Axial Length and Scleral Thickness Effect on Susceptibility to Glaucomatous Damage: A Theoretical Model Implementing Laplace’s Law

Cahane, Michael; Bartov, Elisha

doi:10.1159/000267179

Cited by 82 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Meanwhile, the histopathological changes in myopic eyes also make them more vulnerable to an elevated IOP. The thin scleral wall of long myopic eyes may result in a high scleral tension across the lamina cribrosa and a high shearing force on the vascular and nerve elements [15, 16]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons of Risk Factors and Visual Field Changes between Juvenile-Onset and Late-Onset Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

Liu

Chou

et al. 2002

Ophthalmologica

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Purpose: To identify the differences in risk factors and visual field (VF) changes between juvenile primary open-angle glaucoma (JOAG) and late-onset chronic open-angle glaucoma (COAG). Methods: The demographic and presenting clinical data of 27 JOAG and 30 COAG patients were retrospectively reviewed. Comparisons between the two groups were performed using Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and Fisher’s exact test. Results: A family history of glaucoma (37%) and a history of steroid usage (14.8%) were identified in JOAG patients only. The JOAG patients had a longer axial length (p < 0.001) and more often a myopic refractive state (p < 0.001) than the COAG patients. Patients with COAG showed a deeper (p = 0.016) and a more extensive (p = 0.008) defect in the superior than in the inferior hemifield, as well as a deeper (p = 0.016) and a more extensive (p = 0.001) defect in the superior than in the inferior arcuate area, while JOAG patients showed symmetric VF defects between the superior and inferior hemifields. Purely diffuse VF depression is more common in JOAG than in COAG patients (p = 0.03). Conclusions: JOAG patients demonstrated more axial myopic changes than patients with COAG as well as a pattern of superior-inferior symmetric VF defects. Axial myopia may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of JOAG.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons of Risk Factors and Visual Field Changes between Juvenile-Onset and Late-Onset Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

Liu

Chou

et al. 2002

Ophthalmologica

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“…The biomechanical properties of the sclera also play important roles [44]. High axial myopia is often accompanied by a thinner sclera [46] and laminar cribrosa [31], which then lead to higher scleral tension [47]. These changes may tend to increase the translaminar pressure gradient between the intraocular and retrobulbar spaces [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long axial length as risk factor for normal tension glaucoma

Oku¹,

Oku²,

Park³

et al. 2009

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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“…It is presented by the Greek letter and expressed as dyn cm À2 or mmHg m À2 . TS can be modelled on the basis of the Law of Laplace [12,13] as:…”

Section: Mechanical Stress On Onhmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights into blindness; mechanical fatigue of optic nerve head in glaucomatous optic neuropathy

Norouzpour

Mehdizadeh

2014

Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology

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A common cause of blindness worldwide is glaucoma. It is characterized by visual field loss which is caused by optic nerve damage leading to glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON). Modelling of GON development may be helpful for designing strategies to decelerate the rate of GON progression and prevent GON development at early stages. Attempts to complete the modelling of GON development continue. In this paper, it was speculated that the modelling could be more completed through a biomechanical point of view. GON may result from the mechanical fatigue effects of radial tensile stress (TS), caused by intra-ocular pressure (IOP), on the optic nerve head (ONH). The mechanical fatigue rate is influenced by patient's age, the maximum and minimum magnitude of IOP, the amplitude of IOP and TS fluctuations, the ONH geometry, scleral thickness and biomechanical properties of the sclera, particularly the peripapillary part, and the axial length of the globe. Based on this model, more efficient strategies can be developed to augment the ONH and decelerate the progression of glaucomatous optic nerve damage, and even screen high-risk individuals at early stages.

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Axial Length and Scleral Thickness Effect on Susceptibility to Glaucomatous Damage: A Theoretical Model Implementing Laplace’s Law

Cited by 82 publications

References 11 publications

Comparisons of Risk Factors and Visual Field Changes between Juvenile-Onset and Late-Onset Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

Comparisons of Risk Factors and Visual Field Changes between Juvenile-Onset and Late-Onset Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

Long axial length as risk factor for normal tension glaucoma

New insights into blindness; mechanical fatigue of optic nerve head in glaucomatous optic neuropathy

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