Awareness and prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria: A national pilot cross-sectional study

Eleje, George Uchenna; Rabiu, Ayyuba; Mbachu, Ikechukwu Innocent; Akaba, Godwin O; Loto, Olabisi Morebise; Usman, Hadiza Abdullahi; Fiebai, Preye Owen; Chukwuanukwu, Rebecca Chinyelu; Joe-Ikechebelu, Ngozi Nneka; Nwankwo, Chike Henry; Kalu, Stephen Okoroafor; Onubogu, Chinyere Ukamaka; Ogbuagu, Chukwuanugo Nkemakonam; Chukwurah, Shirley Nneka; Uzochukwu, Chinwe Elizabeth; Inuyomi, Samuel Oluwagbenga; Adesoji, Bukola Abimbola; Ogwaluonye, Uchenna Chukwunonso; Emeka, Ekene Agatha; Egeonu, Richard Obinwanne; Igue, Odion Emmanuel; Jibuaku, Chiamaka Henrietta; Okoro, Ogbonna Dennis; Aja, Prince Ogbonnia; Chidozie, Chiamaka Perpetua; Ibrahim, Hadiza Sani; Aliyu, Fatima Ele; Numan, Aisha Ismaila; Omoruyi, Solace Amechi; Oppah, Ijeoma Chioma; Anyang, Ubong Inyang; Ahmed, Aishat; Umeononihu, Osita Samuel; Umeh, Eric Okechukwu; Nweje, Sussan Ifeyinwa; Ajuba, Ifeoma Clara; Okoro, Chukwuemeka Chukwubuikem; Onwuegbuna, Arinze Anthony; Igbodike, Emeka Philip; Nwaeju, Ifeanyi Kingsley; Yakasai, Ibrahim Adamu; Ezechi, Oliver; Ikechebelu, Joseph Ifeanyichukwu

doi:10.1177/17455065211031718

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A similar study in Central Nigeria also found a high prevalence of 19.5% and this may be due to the exclusion of women who had been vaccinated for HBV from the study (24). Furthermore, this study found a seroprevalence for HCV which is lower than the global prevalence of 8% (25) but higher than the prevalence found in studies done in the USA of 4% (25) and Spain of 0.26% (15) and parts of Africa which ranged from 1.3%-1.6% (11,12,18,26,27). The high prevalence levels of HBV and HCV found in this study may be attributed to low levels of HBV vaccination for HBV, poor awareness of the routes of transmission of hepatitis, low level of education of the women, highly risky sexual behaviours, and rural setting which characterized the environment where this study was conducted.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and C virus infections among pregnant women attending antenatal care in a secondary health facility in Northern Nigeria

Amaike,

Harry,

Afolaranmi

et al. 2023

Babcock Univ. Med. J.

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Objective: Viral hepatitis is a major global public health challenge with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV), particularly leading to chronic diseases in several millions of people together they are the most common cause of liver cirrhosis, liver cancer and deaths related to viral hepatitis. They can be spread by mother-to-child transmission at birth. Despite the significant health burden it places on pregnant women and their infants, the infection has been given little attention in Nigeria and some low- and middle-income countries, and routine screening during antennal care are not done for most pregnant women. This study assessed the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and C viral infections among pregnant women. Methods: The study was cross-sectional involving a three-year retrospective review of laboratory results of the pregnant women who accessed antenatal care in the health facility. Data extraction was done manually from facility registers and analyses were done using IBM SPSS. Results: Laboratory results of HBV and HCV for 706 pregnant women were reviewed. The seroprevalence of HBV and HCV was 11.6% and 6.5% respectively while the seroprevalence of viral hepatitis was 18.1%. Conclusion: The high seroprevalence of viral hepatitis in this study further supports the importance of adopting global best practices to prevent the spread of the infection via mother-to-child transmission. We, therefore, re-emphasize the importance of screening for HBV and HCV as routine investigations in pregnant women.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and C virus infections among pregnant women attending antenatal care in a secondary health facility in Northern Nigeria

Amaike,

Harry,

Afolaranmi

et al. 2023

Babcock Univ. Med. J.

