Backward visual masking in children and adolescents: Sensory transmission, accrual rate and asymptotic performance

LeBlanc, Renaud S.; Muise, Jason; L, Blanchard

doi:10.1016/0022-0965(92)90043-6

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…lower values) for stimulus onset asyn-chrony=8 in participants older than 8 years; younger children have the worst performance in terms of stimulus onset asyn-chrony=8 and masking curves. The differences between the group with the lowest age and the other two groups of children were statistically significant; these data support other authors' findings in studies performed with backward masking procedures (Avant et al 1977, Blake and Vingilis 1977, Lawrence et al 1980, Nettelbeck and Wilson 1985, Ichiba 1989, LeBlanc et al 1992. Target duration values show a slight decrease (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…In backward masking experiments performed by LeBlanc et al (1992), 15-year-old participants showed a significantly greater rate of information accrual and a greater amount of information extraction, in comparison with 10-year-old children. However, the two groups did not differ on sensory transmission time, indicating that the speed of sensory transmission has already attained its maximum by the age of 10 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…According to visual masking studies performed on children, prepubertal individuals aged around 9 to 12 years seem to have the best performances, followed by adolescents, while young children have the weakest results (Avant et al 1977, Blake and Vingilis 1977, Lawrence et al 1980, Nettelbeck and Wilson 1985, Ichiba 1989, LeBlanc et al 1992). However, contrasting data have been reported (Blake and Duffy 1986).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of visual perception and attention, assessed by backward masking and application in children with epilepsy

Macchi¹,

Rossi²,

Cortinovis

et al. 2003

Develop Med Child Neuro

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Visual masking assesses visual perception and attention; it occurs when a visual stimulus (mask) interferes with the perception of a stimulus that the participant is trying to identify (target). A backward masking study (target presented before mask) was perfor Med on 662 children without disabilities (338 females), aged between 6 and 17 years, in order to evaluate if performance varies with age. In the masking procedure 10 letters were presented through a tachistoscope as target stimuli. Fragments of letters oriented at random (‘noise’) represented the mask. A slight improvement of visual performance from the beginning of school age to 9–12 years of age was found. This paper gives normative data for the most important parameters which can be used as a standardized reference for the procedure employed. We also studied 113 children with epilepsy (56 females), aged between 5 and 19 years, who attended a mainstream school and had been seizure free for at least 2 years. Children were tested just before starting antiepileptic drug withdrawal and re‐tested 1 year later; they were drug free for 3 months before the second test. These children showed, during and after treatment, only slightly worse results when compared with healthy children of the same age; after therapy withdrawal, their visual performance slightly improved but this was not statistically significant.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of visual perception and attention, assessed by backward masking and application in children with epilepsy

Macchi¹,

Rossi²,

Cortinovis

et al. 2003

Develop Med Child Neuro

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“…It is rather difficult to derive a coherent picture of masking effects during childhood, because the age groups investigated differ from study to study. However, some studies seem to suggest that children around 10 years of age show the best performances, followed by adolescents, while younger children are doing worst (Avant, Lyman, Skowronski, & Millspaugh, 1977;Blake & Vingilis, 1977;Lawrence, Kee, & Hellige, 1980;LeBlanc, Muise, & Blanchard, 1992;Nettelbeck & Wilson, 1985). Studies comparing younger and older adults are also rather rare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptual identification across the life span: a dissociation of early gains and late losses

Waszak

Schneider

et al. 2008

Psychological Research

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The age-correlated gains and losses in visual identification under backward pattern masking were studied in a representative sample of 226 individuals ranging from 6 to 88 years of age. Participants identified masked symbols at leisure under high and low stimulus quality and at varying Stimulus Onset Asynchronies. Performance increased from childhood to early adulthood and then decreased, describing the common inverted U-shaped function. However, measures of general processing speed accounted for the gains in childhood and adolescence but not for losses in older age. This asymmetry between child development and aging is inconsistent with general-factor lifespan theories of cognitive development and suggests that specific mechanisms underlying visual identification during child development and aging are different.

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“…Dies ermöglicht es älteren Kindern und Erwachsenen im Gegensatz zu jüngeren Kindern, zeitgleich mehr mentale Operationen im Arbeitsgedächtnis durchzuführen (vgl. Hale, 1990;Kail & Salthouse, 1994;LeBlanc, Muise & Blanchard, 1992). Obwohl derartige Befunde zu den klarsten und zuverlässigsten bei entwicklungspsychologischen Studien zählen, sind die Implikationen nicht so offensichtlich.…”

Section: Das Kurzzeitgedächtnis Und Die Gedächtniskapazitätunclassified

Rehearsal-Strategien im Grundschulalter - Allgemeine und differentielle Entwicklungsveränderungen

Lingen¹

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Der Forschungsprozess, der zu dieser Arbeit geführt hat, gleicht einer Expedition in ein unbekanntes Land. Die Entdeckung dieses neuen Landes, der Memorierstrategie, war ein herausforderndes und bereicherndes Unterfangen. Oft war der Weg beschwerlich, der vor mir liegende Pfad ungewiss. Zum Glück hatte ich Gefährten, die mich auf dieser Reise begleitet haben. Meinem Doktorvater und Mentor Prof. Dr. Marcus Hasselhorn danke ich für seinen fachlichen und persönlichen Rat und sein Vertrauen in mich und meine Arbeit. Sein Vorbild war für mich stets Wegweiser und Kompass auf der Reise. Maren Richter, meiner Wegbegleiterin und Kollegin, danke ich für viele Stunden der Planung, Gestaltung und Realisierung des gemeinsamen Weges. Wenn auch ihr Reiseziel ein anderes ist, so teilen wir doch die Sorgen und Freuden der gleichen Fahrt. Ohne die Bereitschaft vieler Kinder zur Teilnahme an der entwicklungspsychologischen Studie und die Offenheit ihrer Eltern, die die Datenerhebung ermöglicht haben, wäre ein so großes Forschungsprojekt nicht realisierbar gewesen. Ihnen allen gebührt mein Dank. Die Erhebung und Auswertung der Daten war erst durch die engagierte und unermüdliche Arbeit vieler Hilfskräfte und ProjektmitarbeiterInnen möglich. Besonders hervorzuheben ist hier der

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Backward visual masking in children and adolescents: Sensory transmission, accrual rate and asymptotic performance

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Development of visual perception and attention, assessed by backward masking and application in children with epilepsy

Development of visual perception and attention, assessed by backward masking and application in children with epilepsy

Perceptual identification across the life span: a dissociation of early gains and late losses

Rehearsal-Strategien im Grundschulalter - Allgemeine und differentielle Entwicklungsveränderungen

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