Bacillus-based nano-bioformulations for phytopathogens and insect–pest management

Abstract

Background Recent concerns linked with the application of chemical pesticides and the increasing necessity of low inputs sustainable agriculture have put the use of microbial biocontrol agents and bio-pesticides to the forefront for their application against plant pathogens and insect–pest management. Results This review tended to scrutinize the prospects of microbial biocontrol agents and microbes-based nano-formulations against plant diseases and for pest management with emphasis on bacteria-based nanoparticles, especially derived from Bacillus species. It also tended to discuss the probable mechanism of action and effect on plant growth along with its prospects in a brief manner. Conclusion The use of microbial biocontrol agents offers effective, eco-friendly, and long-lasting management of plant diseases. The employment of nanotechnology in the field of biopesticides has emerged as a promising solution. Nano-biopesticides in the form of biologically derived active pesticides or compounds integrated as nanoparticles and integrated into a suitable polymer have application in insect–pest management.

Bacteria-Premised Nanobiopesticides for the Management of Phytopathogens and Pests

“…Table lists the most commonly used bacteria and their function as plant protection agents. Bacteria ingested by insects impede digestion by producing endotoxins causing the death of the insect pest. , …”

“…Bacteria ingested by insects impede digestion by producing endotoxins causing the death of the insect pest. 78,79 Bacteria-premised nanobiopesticides (B-NBPs) are a type of NBP that utilizes beneficial bacteria or their components to control pests/pathogens. These types of NBPs can be either living or nonliving and can be used to control a variety of pests, including insects, nematodes, and plant pathogens.…”

An Alternative Source of Biopesticides and Improvement in Their Formulation—Recent Advances

“…As a potential source of biopesticides and biofertilizers, some authors state the use of microalgae due to the production of biologically active compounds with antimicrobial activity [67,68]. An added value represents the possibility of using wastewater as a growing medium given that they require nitrogen, phosphorus, carbon, and ammonium [69].…”

The Ecotoxicology of Microbial Insecticides and Their Toxins in Genetically Modified Crops: An Overview

“…The development of nano-formulations based on Bt endotoxins offers several advantages, increasing efficacy at a low cost and in an eco-friendly way. The Cry proteins are loaded to nano-composites, maintaining their bioactivity while enhancing the stability and storage conditions [ 82 ].…”