Awareness of HbA1c and Its Relationship With Diabetic Retinopathy Among Adult Diabetic Patients Attending a Tertiary Ophthalmic Center

Sanjay, Srinivasan; Chin, You Chuen; Sun, Yan; Ong, Ee Lin; Eong, Kah Guan Au

doi:10.2337/dc12-1320

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…However according to the study done by Srinivasan Sanjay et al, and Wang S et al, increased awareness was associated with younger age group [4,7]. Our study showed increased awareness with higher levels of literacy which was similar to studies done by Srinivasan Sanjay et al, Wang S et al, Annunziata K et al, and You Chen Chin et al, [1,4,7,8].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Hospital Based Study Regarding Awareness of Association Between Glycosylated Haemoglobin and Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Individuals

Prabhu

Kakhandaki

et al. 2016

JCDR

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…A similar study performed at a tertiary ophthalmic centre in Singapore in the year 2013 by Srinivasan Sanjay et al, concluded that there was greater awareness of HbA1c among the younger age groups and those with higher education levels [7]. Similarly in our study literacy was significantly associated with awareness of HbA1c (p<0.05).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

A Hospital Based Study Regarding Awareness of Association Between Glycosylated Haemoglobin and Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Individuals

Prabhu

Kakhandaki

et al. 2016

JCDR

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“…A study from Singapore stated that having diabetic retinopathy or knowing diabetes could cause blindness was not associated with greater awareness of HbA1c. (11) Almost half of our patients depended on physical symptoms to know that their blood sugar is disturbed. Surprisingly, most of them mentioned light headedness and fatigue as the symptoms they feel, while only three mentioned polyuria and hunger.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

How Aware Diabetic Retinopathy Patients about Diabetes Mellitus

Ghanma¹

2015

JRMS

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Objectives: The aim of this survey was to evaluate how aware diabetic patients about some facts of their chronic disease. Methods: A questionnaire was given to 169 diabetic (Type 2) patients presenting to the retina clinic in King Hussein Medical Center over a period of three months (1st of April 2012 till 1st of July 2012). The questions were read and answered by the patient or read for him by accompanying person or nurse. General information was collected: age, residence, type and duration of treatment. Questions were asked about how they joined the retina clinic, frequency of visits to endocrinologist and ophthalmologist, mode and satisfaction with management and how they check and control their blood sugar level. Results: This study included 169 patients, 58.6% were females and 41.4% were males, with the mean age of 61.9 years. The mean duration of diabetes was 15.9 years and 75% were using insulin. Mean of follow up period was 3.3 years. Ischemic heart disease was found in 21.3% of the patients, 35% were hypertensive, 13.6% were smokers, 11.2% suffer from diabetic foot and 9.5% had renal impairment. Thirty-nine percent were sent to ophthalmologist by the internist, 28% by a general practitioner, 32% advised by non-medical others, and 37% visited the clinic because of ocular/visual complaint. The main factor blamed for diabetic retinal changes was the duration of diabetes. More than half of the patients believed that no other diseases affect the diabetic retinal changes. Less than a quarter of the patients could mention at least one extraocular organ affected by diabetes mellitus. Eighty percent of the patients were compliant to their clinic appointments. More than half depended on symptoms rather than blood test to judge their diabetes mellitus control. Forty-six percent thought they have a controlled diabetes mellitus, 54% of them were satisfied with the laser treatment they received, while only 31% of the uncontrolled diabetes mellitus group were happy with the laser. Only 29% gave an acceptable range of fasting blood sugar when asked about the normal level, while 55.6% did not know about HbA1c. Eating habits were blamed by 55.6% for disturbed blood sugar level, but 28.3% could not find a reason for it. Conclusion: A large proportion of patients were not well educated about their disease. This mandates a national campaign to enlighten diabetics as well as non-diabetics about this prevalent disease, since educating diabetic patients about their chronic disease is mandatory to decrease the severity of complications, postpone or even prevent them.

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“…n = (Zα/2+Zβ) 2 * (p1(1-p1)+p2(1-p2)) / (p1-p2) 2 where Zα/2 is the critical value of the Normal distribution at α/2 (for a confidence level of 95%, α is 0.05 and the critical value is 1.96), Zβ is the critical value of the Normal distribution at β (for a power of 80%, β is 0.2 and the critical value is 0.84) and p1 and p2 are the expected sample proportions of the two groups. (Kept at 70% and 40% respectively based on previous literatures).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2] The proposed HbA1c threshold of 48 mmol/mol (6.5%) from American Diabetes Association produced comparable accuracy for identifying moderate/severe retinopathy. [3] The optimal cut-off points for detecting mild and moderate retinopathy were 6.6%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Poor Glycaemic Control (Hba1c Levels ≥ 7%) and Higher Incidence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Small Group of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Government Hospital, Trichy

Sigamani¹,

Kanagaraj²,

Rajagantham³

2017

jemds

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BACKGROUNDDiabetes mellitus is prevalent worldwide. Lot of research work has been done and published on Diabetes Mellitus and its long-term complications. But studies related to the control of diabetes mellitus and its duration with respect to the onset and severity of its microvascular complications are not widely conducted in India. This study was taken up to study the causal relationship between the control (based on HbA1c levels; HbA1c≥7% is considered as poor glycaemic control) and the onset of complications.

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Awareness of HbA1c and Its Relationship With Diabetic Retinopathy Among Adult Diabetic Patients Attending a Tertiary Ophthalmic Center

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

A Hospital Based Study Regarding Awareness of Association Between Glycosylated Haemoglobin and Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Individuals

A Hospital Based Study Regarding Awareness of Association Between Glycosylated Haemoglobin and Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Individuals

How Aware Diabetic Retinopathy Patients about Diabetes Mellitus

The Association Between Poor Glycaemic Control (Hba1c Levels ≥ 7%) and Higher Incidence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Small Group of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Government Hospital, Trichy

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