Backward production of protons in nuclear reactions with 400 GeV protons

Bayukov, Yu.D.; Efremenko, V.; Frankel, S.; Frati, W.; Gazzaly, M.; Leksin, G.A.; Nikiforov, N.A.; Perdrisat, C. F.; Tchistilin, V.; Zaitsev, Yu.

doi:10.1103/physrevc.20.764

Cited by 53 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…5.2 as a function of x F , where the transformation from lab to cms system is performed assuming the proton mass. In the figure are also presented the results from [12] (open symbols) which show good agreement as in the case of the proton data [11]. The ratio R t is suppressed with respect to R d by a factor of 0.1 to 0.2 depending on p T but independent on x F .…”

Section: Deuterons and Tritonssupporting

confidence: 69%

“…This results in 491 and 121 cross Existing data [11], which are complementary to the NA49 measurements, in the far backward hemisphere are used to extend the coverage for protons into the region of intranuclear cascading, see [6]. The corresponding proton x F distributions, which cover the phase space from x F =-2 up to the kinematic limit at x F ∼ +1, are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Baryonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6. Both the NA49 data (full circles) and [11] (open circles) are plotted. Several interesting features should be mentioned:…”

Section: Baryonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New results from the NA49 experiment on hadron production in p+p and p+C interactions and survey of backward hadrons in p+C collisions

Makariev

2013

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Recent results on proton, anti-proton, neutron and charged kaon production in proton-proton and proton, anti-proton, neutron, deuteron and triton production in proton-carbon collisions at 158 GeV/c beam momentum are presented. Data samples of 4.8 million and 385 734 inelastic events in p+p and p+C, respectively, are obtained with the NA49 detector at the CERN SPS accelerator. The charged particles are identified by energy loss measurement in a system of four TPC chambers, while the neutrons are detected in a forward hadronic calorimeter. The data cover a major fraction of the phase space, ranging from 0 to 1.9 GeV in p T and in Feynman x variable from -0.8 to 0.95 for protons, from -0.2 to 0.3 for anti-protons, from 0.1 to 0.95 for neutrons and from 0 to 0.5 for kaons. The comparison of the results on proton and neutron production in p+p interactions and deep inelastic e+p collisions at HERA reveals an independence of target fragmentation on the projectile type. Using the charged kaon data in p+p collisions as a reference, a new evaluation of the energy dependence of kaon production, including neutral kaons, is conducted over a range from 3 GeV to p+p collider energies. A survey of backward production of protons and pions in p+C collisions in the range of lab angles from 10 to 180 degrees, from 0.2 to 1.2 GeV/c in lab momentum and from 1 to 400 GeV/c in projectile momentum has been performed.

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Section: Deuterons and Tritonssupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Baryonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New results from the NA49 experiment on hadron production in p+p and p+C interactions and survey of backward hadrons in p+C collisions

Makariev

2013

EPJ Web of Conferences

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“…Due to the extremely low cross sections, such measurements were done mainly for cumulative particle momentum not exceeding 1.5-2.0 GeV/c (e.g. [9][10][11]). The latest results, which were obtained for the high p T region, up to the 3.5 GeV/c, showed the same characteristics as in previous research [12].…”

Section: Features Of Cumulative Particle Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The calculations of the particle yield were made for the collision of one proton incident on a 1 mm Pb target and were based on data for the reaction p + T a → p + X from [11].…”

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confidence: 99%

New detector for studies of cumulative processes in hadron collisions in NA61(SHINE) at the CERN SPS

Lazareva

2017

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract. The increase of luminosity of the SPS beams expected after 2020 allows considering the investigation of rather rare processes. In particular, so-called cumulative particle production can be studied in hadron collisions by measurements of secondary particle yields in regions kinematically forbidden for reactions with free nucleons. Such processes could be either a result of hard parton collisions with some large-density multi-quark configuration or of the formation of heavy baryonic resonances. Measurements in the backward hemisphere in fixed target experiment should provide the event-by-event data that could be used, along with those from the forward region, for a correlation analysis, thus resulting in new constraints on models. In this report the preliminary design, ideas, technology and the first GEANT simulations of a proposed new detector are presented and discussed. IntroductionProduction of particles from nuclei in a region, kinematically forbidden for reactions with free nucleons is called the cumulative effect.The first clear experimental confirmation of the cumulative effect was obtained by the group of A.M. Baldin and V.S. Stavinsky in Dubna, where in 1971 the first relativistic deuteron beams were produced [1,2]. In these experiments the emission of pions with energy higher than half of the energy of the incident deuterons was observed. The classical explanation of this effect is the presence of nuclear fluctons, droplets of cold dense nuclear matter in nuclei, composed of a few nucleons. Nevertheless, one has to keep in mind that some contribution from rescattering processes at large (nuclear) distances on several free nucleons is possible.From the modern point of view fluctons in nuclei must be interpreted as the presence of multi-quark (6q-, 9q-, 12q-and so on) clusters in nuclear matter, allowing two mechanisms of cumulative fragment production. The first is fragmentation of one fast quark of the flucton into a cumulative hadron [3], and the second proposes cumulative hadron formation due to the coherent coalescence of three fast flucton quarks in the framework of the Coherent Quark Coalescence (CQC) model as formulated in [4]. The latter mechanism is more convenient for the production of cumulative nucleons. The dominant process for the production of light cumulative fragments, e.g. deuterons, is coherent coalescence of weakly virtual nucleons [5]. In contrast to the treatment of fluctons as droplets of cold QGP some theories propose that clusters appear due to the formation and subsequent statistical decay of massive hadron clusters (fireballs) [6][7][8]. The observed particles, i.e. mesons, nucleons, and light nuclei are emitted from the fireball. This approach allows to successfully describe the momentum spectra of protons and light nuclei

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Energetic Particle Emission in Nuclear Reactions

Boal

1985

Advances in the Physics of Particles and Nuclei

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Backward production of protons in nuclear reactions with 400 GeV protons

Cited by 53 publications

References 41 publications

New results from the NA49 experiment on hadron production in p+p and p+C interactions and survey of backward hadrons in p+C collisions

New results from the NA49 experiment on hadron production in p+p and p+C interactions and survey of backward hadrons in p+C collisions

New detector for studies of cumulative processes in hadron collisions in NA61(SHINE) at the CERN SPS

Energetic Particle Emission in Nuclear Reactions

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