Background lead and cadmium exposure of adult women in Xian City and two farming villages in Shaanxi Province, China

Watanabe, Takao; Zhang, Zuo-Wen; Qu, Jiang-Bin; Gao, W P; Jian, Zhen-Kui; Shimbo, Shinichiro; Nakatsuka, Haruo; Matsuda‐Inoguchi, Naoko; Higashikawa, Kae; Ikeda, Masayuki

doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00416-7

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The level of U-Cd reported for the contaminated sites in this study was similar to those reported in a moderately contaminated area in Wenzhou, eastern China (Jin et al, 2002), the level of U-Cd in the control site was higher than those reported in Sweden (Olsson et al, 2002), and much lower than those reported elsewhere in China (Cai et al, 1990;Watanabe et al, 1998Watanabe et al, , 2000Jin et al, 2002). In the two reported Cd-contaminated sites in China, farmers produced their own rice at the time when the investigation was conducted, and rice was considered as the main source of Cd intake for the local people (Cai et al, 1990;Nordberg et al, 1997;Jin et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Previous studies in China have identified several Cdcontaminated sites, where Cd transfer from soil to the food chain has caused human health problems (Cai et al, 1990(Cai et al, , 1998Nordberg et al, 1997;Watanabe et al, 1998Watanabe et al, , 2000. While most studies reported in the literature focused on Cd contamination alone, the present study reported results from a contaminated site with metal mixtures, such as Cd, Pb and Zn.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

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Exposure to metal mixtures and human health impacts in a contaminated area in Nanning, China

Cui

Zhu

Zhai³

et al. 2005

Environment International

270

104

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Exposure to metal mixtures and human health impacts in a contaminated area in Nanning, China

Cui

Zhu

Zhai³

et al. 2005

Environment International

270

104

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“…This study was aimed at detecting if there is any urban-rural difference in Pb and Cd exposure and quantifying the role of cereals as the dietary source of environmental exposure to these metals. The analysis shows that the exposure of Shaanxi people to Pb and Cd is not higher than, and even possibly lower than, the levels reported for people in other parts of mainland China, while cereals (wheat, rice, maize, and foxtail millet) contributed 26 and 84% of dietary Pb and Cd intake, respectively (Watanabe et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Many studies have reported about the danger of the increasing level of heavy metal pollutants in the environment. For example, two recent studies are concerned with the danger arising from the introduction of pollutants into the food chain (Liu et al, 2005;Watanabe et al, 2000). Also there are indications of high levels of lead, cadmium, and other pollutant in cereals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second study (Watanabe et al, 2000) describes the analysis which has been done to assess the current level of environmental exposure to lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in Shaanxi Province in China in comparison with that from other parts of mainland China. This study was aimed at detecting if there is any urban-rural difference in Pb and Cd exposure and quantifying the role of cereals as the dietary source of environmental exposure to these metals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping the intake of different elements in vegetal tissues by dual‐energy X‐ray imaging at DaΦne synchrotron light source

Reale

Kaiser

Reale

et al. 2007

Microscopy Res & Technique

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This article reports on the first utilization of the soft X-ray beamline at the DaPhine synchrotron light source for mapping the intake of different elements in plant tissues. As a test, the method of dual-energy X-ray microradiography was applied to the investigation of the natural sulfur content in dried leaf and root samples. Our ultimate goal was to monitor the pollutant lead and its intake, which was added in controlled doses to the hydroponic medium of laboratory-controlled samples of vegetal species. The results obtained by the nondestructive X-ray radiographic analysis are compared to the values of concentrations determined by a standard chemical analysis utilizing atomic absorption spectroscopy. From this comparison the validity of the X-ray detection of heavy metals in biological samples has been confirmed. The superposition of the dual energy results on the simple planar radiography shows the representation of the pollutant intake directly on the sample structures. It should be pointed out that this method, developed here for plant root and leaves could be applied to any biological sample of interest, but the preparation and observation conditions necessitate different strategies according to the type of sample under analysis.

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Effects of cadmium amendments on low-molecular-weight organic acid exudates in rhizosphere soils of tobacco and sunflower

et al. 2006

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To recognize physiological response of plants to cadmium (Cd) toxicity in rhizosphere of plants, the pot experiments were employed to investigate how low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) were exudated from tobacco and sunflower roots of Cd-amended soils. The aims of this study were to assess the effect of LMWOAs on uptake of Cd by tobacco and sunflower under pot experiments, thus comparing the ability of tobacco and sunflower for phytoremediation. Surface soils (0-20 cm) were collected from Taichung Experiment Station (TC) (silty loam). Cadmium chloride (CdCl(2)) was amended into TC soil, giving Cd concentrations of 1, 5, 10 mg kg(-1) soil. Soils with different concentrations of Cd were put into 12 cm (i.d.) pots for incubation, and then 2-week-old tobacco and sunflower seedlings were transplanted into the pots. Tobacco and sunflower were grown in greenhouse for 50 days, respectively. The rhizosphere and bulk soils, and fresh plant tissues were collected after harvest. The Cd concentrations in the plant and transfer factor values in the sunflower were higher than that in the tobacco. No LMWOAs were detected by gas chromatograph in bulk soils, and low amounts of LMWOAs were found in uncontaminated rhizosphere soils. Acetic, lactic, glycolic, malic, maleic, and succinic acids were found in the tobacco and sunflower rhizosphere soils. Concentrations of LMWOAs increased with increasing amendment of Cd concentrations in tobacco and sunflower rhizosphere soils. Correlation coefficient (r) of concentrations of Cd amendment versus LMWOAs exudates of tobacco and sunflower were 0.85 and 0.98, respectively. These results suggest that the different levels of LMWOAs present in the rhizosphere soil play an important role in the solubilization of Cd that bound with soil particle into soil solution and then uptake by plants.

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Background lead and cadmium exposure of adult women in Xian City and two farming villages in Shaanxi Province, China

Cited by 36 publications

References 42 publications

Exposure to metal mixtures and human health impacts in a contaminated area in Nanning, China

Exposure to metal mixtures and human health impacts in a contaminated area in Nanning, China

Mapping the intake of different elements in vegetal tissues by dual‐energy X‐ray imaging at DaΦne synchrotron light source

Effects of cadmium amendments on low-molecular-weight organic acid exudates in rhizosphere soils of tobacco and sunflower

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