Avian Restoration in the Prairie-Oak Ecosystem: A Reintroduction Case Study of Western Bluebirds to San Juan Island, Washington

Slater, Gary W.; Altman, Bob

doi:10.3955/046.085.0211

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…On San Juan Island in the 1930s, western bluebird was a "summer resident…common on the south slope of Mt Dallas" (Miller et al 1935:61), and a "somewhat common summer resident" in the early 1960s (Bakus 1965:25). The last known nesting occurred on Lopez Island in 1964 (Lewis and Sharpe 1987), prior to a reintroduction project on San Juan Island initiated in 2007 (Slater and Altman 2011).…”

Section: Western Bluebirdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rescue of declining or extirpated edge of range populations requires a healthy regional population to function as a source population (Holmes andSherry 1988, Telleria andSantos 1999). This is not true for most of our prairie-oak species, although there are some exceptions such as western bluebird (Slater and Altman 2011).…”

Section: Patterns Of Changes In Species Abundance and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Historical and Current Distribution and Populations of Bird Species in Prairie-Oak Habitats in the Pacific Northwest

Altman¹

2011

Northwest Science

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Section: Western Bluebirdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Patterns Of Changes In Species Abundance and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical and Current Distribution and Populations of Bird Species in Prairie-Oak Habitats in the Pacific Northwest

Altman¹

2011

Northwest Science

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“…Ideally, release sites, an important component of reintroduction designs, would provide safe, stable habitats where reintroduced frogs would remain until acclimated (Slater andAltman 2011, Bodinof et al 2012). For R. sierrae, these may be shallower flowing water in perennial streams with fish, and deep pools in the absence of fish and where water is limited.…”

Section: Candidate Streams For Reintroductionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untangling multi‐scale habitat relationships of an endangered frog in streams to inform reintroduction programs

et al. 2021

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Successful reintroductions of endangered species rely on comprehensive knowledge of habitat requirements across spatial and temporal scales. To inform designs of reintroduction programs, we studied habitat selection of the federally endangered Sierra Nevada yellow‐legged frog (Rana sierrae) in streams in its northern range. We quantified multi‐scale habitat use across diverse streams, habitat types within streams, and seasonal flows. In one intermittent stream, we compared habitat selection between wild and captive‐reared frogs that were released as a population augmentation. We analyzed habitat selection of seasonal habitat unit types (e.g., pool, riffle, cascades) and dimensions, and microhabitat hydrology and cover. R. sierrae appeared able to meet its ecological requirements in a variety of habitats. Study streams ranged from third‐order perennial streams to first‐order intermittent headwater creeks. Perennial streams retained a variety of habitats across flows whereas intermittent streams dried to just a few pools. Frogs used all seasonal habitat types but selected deeper pools most often relative to available habitats in intermittent streams and selected riffles or showed no preference in perennial streams. Frogs avoided fast deep‐water microhabitats, but, otherwise, preferred flowing water or deeper water without flow. Our results suggest that diverse streams can be considered candidates for reintroductions. Within intermittent streams, deeper perennial pools may provide more stable release sites, whereas non‐pool habitats may be safer in perennial streams with fish. Importantly, captive‐reared frogs selected similar habitats as wild frogs, suggesting that captivity does not alter habitat selection behaviors post‐release and that reintroduction designs for this species can be based on wild frog preferences. By improving our understanding of how habitat use varies among different types of streams and differs seasonally in response to changing habitat conditions, our results inform the design of effective reintroduction programs for frogs in streams.

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“…Restoration and preservation efforts in this ecosystem have increased in recent decades as more plant and animal species reach protected status. Recent conservation and restoration efforts have included targeted reduction of exotic plants (Wilson & Clark ; Dennehy et al ), reintroducing extirpated species (Lawrence & Kaye ; Slater & Altman ; Clements ), and mimicking historical disturbance regimes (Hamman et al ; Rook et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term effects of prairie restoration on plant community structure and native population dynamics

Trowbridge

Stanley

Kaye³

et al. 2016

Restoration Ecology

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The key to restoring degraded grassland habitats is identifying feasible and effective techniques to reduce the negative impacts of exotic species and promote self‐sustaining native populations. It is often difficult to extend monitoring of restoration efforts to evaluate long‐term success, but doing so is essential to understanding how initial outcomes change over time. To assess how initial treatment effects persist, we revisited degraded patches of Pacific Northwest prairie habitat 6 years after experimental restoration efforts ceased. We evaluated plant community composition to determine the lasting effects of supplemental native seeding and disturbance treatments (burning, mowing, and herbicide to reduce exotic species). We tracked the persistence of seeded species and measured spread of their populations to evaluate suitability of species for restoration and the ability of the habitat to support native plant populations. We found that plots that received supplemental seeding continued to exhibit higher richness of native species than those left unseeded, and that both seeding and disturbance treatments could positively influence native species abundance over the long term. The initially observed effects of disturbance treatments on reducing exotic grass abundance had diminished, highlighting the importance of long‐term monitoring and ongoing control of exotic species. Nevertheless, these treatments significantly influenced the population trajectories of 4 out of 8 seeded native species. There was evidence of spatial advance of most seeded species. Results from extended monitoring confirm that dispersal limitation of native species and difficulties maintaining the reduction of exotic grasses continue to be major barriers to success in restoration of invaded grasslands.

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Avian Restoration in the Prairie-Oak Ecosystem: A Reintroduction Case Study of Western Bluebirds to San Juan Island, Washington

Cited by 10 publications

References 52 publications

Historical and Current Distribution and Populations of Bird Species in Prairie-Oak Habitats in the Pacific Northwest

Historical and Current Distribution and Populations of Bird Species in Prairie-Oak Habitats in the Pacific Northwest

Untangling multi‐scale habitat relationships of an endangered frog in streams to inform reintroduction programs

Long‐term effects of prairie restoration on plant community structure and native population dynamics

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