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“… 50 The failure to detect any publication for HCV vertical transmission in Nigeria suggests that there are still research gaps on the area. 51 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…50 The failure to detect any publication for HCV vertical transmission in Nigeria suggests that there are still research gaps on the area. 51 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review of the literature to identify MTCT rates of HIV and HBV among pregnant women and their infant pairs with single, dual, and triplex infections of HIV, HBV, and HCV in Nigeria. We could not identify any previous systematic review on the topic except the one on preventive cascade theory on HIV-AIDS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus among pregnant women with single, dual or triplex infections of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus in Nigeria: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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Objectives: To systematically review literature and identify mother-to-child transmission rates of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus among pregnant women with single, dual, or triplex infections of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus in Nigeria. PRISMA guidelines were employed. Searches were on 19 February 2021 in PubMed, Google Scholar and CINAHL on studies published from 1 February 2001 to 31 January 2021 using keywords: “MTCT,” “dual infection,” “triplex infection,” “HIV,” “HBV,” and “HCV.” Studies that reported mother-to-child transmission rate of at least any of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus among pregnant women and their infant pairs with single, dual, or triplex infections of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus in Nigeria irrespective of publication status or language were eligible. Data were extracted independently by two authors with disagreements resolved by a third author. Meta-analysis was performed using the random effects model of DerSimonian and Laird, to produce summary mother-to-child transmission rates in terms of percentage with 95% confidence interval. Protocol was prospectively registered in PROSPERO: CRD42020202070. The search identified 849 reports. After screening titles and abstracts, 25 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility and 18 were included for meta-analysis. We identified one ongoing study. Pooled mother-to-child transmission rates were 2.74% (95% confidence interval: 2.48%–2.99%; 5863 participants; 15 studies) and 55.49% (95% confidence interval: 35.93%–75.04%; 433 participants; three studies), among mother–infant pairs with mono-infection of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus, respectively, according to meta-analysis. Overall, the studies showed a moderate risk of bias. The pooled rate of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus was 2.74% and hepatitis B virus was 55.49% among mother–infant pairs with mono-infection of HIV and hepatitis B virus, respectively. No data exists on rates of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis C virus on mono-infection or mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus among mother–infant pairs with dual or triplex infection of HIV, hepatitis B virus and HCV in Nigeria.

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“…This lack of awareness not only hampers early detection and timely treatment but also perpetuates the stigma associated with hepatitis C, hindering efforts to combat its spread and improve public health outcomes. It is imperative that concerted efforts be made to bridge this knowledge gap through targeted educational campaigns, community outreach programs, and healthcare provider training, thereby empowering individuals with the necessary information to protect themselves and others from the perils of hepatitis C [10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness of Hepatitis C Among the General Population of Riyadh, KSA, in 2023: A Cross-Sectional Study

Farooqi,

AlGubran,

Abukaram

et al. 2024

Cureus

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BackgroundHepatitis C, a highly contagious viral infection transmitted through blood-to-blood contact, poses a significant threat to public health owing to its potential to induce extensive liver damage, leading to the development of life-threatening conditions such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, commonly known as liver cancer. ObjectiveThis cross-sectional study aims to assess the level of awareness of hepatitis C among the general population in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. MethodologyThe study was conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A national cross-sectional survey was conducted using a predesigned self-administered validated electronic questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed electronically to the general population from April to September 2023. ResultsOut of the 800 participants, most were females (472, 59%), and the largest age group was between 23 and 29 years old (305, 38.1%). Saudi Arabians constituted the highest proportion of participants (609, 76.1%), and most participants were single (437, 54.6%). In terms of occupational status, 288 (36%) worked in occupations not listed. The study found that 463 (57.9%) participants had a low level of awareness about the global prevalence of hepatitis C. Additionally, 489 (61.1%) were aware that hepatitis C can cause both acute and chronic hepatitis, and 441 (55.1%) knew that most infected patients may develop chronic hepatitis. A majority (484, 60.5%) were aware of the importance of washing with soap and water after an accidental needle stick injury. Most participants (574, 71.8%) were aware of the common modes of hepatitis C transmission, such as unsterilized instruments, needle stick injuries, and sharing contaminated needles during drug use. Furthermore, 548 (73%) were aware of the transmission risk through unscreened blood transfusion, and 561 (70.1%) were aware of the higher risk of infection for individuals with multiple sexual partners. ConclusionThe study highlights a low level of awareness among participants regarding the treatment and prevention of hepatitis C. To address the low level of awareness regarding the treatment and prevention of hepatitis C, targeted strategies and interventions are needed. This includes the development and implementation of public awareness campaigns, creation of informative educational materials, specialized training programs for healthcare professionals, establishment of support groups and counseling services for individuals living with hepatitis C, and continued support for research efforts and knowledge dissemination. By increasing awareness about hepatitis C, its treatment, and prevention, we can improve outcomes for individuals affected by the disease and reduce its overall burden on communities.

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Awareness and prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria: A national pilot cross-sectional study

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and C virus infections among pregnant women attending antenatal care in a secondary health facility in Northern Nigeria

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and C virus infections among pregnant women attending antenatal care in a secondary health facility in Northern Nigeria

Mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus among pregnant women with single, dual or triplex infections of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus in Nigeria: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Awareness of Hepatitis C Among the General Population of Riyadh, KSA, in 2023: A Cross-Sectional Study

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