Babesia ovis infections: Detailed clinical and laboratory observations in the pre- and post-treatment periods of 97 field cases

Sevinç, Ferda; Sevinc, Mutlu; Ekici, Ozlem Derinbay; Yıldız, Ramazan; Işık, Nermin; Aydoğdu, Uğur

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.07.025

Cited by 52 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This nematode is highly pathogenic promoting hematophagy and production of anticoagulant factors capable of inhibiting the formation of fibrin, inducing bleeding of the submucosal abomasum (NICOLODI et al, 2010). The treatment of helminthiasis in small ruminants is often performed exclusively with synthetic anthelmintics and in a non-rigorous way, thus, promoting the selection of resistant GN (SOCCOL et al, 1996). Therefore, organic production has been supported and alternatives for prevention and control using herbs and fungi have been the object of study (ALVES et al, 2001;HOLSBACK et al, 2013a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood parameters of sheep with high infection of Haemonchus contortus and treated with “mushroom of the sun” (Agaricus blazei)

et al. 2016

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Parâmetros sanguíneos de ovinos com alta infecção porHaemonchus contortus e tratados com "cogumelo do sol" (Agaricus blazei) AbstractBlood and parasitological parameters of sheep experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus and treated with "mushroom of the sun" (Agaricus blazei) were assessed. Lambs infected with the nematode were divided into three groups: treated with basidiocarp powder from the fungus, wormed with trichlorfon, and a control group that did not receive anthelmintic. Split-plot design analysis was performed where the treatments were defined as plots and four periods of collection were defined as subplots. Interaction between the treatments and the collection periods for the fecal egg counts per gram of feces (FEC) was observed. Treatment with "mushroom of the sun" showed anthelmintic efficacies ranging from 28.6 to 54.2%. Similar performances to weight gain were observed among the groups. A significant interaction between treatments and evaluation periods was observed for erythrocyte counts, hematocrit value, and serum concentrations of albumin and urea. The values of the mean corpuscular volume, erythrocyte distribution width, and leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, and eosinophil counts, as well as the mean platelet volume, varied among the collection days. The administration of "mushroom of the sun" significantly reduced the FEC, did not influence on the erythrocyte count and hematocrit value, which remained within normal limits. However it increased the serum concentrations of albumin. com triclorfon e grupo controle, que não recebeu anti-helmíntico. Utilizou-se delineamento em parcelas subdivididas, sendo os tratamentos as parcelas e quatro períodos de coletas, as subparcelas. Verificouse interação dos tratamentos e dos períodos de coleta para o número de ovos por grama de fezes (OPG). O tratamento com "cogumelo do sol" apresentou eficácia anti-helmíntica variando de 28,6% a 54,2%, entretanto o desempenho foi semelhante entre os grupos. Verificou-se interação significativa dos tratamentos e os períodos avaliados para as contagens de eritrócitos, o valor do hematócrito e as concentrações séricas de albumina e ureia. Os valores do volume corpuscular médio, da amplitude de distribuição de eritrócitos, as contagens de leucócitos, neutrófilos, linfócitos, monócitos e eosinófilos, bem como o volume plaquetário médio variaram entre os dias de coleta. A administração do "cogumelo do sol" reduziu o OPG, não influenciou a contagem de eritrócitos e o valor do hematócrito, que estiveram dentro dos limites da normalidade, e aumentou significativamente as concentrações séricas de albumina. Palavras-chave: Agaricus blazei. Controle alternativo. Haemoncose. Ovinos. Perfil sanguíneo.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood parameters of sheep with high infection of Haemonchus contortus and treated with “mushroom of the sun” (Agaricus blazei)

et al. 2016

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“…The parasites were monitored by microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained thin blood smears, and results were verified by PCR analysis, as described previously (22). The serum samples used for the ELISA were available in our laboratories from previous studies (8,14,23) and were as follows: 15 negative samples, confirmed by microscopy and the IFAT, from experimentally infected lambs prior to infection (negative-control samples); 120 serum samples from the same experimentally infected lambs, at 6,7,8,11,21,30,45, and 75 days postinfection; and 76 serum samples from 38 naturally infected sheep, at the time of clinical infection and 20 to 30 days after treatment, in which the presence of the parasite was confirmed by microscopy.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The disease is endemic in European, African, Asian, and Far Eastern countries (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). Babesia ovis is highly pathogenic and, in serious infections, causes pancytopenia.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Many recurrences also occur after the treatment period. Compensation for the abnormalities in the hematological profiles of acutely infected animals takes a long time after the treatment period (8). Currently, control of ovine babesiosis is based only on chemotherapy and limited tick control measures.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Although serological testing has some limitations in confirming active or persistent disease and in distinguishing current and previous infections, circulating antibodies may be serologically detectable during chronic infections when the parasites are below the limit of PCR detection (10). Serological testing with the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) is the most commonly used method for diagnosing chronic B. ovis infections (8,9,13,14). However, the IFAT requires experienced and trained personnel, is subjective in nature, makes results from different laboratories difficult to compare, and is time-consuming and exhausting in large-scale epidemiological studies.…”

