Bacillus acidiproducens sp. nov., vineyard soil isolates that produce lactic acid

Abstract

Two novel spore-forming lactic acid bacteria, strains SL213 T and SL1213, were isolated from vineyard soils in Korea. Cells of both isolates were rod-shaped bacilli and contained subterminal, ellipsoidal spores. Strains were facultatively anaerobic, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative and motile with single flagella. meso-Diaminopimelic acid, glucose and galactose were detected in whole-cell hydrolysates. Major fatty acids found in the strains were anteiso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 16 : 0 , C 16 : 0 and anteiso-C 17 : 0 . The G+C contents of the DNA were 46.1 and 46.3 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequences from the two strains were almost identical (99.9 %) and placed them in the genus Bacillus, according to phylogenetic analysis. The type strains most closely related to SL213 T were Bacillus coagulans ATCC 7050 T and Bacillus badius ATCC 14574 T , with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 96.9 and 95.9 %, respectively. Levels of DNA-DNA relatedness between strain SL213 T and strain SL1213, B. coagulans ATCC 7050 T and B. badius ATCC 14574 T were 92.5, 49.0 and 27.5 %, respectively. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences and chemotaxonomic and phenotypic evidence given in this study, we report that SL213 T represents a novel species, for which the name Bacillus acidiproducens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SL213 T (5KCTC 13078 T 5JCM 14638 T ).The members of the genus Bacillus Cohn 1872 are Grampositive, rod-shaped, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, spore-forming bacteria. Within the bacilli, a spore-forming lactic acid bacillus was first described in 1932 and it was originally known as 'Lactobacillus sporogenes' (HorowitzWlassowa & Nowotelnow, 1932). Results from further physiological and biochemical characterization caused the strain to be transferred into the Bacillus coagulans group, a change in classification that was later confirmed by genotypic studies (Becker & Pederson, 1950;De Clerck et al., 2004). More recently, other spore-forming rods that produce lactic acid have been grouped into the genus Bacillus (Gibson & Gordon, 1974).A unique characteristic of lactic acid-producing strains of the genus Bacillus is their ability to produce spores and lactic acid; the spores can stay dormant for extended periods under stressful environmental conditions, including high temperature and acidic pH. Organisms from the genus Bacillus have been isolated frequently and from almost every environment, such as marine areas (Bae et al., 2005;Gugliandolo et al., 2003;Yoon et al., 2003), airborne dust (Shivaji et al., 2006) and soil (Albert et al., 2005;Gatson et al., 2006; Heyrman et al., 2005;Logan et al., 2002; Palmisano et al., 2001). In contrast, isolation of spore-forming, lactic acid-producing Bacillus strains has been reported only rarely, from products of milk (Hammer, 1915), fermented foods, plants (Alkan et al., 2007), sewage sludge (Kotay & Das, 2007) and soil (Patel et al., 2006). In this study, we report the isolation and characterization of novel bacteria from vineyard soil in Korea that form spore...

Potential probiotic thermophiles isolated from mice after compost ingestion

“…This bacterium, like strain N‐16, is a spore‐forming, moderately thermophilic, Gram‐positive, rod‐shaped cell (Jung et al . ). Bacillus coagulans has been isolated from milk products (Chopra and Mathur ), gelatin (De Clerck et al .…”

Terrilactibacillus laevilacticus gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from soil

“…The major respiratory quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7), the DNA G+C content was 42.6 mol%, and the major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C 15 : 0 and anteiso-C The typical lactic acid bacteria are Gram-positive, nonspore-forming and catalase-negative, including the genera Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, Pediococcus, Aerococcus, Carnobacterium, Enterococcus, Oenococcus, Tetragenococcus, Vagococcus and Weissella, which produced lactic acid as the major end product from sugar fermentation (Reddy et al, 2008). In addition, strains of the genera Sporolactobacillus and Bacillus were reported to produce lactic acid (Fujita et al, 2010;Jung et al, 2009;Kitahara & Suzuki, 1963;Nakamura et al, 1988). The genus Sporolactobacillus was catalase-negative, spore-forming, homofermentative lactic acid bacteria, while members of the genus Bacillus were Gram-positive, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, catalase-positive, spore-forming, rodshaped bacteria (Yanagida et al, 1987).…”

“…The genus Sporolactobacillus was catalase-negative, spore-forming, homofermentative lactic acid bacteria, while members of the genus Bacillus were Gram-positive, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, catalase-positive, spore-forming, rodshaped bacteria (Yanagida et al, 1987). A comparison of physiological characteristics of the spore-forming rods in species of the genus Sporolactobacillus and Bacillus coagulans revealed that members of the genus Sporolactobacillus lacked catalase activity and required carbohydrate for growth (Kitahara & Lai, 1967;Yanagida et al, 1987;Chang et al, 2008;Jung et al, 2009). Recently, spore-forming strains of Tuberibacillus calidus from a compost pile and Pullulanibacillus naganoensis from soil have been reported (Hatayama et al, 2006).…”

“…In addition, strains of the genera Sporolactobacillus and Bacillus were reported to produce lactic acid (Fujita et al, 2010;Jung et al, 2009;Kitahara & Suzuki, 1963;Nakamura et al, 1988). The genus Sporolactobacillus was catalase-negative, spore-forming, homofermentative lactic acid bacteria, while members of the genus Bacillus were Gram-positive, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, catalase-positive, spore-forming, rodshaped bacteria (Yanagida et al, 1987).…”

Bioremediation of heavy metals from aquatic environment through microbial processes: A potential role for probiotics?

“…E. faecium and Enterococcus faecalis produced greater amount of lactic acid [31]. It has also been reported that B. acidiproducens also produce lactic acid [32].…”