Azo polymers for reversible optical storage. 1. Poly[4'-[[2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl]ethylamino]-4-nitroazobenzene]

Natansohn, Almeria; Rochon, P.; Gosselin, J.; Xie, Shuang

doi:10.1021/ma00034a031

Cited by 467 publications

(308 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Diffraction gratings recorded while using an intensity or polarization modulated pattern ͑from now on, intensity and polarization gratings, respectively͒ and the appearance of relief gratings have been observed in these materials by using coherent light in the region of 500 nm. [1][2][3][4][5][6] A biphotonic process was found in azobenzene polyesters which can be useful in holographic experiments. 7,8 In this case, the holographic grating was written by an argon laser beam and was developed using a red He-Ne laser beam.…”

Section: ͓S0003-6951͑00͒02436-0͔mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biphotonic holographic gratings in azobenzene polyesters: Surface relief phenomena and polarization effects

Sánchez

Alcalá

Hvilsted

et al. 2000

Applied Physics Letters

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Biphotonic holographic gratings have been recorded in a side-chain azobenzene liquid crystalline polyester using a blue incoherent source and a He–Ne laser. Intensity gratings and the appearance of surface relief have been observed when two linearly polarized beams from a He–Ne laser are made to interfere on a film illuminated with blue light. Polarized holographic gratings are also created with two orthogonally circularly polarized He–Ne beams. All these gratings are stable in darkness but can be erased with blue light.

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Section: ͓S0003-6951͑00͒02436-0͔mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biphotonic holographic gratings in azobenzene polyesters: Surface relief phenomena and polarization effects

Sánchez

Alcalá

Hvilsted

et al. 2000

Applied Physics Letters

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“…al. [35] have proposed a biexponential kinetic process in their azobenzene systems.We have also found that the biexponential functions describes the dynamics of growth and decay of refractive index changes su±ciently well in our polymers. The biexponential functions are:…”

Section: Ellipsometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Refractive index modulation in polymeric photochromic films

Ortyl

Kucharski

2003

Open Chemistry

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Photochromic properties of methylacrylate monomers and polymers containing azobenzene groups with heterocyclic sulfonamide functionalities viz sul somidyne (4-amino-N-[2,6-dimethylpyrimidyn-4-yl]benzenesulfonamide) and sulfamethoxazole (4-amino-N-[5-methylisoxazol-3-yl]benzenesulfonamide) substituents were investigated. On illumination with light the azobenzene group underwent trans-cis isomerisation, which was manifested by a drop in the absorbance of the maximum absorption peak at ca. 450 nm and by decrease in refractive index. Quantum chemical calculations showed signi cant di¬erences in UV-VIS spectra, dipole moments, polarizability and refractive index between both cis and trans form of the chromophoric monomers. The illumination of spin-coated polymer lms during ellipsometry measurements resulted in a change in refractive index within the range of 0.014 to 0.025. The dynamics of growth and decay of refractive index changes, was described by biexponential functions approach.

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“…24 The reverse transition from the cis to the trans conformation can either be induced thermally or by visible light. This reversible cis-trans photoisomerization process offers a wide range of applications 25 such as optical data storage, 26 optical switching, 27 polarization holography, 28 and the use of azobenzene functionalized molecules as a photolabile surfactants. 29 For this, azobenzene-based polymers and liquid crystalline polymers have been scrutinized intensively.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Azobenzene-Based Organic Salts with Ionic Liquid and Liquid Crystalline Properties

Stappert

Muthmann

Spielberg

et al. 2015

Crystal Growth & Design

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Two sets of new azobenzene-based bromide salts are synthesized, and their thermal photochromic properties are studied. Both sets are based on the imidazolium cation. The first set (1) features a symmetric biscation where two imidazolium head groups (Im) with different alkyl chains (Cn) are connected to a central azobenzene unit (Azo): [Azo(C1-Im-Cn) 2 ]; n = 6, 8, 10, 12, 14. The other one contains an n-alkylimidazolium cation (Cn-Im) bearing a terminal azobenzene unit (C1-Azo) substituted with an alkoxy chain (O-Cm) of either two (2) or six (3) carbon atoms: [C1-Azo-O-Cm-Im-Cn]; m = 2, n = 8, 10, 12 and m = 6, n = 8, 10, 12, 14, 16. For both cation classes, the influence of alkyl chains of varying length on the thermal phase behavior was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarizing optical microscopy (POM). For five compounds (Azo(-C1-Im-C12) 2 (1d), Azo(-C1-Im-C12) 2 (1e), C1-Azo-O-C2-Im-C10 (2b), C1-Azo-O-C2-Im-C12 (2c), and C1-Azo-O-C6-Im-C16 (3e)), the formation of a liquid crystalline phase was observed. The biscationic salts (1) are all comparatively high melting organic salts (180-240 °C), and only the two representatives with long alkylchains (C12 and C14) exhibit liquid crystallinity. The monocationic salts with an O-C2 bridge (2) melt between 140 and 170 °C depending on the alkyl chain length, but from an alkyl chain of 10 and more carbon atoms on they form a smectic A liquid crystalline phase. The representatives of the third set with a O-C6 bridge qualify as ionic liquids with melting points less than 100 °C. However, only the representative with a hexadecyl chain forms a liquid crystalline phase. Representative single crystals for all sets of cations could be grown that allowed for single crystal structure analysis. Together with small-angle X-ray scattering experiments they allow for a more detailed understanding of the thermal properties. Through irradiation with UV-light (320-366 nm) all compounds undergo trans-cis isomerization, which reverses under visible light (440 nm). Disciplines Ceramic Materials | Complex Fluids | Other Materials Science and Engineering CommentsReprinted (adapted) with permission from Cryst. Growth Des., 2015, 15 (9) (2c), and C1-Azo-O-C6-Im-C16 (3e)), the formation of a liquid crystalline phase was observed. The biscationic salts (1) are all comparatively high melting organic salts (180−240°C), and only the two representatives with long alkylchains (C12 and C14) exhibit liquid crystallinity. The monocationic salts with an O−C2 bridge (2) melt between 140 and 170°C depending on the alkyl chain length, but from an alkyl chain of 10 and more carbon atoms on they form a smectic A liquid crystalline phase. The representatives of the third set with a O−C6 bridge qualify as ionic liquids with melting points less than 100°C. However, only the representative with a hexadecyl chain forms a liquid crystalline phase. Representative single crystals for all sets of cations could be grown that allowed for single crystal structure analysis. Together ...

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Azo polymers for reversible optical storage. 1. Poly[4'-[[2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl]ethylamino]-4-nitroazobenzene]

Cited by 467 publications

References 15 publications

Biphotonic holographic gratings in azobenzene polyesters: Surface relief phenomena and polarization effects

Biphotonic holographic gratings in azobenzene polyesters: Surface relief phenomena and polarization effects

Refractive index modulation in polymeric photochromic films

Azobenzene-Based Organic Salts with Ionic Liquid and Liquid Crystalline Properties

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