Baboons, Space, Time, and Energy

Altmann, Stuart A.

doi:10.1093/icb/14.1.221

Cited by 325 publications

(162 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Moreover, primates living in habitats of low productivity must spend more time foraging, leaving less time to spend patrolling the home range. These arguments are based on the average level of resources in a given habitat, but are equally applicable to the patchiness of resources in space and time [15,19,22,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They span three orders of magnitude in body size and display a diversity of life-history and ecological strategies (including terrestrial and arboreal, solitary and social, territorial and non-territorial species). They are extremely well studied, such that a wealth of knowledge exists about space-use patterns [22,23], including a large amount of comparative data [24 -26]. Moreover, primates are highly threatened, so understanding their space requirements is important for applied conservation [1,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Space-use scaling and home range overlap in primates

et al. 2013

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Space use is an important aspect of animal ecology, yet our understanding is limited by a lack of synthesis between interspecific and intraspecific studies. We present analyses of a dataset of 286 estimates of home range overlap from 100 primate species, with comparable samples for other space-use traits. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first multispecies study using overlap data estimated directly from field observations. We find that space-use traits in primates are only weakly related to body mass, reflecting their largely arboreal habits. Our results confirm a theory that home range overlap explains the differences in allometric scaling between population density and home range size. We then test a suite of hypotheses to explain home range overlap, both among and within species. We find that overlap is highest for larger-bodied species living in large home ranges at high population densities, where annual rainfall is low, and is higher for arboreal than terrestrial species. Most of these results are consistent with the economics of resource defence, although the predictions of one specific theory of home range overlap are not supported. We conclude that home range overlap is somewhat predictable, but the theoretical basis of animal space use remains patchy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space-use scaling and home range overlap in primates

et al. 2013

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“…baboons (Papio spp.) (Washburn and deVore, 1961;Patterson, 1973;Altmann, 1974;Hamilton et al, 1976). Consequently sleeping sites may have been as important an aspect of the ecology of early hominids as they are today for anthropoid primates.…”

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confidence: 99%

Long‐term patterns of sleeping site use in wild saddleback (Saguinus fuscicollis) and mustached tamarins (S. mystax): Effects of foraging, thermoregulation, predation, and resource defense constraints

Smith

Knogge

Huck

et al. 2007

American J Phys Anthropol

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Sleeping sites are an important aspect of an animal's ecology given the length of time that they spend in them. The sleep ecology of wild saddleback and mustached tamarins is examined using a long‐term data set covering three mixed‐species troops and 1,300+ tamarin nights. Seasonal changes in photoperiod accounted for a significant amount of variation in sleeping site entry and exit times. Time of exit was more closely correlated with sunrise than time of entry was with sunset. Both species entered their sleeping sites when light levels were significantly higher than when they left them in the morning. Troops of both species used >80 individual sites, the majority being used once. Mustached tamarins never used the same site for more than two consecutive nights, but saddlebacks reused the same site for up to four consecutive nights. Mustached tamarins slept at significantly greater heights than saddleback tamarins. There were consistent interspecific differences in the types of sites used. Neither the presence of infants, season, nor rainfall affected the types or heights of sites chosen. Sleeping sites were located in the central area of exclusive use more often than expected, and their position with respect to fruiting trees indicated a strategy closer to that of a multiple central place forager than a central place forager. These findings are discussed in light of species ecology, with particular reference to predation risk, which is indicated as the major factor influencing the pattern of sleeping site use in these species. Am J Phys Anthropol 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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“…The way animals use space is of practical and theoretical interest to a wide variety of scientists, including those studying (1) relationships between behavior, age, sex, and spacing patterns, (2) resource distribution as it affects space use, (3) the relationship between metabolic requirements and home range size, and (4) space requirements for purposes of control or reintroduction of "problem" or endangered species (Altmann, 1974;Bekoff, Daniels, & Gittleman, in press;Brown & Orians, 1970;Burt, 1943;Cheeseman & Mitson,1982; We thank Fred Wieland and Tony Lavender for writing SPACE-oUT and Michael C. Grant for statistical collaboration. Bay D. Roberts helped to perform the simulation analyses.…”

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confidence: 99%

Simulation analyses of space use: Home range estimates, variability, and sample size

Bekoff

Mech

1984

Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers

100

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Simulations of space use by animals were run to determine the relationship among home range area estimates, variability, and sample size (number of locations). As sample size increased, home range size increased asymptotically, whereas variability decreased among mean home range area estimates generated by multiple simulations for the same sample size. Our results suggest that field workers should ascertain between 100 and 200 locations in order to estimate reliably home range area. In some cases, this suggested guideline is higher than values found in the few published studies in which the relationship between home range area and number of locations is addressed. Sampling differences for small species occupying relatively small home ranges indicate that fewer locations may be sufficient to allow for a reliable estimate of home range. Intraspecific variability in social status (group member, loner, resident, transient), age, sex, reproductive condition, and food resources also have to be considered, as do season, habitat, and differences in sampling and analytical methods. Comparative data still are needed.The way animals use space is of practical and theoretical interest to a wide variety of scientists, including those studying (1) relationships between behavior, age, sex, and spacing patterns, (2) resource distribution as it affects space use, (3) the relationship between metabolic requirements and home range size, and (4) space requirements for purposes of control or reintroduction of "problem" or endangered species

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Baboons, Space, Time, and Energy

Cited by 325 publications

References 29 publications

Space-use scaling and home range overlap in primates

Space-use scaling and home range overlap in primates

Long‐term patterns of sleeping site use in wild saddleback (Saguinus fuscicollis) and mustached tamarins (S. mystax): Effects of foraging, thermoregulation, predation, and resource defense constraints

Simulation analyses of space use: Home range estimates, variability, and sample size

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