Avian cytokines and their receptors

Bean, Andrew G.D.; Lowenthal, John W.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818708-1.00024-5

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…The samples were then aligned to the zebra finch reference genome (downloaded from Ensemble) using STAR aligner (https://github.com/alexdobin/STAR), the feature-Counts, Subread R package being used to assign read counts to the genes. Given their low representation in the transcriptomic data, specific inflammatory markers, IL1B, IL6, IL8, IL12B, IL15, IL17B, IL18 and IL22 were selected based on the literature review [67] and their 3 0 annotation available in the Ensemble. In IL6, IL17B and IL22 we did not obtain sufficient read coverage to proceed further with a quantitative analysis.…”

Section: (E) Brain Transcriptomic Gene Expression Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoid receptor 2 evolutionary gene loss makes parrots more susceptible to neuroinflammation

et al. 2022

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In vertebrates, cannabinoids modulate neuroimmune interactions through two cannabinoid receptors (CNRs) conservatively expressed in the brain (CNR1, syn. CB1) and in the periphery (CNR2, syn. CB2). Our comparative genomic analysis indicates several evolutionary losses in the CNR2 gene that is involved in immune regulation. Notably, we show that the CNR2 gene pseudogenized in all parrots (Psittaciformes). This CNR2 gene loss occurred because of chromosomal rearrangements. Our positive selection analysis suggests the absence of any specific molecular adaptations in parrot CNR1 that would compensate for the CNR2 loss in the modulation of the neuroimmune interactions. Using transcriptomic data from the brains of birds with experimentally induced sterile inflammation we highlight possible functional effects of such a CNR2 gene loss. We compare the expression patterns of CNR and neuroinflammatory markers in CNR2 -deficient parrots (represented by the budgerigar, Melopsittacus undulatus and five other parrot species) with CNR2 -intact passerines (represented by the zebra finch, Taeniopygia guttata ). Unlike in passerines, stimulation with lipopolysaccharide resulted in neuroinflammation in the parrots linked with a significant upregulation of expression in proinflammatory cytokines (including interleukin 1 beta ( IL1B ) and 6 ( IL6 )) in the brain. Our results indicate the functional importance of the CNR2 gene loss for increased sensitivity to brain inflammation.

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Section: (E) Brain Transcriptomic Gene Expression Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoid receptor 2 evolutionary gene loss makes parrots more susceptible to neuroinflammation

et al. 2022

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“…A second core element of the immuno-epigeno-metabolic cross talk is metabolic reprogramming [81]. Apart from inflammatory regulating mechanisms, metabolic reprogramming takes place in trained immune cells [82,83]. The Dectin-1-Akt-mTOR-HIF-1α pathway has been found as signal transduction pathway involved in trained innate immunity, whereby Dectin-1 is the receptor for β-glucan molecules [84].…”

Section: ) Metabolic Reprogrammingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, in trained innate immune cells, the metabolic state of mammalian macrophages shifts from the normal oxidative phosphorylation (OXHPOS) route of producing energy towards the more efficient aerobic glycolysis (Figure 6). This shift is known as the "Warburg Effect" [82,83]. This metabolic shift results in increased lactate production [85,88,89].…”

Section: ) Metabolic Reprogrammingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A third core element of the immuno-epigeno-metabolic cross-talk is epigenetic programming. Transcriptional and epigenetic reprogramming form the underlying cause for trained immunity [82,93,94]. Trained immunity, induced by β-glucan, promotes glycolysis, which is the result of increased histone 3 trimethylation of lysine 4 (H3K4me3).…”

Section: ) Epigenetic Programmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This resulted in intestinal inflammatory immune responses and subclinical NE effects in the intestinal tract of chickens. Vice versa, intestinal recovery after a NE challenge is associated with upregulation of TGF-β production and downregulation of IL-1β by inducing Th2 and Th17 cytokine secretion [79][80][81][82]. Therefore, it would be interesting to investigate whether the recovery rate of the capacity of nutrient absorption in the offspring is faster by maternal LPS treatment of broilers in a future study.…”

Section: Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance Of Trained Innate I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trained innate immunity and transgenerational effects in chickens : A conceptual approach of non-genetic inheritability

Verwoolde

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CHAPTER 1 General introduction CHAPTER 2 Transgenerational effects of maternal immune activation on specific antibody responses in layer chickens CHAPTER 3 Training of Primary Chicken Monocytes Results in Enhanced Pro-Inflammatory Responses CHAPTER 4 Innate immune training and metabolic reprogramming in primary monocytes of broiler and laying hens CHAPTER 5 Transgenerational effects of innate immune activation in broiler breeders on growth performance and immune responsiveness CHAPTER 6 General Discussion

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Cardiovascular and Immune Systems

Ritchison

2023

Fascinating Life Sciences

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Avian cytokines and their receptors

Cited by 8 publications

References 173 publications

Cannabinoid receptor 2 evolutionary gene loss makes parrots more susceptible to neuroinflammation

Cannabinoid receptor 2 evolutionary gene loss makes parrots more susceptible to neuroinflammation

Trained innate immunity and transgenerational effects in chickens : A conceptual approach of non-genetic inheritability

Cardiovascular and Immune Systems

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