Avaliação audiológica, eletroacústica e eletrofisiológica da audição em adultos com HIV/AIDS

Estudo da função auditiva em indivíduos com HIV/AIDS submetidos e não submetidos à terapia antirretroviral

“…The obtained results confirmed one study in which the author, to characterize the results of audiologic assessment in children and adults with HIV/AIDS, observed higher occurrence of conductive hearing loss in children (92.9% of the cases), whereas in the adult population there was higher occurrence of sensorineural hearing loss (44.4% of the cases) (26) . Upon comparing the subjects with HIV/AIDS submitted and not submitted to antiretroviral therapy, the data observed in the present study showed that there were no differences in occurrence of hearing loss in these two groups, confirming the results of some specific studies in the area (14,19,20) , and disagreeing with other studies that correlated the use of antiretroviral medication with higher occurrence of hearing impairment (5,9,(15)(16)(17)(18)21) . Considering the data found in the present study, we could observe that sensorineural hearing loss was associated with the presence of HIV virus and its adverse effects in the infected subject, in agreement with other studies published in the literature (10)(11)(12)14,24,25) .…”

“…It is important to emphasize that the existing abnormalities may occur due to the action of the virus upon the body, the immunosuppression and presence of opportunistic infections, as well as the action of antiretroviral medication and potentially ototoxic medication (5,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)24) . The specialized literature has shown widely diversified results concerning the occurrence of hearing loss in the population with HIV/AIDS.…”

“…The specialized literature has shown widely diversified results concerning the occurrence of hearing loss in the population with HIV/AIDS. Some studies refer that approximately 21 to 49% of the subjects with HIV/AIDS may present hearing loss (1,(9)(10)(11)(12)21) . The findings presented in our study have shown that for CPTA the results were less expressive than in previously described studies, but the presence of HIV seems to have interfered in the results, as there was higher occurrence of abnormal results in groups when RGI and RGII when compared to CG (Table 2).…”

“…Many different studies in the literature refer that the most frequently observed type of hearing loss in HIV/AIDS adults is sensorineural (5,14,21,24) , followed by conductive hearing loss (21) , and that the impairment is normally bilateral and progressive (2,9,15) . Concerning middle ear impairment, and consequently, presence of conductive or mixed hearing loss, some studies report that this impairment would result from immunosuppression, which favors the presence of opportunistic infections (25) .…”

“…Even though medications are necessary and essential to many patients, providing significant improvements and increase in survival (7) , there are reports in the literature that discuss their adverse effects (8,9) . The involvement of the inner ear, resulting from the action of HIV virus, is mentioned in studies with AIDS patients (10)(11)(12)(13)(14) , which also applies to auditory disorders resulting from use of antiretroviral treatment and ototoxic medication (9,(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21) , which may lead to sensorineural hearing loss and, consequently, irreversible inner ear damage.…”