Available benthic habitat type may influence predation risk in larval lampreys

Smith, Dustin M.; Welsh, Stuart A.; Turk, Philip

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0633.2011.00532.x

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Generally, larger ammocoetes burrowed faster in both coarse‐grain sand (0.39–2.0 mm) and fine‐grain sand (0.25–0.49 mm) compared to small larvae, which spent significantly more time and stopped more frequently before completion. At the same time, as particle sizes become very small, such as in silt or clay, ammocoetes have been shown to spend more time swimming in the water column and their burrows were shallower compared to those exposed to a mixture of fine sand and silt, according to Smith et al . In addition, the researchers found that predation on ammocoetes was highest in silt/clay sediments compared to fine sand and gravels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Additional observations of ammocoetes exposed to GA2 sediment indicated that they attempted to burrow several times and were lying on top of the sediment and appeared to be “coughing,” expelling the sediment in a cloud around their heads. These findings suggested that, in addition to contaminant exposure, protracted burrowing response in areas of contaminated sediments may put larval lampreys at greater risk of predation .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In an acute 96‐h water‐only exposure toxicity study, Pacific lamprey ammocoetes were relatively insensitive to the compounds tested with the exception of pentachlorophenol at a concentration of 31 μg/L, to which lampreys were more sensitive than other fish species, based on 50% lethal concentration values . In addition, when adult Pacific lampreys were exposed to the pesticide Alizarin it was found to reduce their behavioral response to the effluent of their conspecifics, which could affect their ability to detect reproductive pheromones (A.G. Smith, , Master's thesis, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA). We are not aware of any studies that have tested the effects of pesticides on larval lamprey olfaction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) ammocoetes exposed to contaminated Portland Harbor sediments: Method development and effects on survival, growth, and behavior

Unrein

Morris

Chitwood

et al. 2016

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Many anthropogenic disturbances have contributed to the decline of Pacific lampreys (Entosphenus tridentatus), but potential negative effects of contaminants on lampreys are unclear. Lamprey ammocoetes are the only detritivorous fish in the lower Willamette River, Oregon, USA, and have been observed in Portland Harbor sediments. Their long benthic larval stage places them at risk from the effects of contaminated sediment. The authors developed experimental methods to assess the effects of contaminated sediment on the growth and behavior of field-collected ammocoetes reared in a laboratory. Specifically, they developed methods to assess individual growth and burrowing behavior. Burrowing performance demonstrated high variability among contaminated sediments; however, ammocoetes presented with noncontaminated reference sediment initiated burrowing more rapidly and completed it faster. Ammocoete reemergence from contaminated sediments suggests avoidance of some chemical compounds. The authors conducted long-term exposure experiments on individually held ammocoetes using sediment collected from their native Siletz River, which included the following: contaminated sediments collected from 9 sites within Portland Harbor, 2 uncontaminated reference sediments collected upstream, 1 uncontaminated sediment with characteristics similar to Portland Harbor sediments, and clean sand. They determined that a 24-h depuration period was sufficient to evaluate weight changes and observed no mortality or growth effects in fish exposed to any of the contaminated sediments. However, the effect on burrowing behavior appeared to be a sensitive endpoint, with potentially significant implications for predator avoidance. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2092-2102. © 2016 SETAC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) ammocoetes exposed to contaminated Portland Harbor sediments: Method development and effects on survival, growth, and behavior

Unrein

Morris

Chitwood

et al. 2016

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…The distribution of benthic fishes is strongly related to the availability of shelter (Welton et al, 1991;Prenda et al, 1997b;Fischer, 2000b;Copp & Vilizzi, 2004). Therefore, restricted distribution of E. mariae ammocoetes to shallow areas in the Pilica River could also result from the avoidance of predation by larger fishes (Smith et al, 2012), which occupy deeper places in rivers (Harvey & Stewart, 1991;Copp & Jurajda, 1999). Levin & Holčík (2006) found that E. mariae was consumed by the European chub Squalius cephalus (L. 1758) at least during the E. mariae spawning season.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat preferences of Ukrainian brook lamprey Eudontomyzon mariae ammocoetes in the lowland rivers of Central Europe

