction between crack tip and stress waves as well as the propagations of stress waves corresponds to the fluctuations of DSIFs at crack tip. Both the structure and material variables are proven to play a very important role in glass cracking DSIFs and thus govern the crack propagation behavior. Results may provide fundamental explanation to the basic crack propagation mechanism on radial cracks in PVB laminated glass under impact loading conditions, thus to instruct its impact design improvement.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on Dynamic Propagation Characteristics of In-Plane Cracks in PVB Laminated Glass Plates

Xu¹,

Liu²,

2016

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…Günümüzde cam kullanımına örnekler [10][11][12][13][14] Otomobillerde cam kullanımı, yeni üretilen camlardaki yüksek mukavemete, yeni üretim tekniklerine ve yeni teknolojilere bağlı olarak her geçen gün artmaktadır. Eski otomobillerde cam yalnızca ön, arka ve yan kısımlarda kullanılmışken, günümüzde cam tavanlar, gösterge panelleri, ekranlar ve mukavemetli bazı parçalarda kendilerine yer edinmişlerdir [15][16]. Gösterge panelleri ve farlarda organik camlar, ekranlarda ileri teknoloji camlar göze çarpmaktadır (Şekil 3).…”

Section: şEkil 1 Eski çAğlarda Cam üRetimi [3]unclassified

Otomotiv Sektöründe Cam

Karadağ¹,

Vural²,

Karasu³

2019

El-Cezeri Fen Ve Mühendislik Dergisi

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Otomotiv endüstrisi geçtiğimiz yüzyıl boyunca önemli ve kayda değer gelişim sergileyerek günümüzde insan hayatının en vazgeçilmez öğelerinden biri haline gelmiştir. Başlangıçta sürücü ve yolcuları dış ortamın etkilerinden korumak için kullanılan camın birçok araştırmanın konusu haline gelmesi ile özellikleri değiştirilmiş ve bu sayede uygulama alanları genişletilmiştir. Ayrıca, üretim teknolojilerinin de izin vermesi ile birlikte camsı karakterde farklı malzemeler de otomotiv endüstrisinin bileşenleri arasına girmiştir. Mevcut çalışmada camın ve camsı malzemelerin geçmişten bugüne otomotiv endüstrisindeki yeri incelenmiş, çeşitli uygulama ve geliştirme çalışmalarından örnekler sunulmuştur.

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“…PolyVinyl Butyral (PVB), a typical polymer material, is the prior choice of the interlayer material in laminated windshield with its excellent optical clarity, adhesive property, toughness, and flexibility [4][5][6]. Open literatures have pointed out that an effective way to reduce the head injury is to enhance the protection of the laminated windshield [7,8]. On the other hand, it is of great need to design and build ultrastrong laminated glass panels in architecture such to maintain integrity subject to impact or blast.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, Callewaert et al 's [16] study focused on the viscoelasticity of the interlayer material of laminated glass, that is, PVB and SentryGlas (SG). Creep and relaxation tests in different temperatures are carried out, and it is proved that interlayer material has a major influence on the overall mechanical behavior of laminated glass [7]. However, Current research on PVB material are not available in terms of the systematic viscoelasticity behavior, while time and temperature effect on PVB's constitutive model is lack of consideration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constitutive Investigation on Viscoelasticity of PolyVinyl Butyral: Experiments Based on Dynamic Mechanical Analysis Method

Liu

2014

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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PolyVinyl Butyral (PVB) film is now widely used in automotive industry and architectures serving as the protective interlayer. The dynamic modulus of PVB is measured through systematic experiments based on Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) method at various temperatures, heating rates, and vibration frequencies. Further, viscoelasticity of PVB influenced by time and temperature is systematically studied. Fitted empirical formulas describing the relationship between glass transition temperature and frequency, as well as the heating rate of PVB, are established. The master curve of PVB at 293 K is suggested based on the experiment data as to express the dynamic modulus variation at various frequencies in a wider range. Constitutive behavior of PVB is then analyzed based on Generalized Maxwell (GM) model and Fractional Derivative (FD) model, respectively. It is shown that PVB has higher efficiency of energy dissipation in its high energy absorption state, while both fifth-order GM model and FD model can characterize the viscoelasticity of PVB at glassy transition area. Results may offer useful fundamental experimental data and important constitutive characteristics of PVB and shed lights on further studies on viscoelasticity behavior of PVB and energy mitigation ability of laminated glass.

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Automotive side glazing failure due to simulated human interaction

Cited by 13 publications

References 1 publication

Investigation on Dynamic Propagation Characteristics of In-Plane Cracks in PVB Laminated Glass Plates

Investigation on Dynamic Propagation Characteristics of In-Plane Cracks in PVB Laminated Glass Plates

Otomotiv Sektöründe Cam

Constitutive Investigation on Viscoelasticity of PolyVinyl Butyral: Experiments Based on Dynamic Mechanical Analysis Method

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