Avidity determination of IgG directed against tick-borne encephalitis virus improves detection of current infections

Gassmann, Christoph; Bauer, Georg

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9071(199703)51:3<242::aid-jmv17>3.0.co;2-m

Cited by 44 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…On admission to hospital,TBEV-specific IgM antibodies in serum were present in 97% of the patients, but absent in three patients with passive immunization. In these latter patients, ongoing viral infection was identified by determination of the avidity of IgG antibodies directed against TBE virus (data not shown) [25]. CSF findings which support, but do not prove, the diagnosis are pleocytosis -with a predominance of granulocytes -, a moderate impairment of the blood-CSF barrier, and intrathecal synthesis of immunoglobulins, predominantly of IgM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Laboratory Findings in Tick-Borne Encephalitis - Correlation with Clinical Outcome

Kaiser¹,

Holzmann

2000

Infection

118

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Infection with the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) can result in various neurological complications. At present, there are little data available on laboratory findings that might help predict the clinical course and prognosis of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). In the present study 100 patients with TBE were examined in respect to various laboratory parameters potentially characteristic for the disease and indicative for the prognosis in TBE. Pleocytosis, impairment of the blood-CSF barrier and intrathecal synthesis of immunoglobulins (IgM > IgG, IgA) were common findings in most patients. On admission to the hospital, 84% of the patients presented with an intrathecal synthesis of TBEV-specific IgM and/or IgG antibodies in the CSF. At follow-up, intrathecal synthesis of TBEV-specific antibodies was demonstrated in all patients studied within 15 days after the first examination, but changes of CSF parameters did not correlate with the clinical course of disease. In contrast to those with moderate course of disease, patients with severe courses of TBE displayed higher cell counts in the CSF and lower concentrations of neutralizing antibodies in serum, and more frequently revealed an intrathecal synthesis of total IgG. TBE-specific oligoclonal IgG antibodies in the CSF were demonstrated only in three patients with prior, incomplete, vaccination against TBE. The severe course of disease in individual patients with TBE may result from a slow or low production of neutralizing antibodies. In these patients, the more intense damage of the CNS tissue is reflected by higher cell counts in the CSF. At onset of disease the presence of a low concentration of neutralizing antibodies in serum and a high cell count in the CSF might indicate an unfavorable course of TBE.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Laboratory Findings in Tick-Borne Encephalitis - Correlation with Clinical Outcome

Kaiser¹,

Holzmann

2000

Infection

118

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“…Immunoassays are known to be compatible with rapid-prototyping microfluidics 35. Similar to distinguishing binding avidity of RBCs by using shear, plug-based microfluidics may be useful for detecting changes in antibody avidity after virus infection as a function of shear 36-39. It remains to be seen whether this technique can be extended beyond immunoassays to measure aggregation of red blood cells in occlusive vascular diseases 40.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ABO, D Blood Typing and Subtyping Using Plug-Based Microfluidics

et al. 2008

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A plug-based microfluidic approach was used to perform multiple agglutination assays in parallel without cross-contamination and using only microliter volumes of blood. To perform agglutination assays on-chip, a microfluidic device was designed to combine aqueous streams of antibody, buffer, and red blood cells (RBCs) to form droplets 30-40 nL in volume surrounded by a fluorinated carrier fluid. Using this approach, proof-of-concept ABO and D (Rh) blood typing and group A subtyping were successfully performed by screening against multiple antigens without cross-contamination. On-chip subtyping distinguished common A 1 and A 2 RBCs by using a lectinbased dilution assay. This flexible platform was extended to differentiate rare, weakly agglutinating RBCs of A subtypes by analyzing agglutination avidity as a function of shear rate. Quantitative analysis of changes in contrast within plugs revealed subtleties in agglutination kinetics and enabled characterization of agglutination of rare blood subtypes. Finally, this platform was used to detect bacteria, demonstrating the potential usefulness of this assay in detecting sepsis and the potential for applications in agglutination-based viral detection. The speed, control, and minimal sample consumption provided by this technology present an advance for point of care applications, blood typing of newborns, and general blood assays in small model organisms. This paper reports a plug-based microfluidic approach to perform agglutination assays for ABO and D (Rh factor) blood typing and group A subtyping without cross-contamination. This technology also minimizes sample consumption, an important advance for point of care applications, blood typing of newborns, and general blood assays utilizing mice and other model organisms. When antigens on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) are exposed to antibodies for that antigen, agglutination, or clumping, of RBCs occurs. These clumps are also referred to as agglutinins. Agglutination is utilized to determine a patient's blood type by indicating the presence of specific antigens on the patient's RBCs. Solid-phase agglutination gel tests are used for greater than 90% of all ABO and D blood typing in emergency rooms and blood banks. 1 The gel tests require microliters of sample, minutes to perform, and give an automated optical readout of agglutination. 2 In addition, disposable plastic cards for point of care applications, microtiter plates, laminar microfluidics, and now molecular approaches to analyze expression of blood group antigens are also used in simple ABO and D blood typing. 3-6 However, both gel-based and card agglutination assays are performed separately for each blood sample, increasing both labor and sample consumption.

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“…However, the titers of most sera reduced to less than 50% in 5 M urea, which suggested lower avidity than normal matured IgG, because matured antibodies would persist in 6 or 7 M urea. 8,9 Anti-BDV-N IgG had higher avidity than anti-BDV-P IgG. The flexible part of N-terminal of BDV-N 10 is reported to be the most preferred site of epitope, 3 and it is suspected that the flexibility might be the cause of the higher avidity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Isotype analysis of human anti-Borna disease virus antibodies in Japanese psychiatric and general population

Matsunaga

Tanaka

Fukumori

et al. 2008

Journal of Clinical Virology

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Avidity determination of IgG directed against tick-borne encephalitis virus improves detection of current infections

Cited by 44 publications

References 36 publications

Laboratory Findings in Tick-Borne Encephalitis - Correlation with Clinical Outcome

Laboratory Findings in Tick-Borne Encephalitis - Correlation with Clinical Outcome

ABO, D Blood Typing and Subtyping Using Plug-Based Microfluidics

Isotype analysis of human anti-Borna disease virus antibodies in Japanese psychiatric and general population

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