Jażdżewski

Marszał

Przybylski

2015

Journal of Fish Biology

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The pattern of microhabitat preferences of Ukrainian brook lamprey Eudontomyzon mariae ammocoetes was examined in two rivers of central Poland: the Pilica River (the Vistula River basin) and the Grabia River (the Odra River basin). A comparison of abiotic factors of the rivers revealed differences in water speed and principal components: PC1 (determining gradient from decreasing medium sand to the increasing share of three fractions of gravel), PC2 (a gradient from the declining share of very coarse and coarse sand fractions to the growing content of fine sand) and PC3 (correlated with an increasing proportion of silt). The sites did not differ significantly in terms of water depth. Relative abundance and frequency of ammocoete occurrence in the Grabia River were higher than in the Pilica River. Only speed, PC1 and PC2 made a significant contribution to the prediction of larval occurrence. Eudontomyzon mariae larvae preferred substrata with a reduced amount of medium sand and increased content of gravel (PC1) as well as with a lower content of coarse sand and higher proportion of fine-grained sand (PC2). The ammocoetes also preferred areas with a water speed of 0·2 m s(-1) but avoided speeds ≥ 0·6 m s(-1). The abundance of E. mariae was affected by water speed, as well as by all PCs. The mean ± s.e. optimal current speed was 0·265 ± 0·007 m s(-1), while abundance decreased with increasing amounts of gravel (PC1) and increased with increasing amounts of fine sand and silt in the bottom substratum (PC2 and PC3). Comparison of ammocoete microhabitat use in the Pilica and Grabia Rivers showed the lack of differences in distribution in the preferred values of current speed, PC1 and PC2.

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“…Substrata in aquatic environments are crucial habitats that larval fish species use for cover. The amount and distribution of habitat used for cover can increase predation risk for larval fishes ( e.g., substratum type; Gadomski & Parsley, ; McAdam, ; Smith et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Molecular diet analysis reveals predator–prey community dynamics and environmental factors affecting predation of larval lake sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens in a natural system

Waraniak

Baker

Scribner

2018

Journal of Fish Biology

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This study utilized molecular tools to quantify the prevalence of predation during the vulnerable drifting larval life-history stage of lake sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens. How predators, the co-distributed prey community and abiotic environmental conditions (e.g., stream substrata) affected predation levels was quantified. Nightly D-frame drift net surveys were used to estimate the biomass of A. fulvescens and co-distributed prey. Gastrointestinal diet samples (n = 1,140) from 28 species of potential fish predators were collected during electrofishing surveys. Sampling was conducted for 17 days across 2015 and 2016. Based on DNA barcode analysis using sturgeon-specific mtDNA cytochrome oxidase I primers, A. fulvescens DNA was detected in 73 of 1,140 diet samples (6.40%) from 16 of the 28 predator species examined. A logistic regression model was used to analyse the effects of biotic and abiotic variables associated with the likelihood a predator had consumed larval A. fulvescens. Increasing lunar illumination and biomass of larval A. fulvescens increased predation rates on larval A. fulvescens. Higher discharge and greater biomass and proportions of alternative prey decreased predation rates of larval A. fulvescens. Predation rates were slightly higher in habitats with sand substrata. Most predator species preyed upon larval A. fulvescens at similar rates. The study revealed considerably higher incidence of predation on larval A. fulvescens than previous studies had documented using traditional morphological diet analysis. Co-distributed prey and abiotic environmental variables that affected the predation rates of a species of regional conservation concern can inform future management actions.

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Available benthic habitat type may influence predation risk in larval lampreys

Cited by 19 publications

References 11 publications

Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) ammocoetes exposed to contaminated Portland Harbor sediments: Method development and effects on survival, growth, and behavior

Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) ammocoetes exposed to contaminated Portland Harbor sediments: Method development and effects on survival, growth, and behavior

Habitat preferences of Ukrainian brook lamprey Eudontomyzon mariae ammocoetes in the lowland rivers of Central Europe

Molecular diet analysis reveals predator–prey community dynamics and environmental factors affecting predation of larval lake sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens in a natural system

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