Baby Bonus, Fertility, and Missing Women

Kim, Wookun

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3704188

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Son preference and male-skewed sex ratio at birth is well documented in Asia (Kim, 2020). In contexts where parents strongly prefer sons to daughters, they may seek to deal with unwanted daughters through child-bride marriage, female infanticide, or sex-selective abortion (Suarez, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…▪ Pro-natalist cash programmes in South Korea, designed to increase fertility instead, unintentionally alleviated sex ratio imbalance (Kim, 2020).…”

Section: Sex Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In South Korea, pro-natalist cash transfers to counter rapidly declining fertility have increased birth rates and modulated the son preference (Kim, 2020). Research indicates that such cash transfers interact with son preference and unintentionally alleviate sex ratio imbalance in a cultural context where having sons is favoured over having daughters (Kim, 2020).…”

Section: Sex Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Differing results are found in evaluations of the pro-natalist cash transfer programmes in South Korea. Here, financial incentives aimed at increasing fertility had the unintended consequence of modulating son reference and decreasing the sex ratio imbalance favouring boys toward the natural sex ratio at birth (Kim, 2020). In particular, the transfers decreased the probability of a third child being a boy.…”

Section: Worsening Sex-ratio At Birthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contexts where parents strongly prefer sons to daughters, parents may seek to deal with unwanted daughters through child marriage, infanticide, or sex-selective abortion (Suarez, 2018). Several papers document male-skewed sex ratio at birth, particularly in Asia (Kim, 2020). In the case of child marriage, laws on age of marriage have often been ineffective in stemming early marriage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Financial Incentives to Reduce Female Infanticide, Child Marriage and Promote Girl’s Education: Impact

Haider¹

2020

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This review examines evidence on the key design features and impact of programmes that use Conditional Cash Transfers (CCTs) or baby bonds to reduce female infanticide, child marriage and promote girl’s education. Conditional cash transfer (CCT) schemes have been adopted to promote the survival and well-being of girls. They provide parents with financial incentives to raise daughters; to delay marrying them until age 18, and to reduce the gender imbalance in school. Given that many CCT programmes aimed at addressing girl children are relatively new, it has in many cases been too early to evaluate their effectiveness. There is thus limited evidence of the impact of their implementation and outcomes. This helpdesk report focuses on recent studies, published in the past five years, on select programmes implemented in South Asia, particularly in India, for which there is the most available information. Evidence suggests that CCT programmes aimed at supporting the girl child have succeeded in promoting school enrolment and delaying marriage in South Asia. It is less clear, however, the extent to which these transfers have affected gender-biased sex selection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…▪ Pro-natalist cash programmes in South Korea, designed to increase fertility instead, unintentionally alleviated sex ratio imbalance (Kim, 2020).…”

Section: Sex Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sex Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Worsening Sex-ratio At Birthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Financial Incentives to Reduce Female Infanticide, Child Marriage and Promote Girl’s Education: Impact

Haider¹

2020

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Causal Analysis of Policy Effects on Fertility

Hart,

Bergsvik,

Fauske

et al. 2024

Handbook of Labor, Human Resources and Population Economics

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This chapter reviews the literature on the causal effects of policies on fertility. It focuses on evidence from experiments and quasi-experiments in low fertility contexts, including studies from Europe, Northern America, Oceania and Asia. Making no a priori restrictions on policy type, the review encompasses evaluations of parental leave, childcare, health insurance, and financial incentives such as child transfers. Childcare expansions increase completed fertility. Financial incentives had positive effects on fertility across contexts, both in the short and long run. Expansions of parental leave rights in Central Europe, and introduction of parental leave in the U.S., also had positive effects. Distributional effects of these policies are very different, with parental leave compensation benefiting high-earning couples, while expansions of child care programs have potential to reduce social inequalities.

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The zero effect of income tax on the timing of birth: some evidence on French data

Moreau

2022

Int Tax Public Finance

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The present paper investigates the correlation between the French tax rebate triggered by the birth of a child and the probability to bring forward childbirth from late December to early January. Using administrative tax data from 2010 to 2016, we precisely simulate the corresponding tax rebate for households in which a child was born from mid-December to mid-January. Contrary to prior research, we did not find clear evidence of a significant link between the tax rebate brought about by a supplementary dependent child on the tax return and the probability of a December birth. Either the amount of the incentive may not be large enough or households may not correctly anticipate the corresponding tax rebate. Nevertheless, a small learning effect is present. According to our results, a significant correlation between the tax rebate and the probability of having a child in December is only observed among the wealthiest half of households that also benefit from a relatively large tax rebate. However, this seems to be due to a spurious correlation. Instead, our results reflect the willingness of parents to avoid childbirth on a public holiday.

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Baby Bonus, Fertility, and Missing Women

Cited by 11 publications

References 78 publications

Financial Incentives to Reduce Female Infanticide, Child Marriage and Promote Girl’s Education: Impact

Financial Incentives to Reduce Female Infanticide, Child Marriage and Promote Girl’s Education: Impact

Causal Analysis of Policy Effects on Fertility

The zero effect of income tax on the timing of birth: some evidence on French data

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