Avaliação clínica do uso de solução salina hipertônica no tratamento da acidose láctica ruminal aguda em bovinos

Abstract

ResumoA infusão de solução salina hipertônica (SSH) é um importante tratamento em animais com choque hipovolêmico. Bovinos com acidose láctica ruminal aguda (ALRA) frequentemente apresentam quadros de desidratação. Este trabalho avaliou a eficiência do tratamento da ALRA com SSH. Foram empregados 12 bovinos machos, mestiços com um ano de idade. Após implantação de cânula ruminal e período de adaptação alimentar os animais foram submetidos à indução de ALRA por meio de administração de sacarose no rúmen. Após 20 horas da indução, os animais foram aleatoriamente divididos em dois grupos. Um deles (SSH) foi tratado na 20ª h com 5 mL/kg P.V. de uma solução de SSH (7,5 % NaCl), dentro de 15 min, e em seguida 20 mL/kg/P.V. de solução salina isotônica (SSI), no decorrer dos próximos 165 minutos. O outro grupo (SSI) foi medicado da mesma forma, com exceção da SSH que foi substituído por 5 mL/kg PV de SSI. Cinco litros de conteúdo ruminal foram retirados, sendo repostos com cinco litros de água em ambos os grupos. Variáveis foram mensuradas no momento 0 (MO), na 20ª h (M20h) e no decorrer dos tratamentos (M30´, M60´, M120´ e M180´). O uso de SSH provocou, nos primeiros 30 minutos, uma ligeira acidemia, acompanhada de discreta hipercapnia, contudo sem provocar efeitos colaterais. A infusão de SSH provocou uma queda no volume globular, confirmando a migração de fluidos do rúmen para a circulação, corrigindo parcialmente a desidratação. Assim, o uso de SSH é uma possibilidade de tratamento adicional da desidratação provocada pela ALRA. Palavras-chave:Hipertônica. Desidratação. Acidose. Láctica. Ruminal. Bovinos. AbstractHypertonic saline solution (HSS) is known as an important treatment for hypovolemic shock. Cattle with acute rumen lactic acidosis (ARLA) usually present different degrees of dehydration. This study evaluated the efficiency of HSS for treatment of ARLA. Twelve yearling, cross-bred, male cattle were used. After an adaptation period, when a rumen cannula was implanted, the animals were submitted to an induction of ARLA by the administration of sucrose into the rumen. Twenty hours later the cattle were randomly divided in two groups. The 1 st group was treated with 5 mL/kg BW with 7.5 % (NaCl), within 15 min after 20 th h of the induction; thereafter it was infused 20 mL/ kg BW of isotonic saline solution (ISS) for the next 165 min. The 2 nd group was treated only with ISS. Five liters of ruminal contents were removed and replaced with five liters of water in both groups. Variables were measured at time 0 (MO), 20 h (M20h) and throughout the treatment (M30´, M60´, M120´ e M180´). The use of HSS caused a mild acidemia followed by a discrete hypercapnia. No side effects were seen in cattle treated with HSS. Infusion of HSS decreased the globular volume indicating a passage of fluids from the rumen into the bloodstream, correcting partially the dehydration. The use of HHS is a possible additional treatment for correction of dehydration caused by ARLA.

Effects of sudden melon intake on ruminal parameters of non-adapted sheep

“…Sampling of ruminal content was conducted at six times: immediately before administering melon (baseline; T0) and at 3 hours (T3h), 6 hours (T6h), 12 hours (T12h), 18 hours (T18h) and 24 hours (T24h) after supplementation. Due to animal welfare, after 24 hours of the experiment all sheep that presented signs of illness were treated according to the protocol described by Rodrigues et al (2011). The rationale for testing the effects of 25% and 75% supplementation was to simulate how this fruit is used by local farmers.…”

Clinical evaluation of unadapted sheep submited to sudden intake of melon with high levels of sugar

“…Increasing the pressure in the rumen increases the respiratory rate by decreasing the lung capacity (RADOSTITS et al, 2007). Therefore, tachycardia and tachypnea after the third hour of induction resulted from increased abdominal circumference and increased pressure on the chest after the administration of melon by the cannula, and not from dehydration as in classic cases of ARLA (ORTOLANI et al, 2010;RODRIGUES et al, 2011). The relationship between the sheep abdominal circumference (cm) and the heart rate (bpm) at T0 and T3 (i.e., 3 h) in the two experimental groups.…”

“…In the G75% group, all sheep had the typical clinical picture of acute ruminal lactic acidosis with a ruminal fluid pH less than 5.0 from T6 h until the end of the study. Despite the clinical picture, none of the sheep became dehydrated, which is a frequent change in this disease (ORTOLANI et al, 2010;RODRIGUES et al, 2011;VIEIRA et al, 2006); however, they had intense, temporary diuresis.…”

Prevention of acute ruminal lactic acidosis in sheep by probiotic or monensin supplementation: clinical aspects

“…The mucous membranes become hyperemic and the episcleral vessels become congested. If dehydration becomes severe, a dry muzzle, enophtalmia, low skin temperature at the extremities, oliguria, or anuria is also observed (DIRKSEN et al, 2005;RODRIGUES et al, 2011). The clinical signs observed in sheep are similar to those observed in cattle, although bruxism and muscle fasciculation have been reported in sheep with acidosis (OLIVEIRA et al, 2015b).…”