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Identification and Expression of Babesia ovis Secreted Antigen 1 and Evaluation of Its Diagnostic Potential in an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Sevinç

Cao

et al. 2015

J Clin Microbiol

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bIn order to identify immunoreactive proteins that are usable for the immunological diagnosis of Babesia ovis infections, a phage lambda cDNA expression library was constructed and screened using parasite-specific immune serum. Immunoscreening resulted in the identification of a full-length cDNA clone encoding a secreted protein designated Babesia ovis secreted antigen 1 (BoSA1). The full-length BoSA1 cDNA contained a 1,137-bp open reading frame that encoded a protein of 378 amino acids, with a signal peptide and 2 internal repeat domains. The theoretical molecular mass of the mature protein was 42.5 kDa. Recombinant BoSA1 (rBoSA1) protein was expressed in Escherichia coli strain DH5␣ cells as a glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion protein and was purified by affinity chromatography. Purified rBoSA1 was tested for reactivity with sera from animals experimentally or naturally infected with B. ovis, in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that specific antibodies against rBoSA1 were detectable on days 7 and 8 of the experimental infection and were maintained during the sampling period. Additionally, 38 field sera taken from sheep naturally infected with B. ovis gave strong positive reactions in the ELISA between day 20 and day 30 of treatment. As a result, the identified recombinant BoSA1 protein seems to be a promising diagnostic antigen that is usable for the development of serological assays for the diagnosis of ovine babesiosis. This is the first report on the molecular cloning, expression, and potential use of a recombinant antigen for the diagnosis of ovine babesiosis. O vine babesiosis, caused by the tick-borne intraerythrocytic apicomplexan parasite Babesia ovis, is an acute disease characterized by clinical signs such as fever, hemolytic anemia, hemoglobinuria, and icterus in small ruminants. The disease is endemic in European, African, Asian, and Far Eastern countries (1-8). Babesia ovis is highly pathogenic and, in serious infections, causes pancytopenia. Untreated cases usually result in the death of sick animals, and even some treated animals may die as a result of heavy infection. Many recurrences also occur after the treatment period. Compensation for the abnormalities in the hematological profiles of acutely infected animals takes a long time after the treatment period (8). Currently, control of ovine babesiosis is based only on chemotherapy and limited tick control measures. In areas in which the status of B. ovis endemicity is unstable, an immunization program is needed (9). However, immunoprophylaxis is lacking for Babesia species in sheep.Currently, the diagnosis of ovine babesiosis includes microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained thin blood smears. Although intraerythrocytic parasites are apparent in clinical cases, it is very difficult to detect the organisms by microscopy in chronic infections, because of the low levels of parasitemia (10-12). The analysis of blood smears usually depends on the experience of the observer. The morphological changes in ...

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Infection by haemopathogens and tick infestation of sheep during summer season in Constantine region, Northeast Algeria

Foughali

Jedidi

Dhibi

et al. 2021

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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A study on tick infestation of 43 sheep with clinical symptoms of piroplasmosis and anaplasmosis was carried out during summer seasons of 2016 and 2017 in 34 sheep flocks from Beni Hamidene locality, district of Constantine, Northeast Algeria. Only animals with clinical symptoms of piroplasmosis and/or anaplasmosis were checked for tick infestation. Among the 43 examined sheep, 58 ± 15% were infested by ticks. A total of 185 adult ticks (100 males and 85 females) were collected from the 25 sheep. Two tick genera, Rhipicephalus and Hyalomma consisting of four species were collected, Rhipicephalus bursa was the most frequent tick (164/185; 88.6 ± 4.6%), followed by Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (16/185; 8.6 ± 4%), Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus (4/185; 2.2 ± 2.1%) and Hyalomma scupense (1/185; 0.5 ± 1%). Mean overall tick infestation intensity was 7.4. Mixed infestations with two tick species were found in 10 sheep (23.3 ± 12.6%). All farmers (34/34) used ivermectin, and only 11% of them used acaricide to control ticks. The majority of R. bursa ticks (87/185; 45 ± 7%) were located on the ears 37/185; 20 ± 6%) and the testicles (50/185; 27 ± 6%). Giemsa‐stained blood smears examination showed the presence of three haemopathogens: Anaplasma spp. (19/43; 44 ± 15%); Babesia spp. (6/43; 14 ± 10%) and Theileria spp. (1/43; 2 ± 4%). These results showed the presence of several low infestation burdens by ticks transmitting three haemopathogens.

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Babesia ovis infections: Detailed clinical and laboratory observations in the pre- and post-treatment periods of 97 field cases

Cited by 52 publications

References 19 publications

Blood parameters of sheep with high infection of Haemonchus contortus and treated with “mushroom of the sun” (Agaricus blazei)

Blood parameters of sheep with high infection of Haemonchus contortus and treated with “mushroom of the sun” (Agaricus blazei)

Identification and Expression of Babesia ovis Secreted Antigen 1 and Evaluation of Its Diagnostic Potential in an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Infection by haemopathogens and tick infestation of sheep during summer season in Constantine region, Northeast Algeria

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