Awns reduce grain number to increase grain size and harvestable yield in irrigated and rainfed spring wheat

Rebetzke, G. J.; Bonnett, David; Reynolds, M.P.

doi:10.1093/jxb/erw081

Cited by 113 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 57 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Seed set percentage was estimated as the ratio of number of filled and total spikelets per spike as reported by Rebetzke et al (2016). The harvested plants were separated into shoot (leaves and stems) and spikes.…”

Section: Gas Exchange Biomass and Yield Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the Impact of Heat Stress on Pollen Germination, Seed Set, and Grain Filling in Spring Wheat

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exposure to temperatures ≥30°C during flowering and grain filling stages can negatively affect seed set and seed weight in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The screening of a large set of germplasm under hot wheat growing environments (Indo‐Gangetic Plain in India) led to the identification of promising heat‐tolerant genotypes. The selected set of 28 diverse spring wheat genotypes were exposed to heat stress (34/16°C day/night temperatures) for 10 d during flowering and for 30 d during grain filling to quantify genetic variability in pollen germination, photosynthesis, and yield parameters under controlled‐environment conditions. Pollen grains collected immediately at anthesis (between 0530 and 0630 h) were incubated on liquid in vitro pollen germination media. Averaged across wheat genotypes, a significant reduction in pollen germination (39.9%, P < 0.001) was recorded from plants exposed to heat stress. Heat stress for 10 d during flowering induced significant reduction in seed number (15.4 and 23.0%) and seed weight (32.3 and 34.6%) on main and primary spikes, respectively, compared with the control. Heat stress during grain filling had a more pronounced impact on seed weight (16 and 22%) than seed number (2.7 and 9.3%) in main and primary spikes, respectively. Genotypes KSG025 and KSG1214 with higher seed number, seed weight, and harvest index and appreciable pollen germination under heat stress were identified as candidate donors for simultaneously enhancing flowering and post‐flowering heat tolerance in spring wheat.

show abstract

Section: Gas Exchange Biomass and Yield Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the Impact of Heat Stress on Pollen Germination, Seed Set, and Grain Filling in Spring Wheat

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Using genebank material, Börner et al () showed that accessions from northern and central Europe tend to lack awns, whereas accessions from countries in the Mediterranean basin are more likely to be awned. In addition, Rebetzke et al () showed that, depending on the environment, the presence of awns reduces grain number, but also results in increased grain size. Collectively, this suggests that the presence or absence of awns, in modern cultivars, amounts to climate adaptation or industry and consumer preference, rather than a universal effect of domestication.…”

Section: Other Miscellaneous Genes: Controlling Organs Including Rootmentioning

confidence: 99%

Domestication and crop evolution of wheat and barley: Genes, genomics, and future directions

Haas

Schreiber

Mascher

2019

JIPB

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wheat and barley are two of the founder crops of the agricultural revolution that took place 10,000 years ago in the Fertile Crescent and both crops remain among the world's most important crops. Domestication of these crops from their wild ancestors required the evolution of traits useful to humans, rather than survival in their natural environment. Of these traits, grain retention and threshability, yield improvement, changes to photoperiod sensitivity and nutritional value are most pronounced between wild and domesticated forms. Knowledge about the geographical origins of these crops and the genes responsible for domestication traits largely pre‐dates the era of next‐generation sequencing, although sequencing will lead to new insights. Molecular markers were initially used to calculate distance (relatedness), genetic diversity and to generate genetic maps which were useful in cloning major domestication genes. Both crops are characterized by large, complex genomes which were long thought to be beyond the scope of whole‐genome sequencing. However, advances in sequencing technologies have improved the state of genomic resources for both wheat and barley. The availability of reference genomes for wheat and some of its progenitors, as well as for barley, sets the stage for answering unresolved questions in domestication genomics of wheat and barley.

show abstract

“…In general, awned barley genotypes outyield awnless isogenic lines, especially under warm and dry conditions (Bort et al 1994; Grundbacher 1963; Scharen et al 1983, Rebetzke et al 2016). Within the spike the awns are the main contributors to the photosynthetic activity (Abebe et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine mapping of a major QTL for awn length in barley using a multiparent mapping population

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Key message Awn length was mapped using a multiparent population derived from cv. Morex and four wild accessions. One QTL was fine mapped and candidate genes were identified in NILs by RNA-seq. AbstractBarley awns are photosynthetically active and contribute to grain yield. Awn length is variable among both wild and cultivated barley genotypes and many mutants with alterations in awn length have been identified. Here, we used a multiparent mapping population derived from cv. Morex and four genetically diverse wild barley lines to detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for awn length. Twelve QTLs, distributed over the barley genome, were identified with the most significant one located on chromosome arm 7HL (QTL AL7.1). The effect of AL7.1 was confirmed using near isogenic lines (NILs) and fine-mapped in two independent heterogeneous inbred families to a < 0.9 cM interval. With exception of a small effect on grain width, no other traits such as plant height or flowering time were affected by AL7.1. Variant calling on transcripts obtained from RNA sequencing reads in NILs was used to narrow down the list of candidate genes located in the interval. This data may be used for further characterization and unravelling of the mechanisms underlying natural variation in awn length.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00122-016-2807-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Awns reduce grain number to increase grain size and harvestable yield in irrigated and rainfed spring wheat

Abstract: Awns were linked to larger grain size, improved seedlot quality, and yield in less favourable environments but trade-offs in grain number reduced much of their benefit in more favourable environments.

Cited by 113 publications

References 57 publications

Quantifying the Impact of Heat Stress on Pollen Germination, Seed Set, and Grain Filling in Spring Wheat

Quantifying the Impact of Heat Stress on Pollen Germination, Seed Set, and Grain Filling in Spring Wheat

Domestication and crop evolution of wheat and barley: Genes, genomics, and future directions

Fine mapping of a major QTL for awn length in barley using a multiparent mapping population

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About