Bacteraemia in paediatric: Epidemiology and aetiology at tertiary care centre, Malaysia

Abu, Nor Azizah; Nor, Fadzilah Mohd; Mohamad, Mariam; Abidin, Anis Siham Zainal; Ahluwalia, Aneesha

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.735

Cited by 3 publications

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“…When screening the citations of the 80 studies, we identified an additional four studies that met our inclusion criteria, yielding a total of 84 eligible studies for analysis ( figure 1 ). 6 , 15 , 16 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 ,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complications and mortality of non-typhoidal salmonella invasive disease: a global systematic review and meta-analysis

Marchello

Birkhold

Crump

2022

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

115

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Background Non-typhoidal salmonella can cause serious, life-threatening invasive infections involving the bloodstream and other normally sterile sites. We aimed to systematically review the prevalence of complications and case-fatality ratio (CFR) of non-typhoidal salmonella invasive disease to provide contemporary global estimates and inform the development of vaccine and non-vaccine interventions. MethodsWe did a global systematic review and meta-analysis of studies investigating the complications and mortality associated with non-typhoidal salmonella invasive disease. We searched Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and PubMed for peer-reviewed, primary research articles published from database inception up to June 4, 2021, with no restrictions on language, country, date, or participant demographics. Only studies reporting the proportion of complications or deaths associated with non-typhoidal salmonella invasive disease, confirmed by culture of samples taken from a normally sterile site (eg, blood or bone marrow) were included. We excluded case reports, case series, policy reports, commentaries, editorials, and conference abstracts. Data on the prevalence of complications and CFR were abstracted. The primary outcomes were to estimate the prevalence of complications and CFR of non-typhoidal salmonella invasive disease. We calculated an overall pooled CFR estimate and pooled CFR stratified by UN region, subregion, age group, and by serovar when available with a random-effects meta-analysis. A risk-of-bias assessment was done, and heterogeneity was assessed with Cochran's Q Test, I², and τ². This study was done in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, and is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42020202293. FindingsThe systematic review returned a total of 8770 records. After duplicates were removed, 5837 titles and abstracts were screened, yielding 84 studies from 35 countries after exclusions. Of these included studies, 77 (91•7%) were hospital-based and 66 (78•6%) were located in Africa or Asia. Among 55 studies reporting non-typhoidal salmonella disease-associated complications, a total of 45 different complications were reported and 1824 complication events were identified among 6974 study participants. The most prevalent complication was septicaemia, occurring in 171 (57•2%) of 299 participants, followed by anaemia in 580 (47•3%) of 1225 participants. From 81 studies reporting the CFR of non-typhoidal salmonella invasive disease, the overall pooled CFR estimate was 14•7% (95% CI 12•2-17•3). When stratified by UN region, the pooled CFR was 17•1% (13•6-21•0) in Africa, 14•0% (9•4-19•4) in Asia, 9•9% (6•4-14•0) in Europe, and 9•6% (0•0-25•1) in the Americas. Of all 84 studies, 66 (78•6%) had an overall high risk of bias, 18 (21•4%) had a moderate risk, and none had a low risk. Substantial heterogeneity (I²>80%) was observed in most (15 [65•2%] of 23) CFR estimates. Interpretation Complications were frequent among individuals with non-typhoidal salmonella invasive disease ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complications and mortality of non-typhoidal salmonella invasive disease: a global systematic review and meta-analysis

Marchello

Birkhold

Crump

2022

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

115

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“…Además, se evidenció SARM en 52 % de los casos, lo que resulta preocupante dado el origen comunitario, siendo superior a los reportes por los grupos GREBO y GERMEN (30 y 22 %) en Colombia y, en general, en América y Europa (2,9-23 %), en cuyos países se ha evidenciado, además, una disminución de la frecuencia de estas cepas en varios estudios de seguimiento; no obstante, llama la atención que en ellos no se registró la diferencia estadística esperada entre las cepas resistentes y las sensibles en cuanto a la mortalidad y el ingreso a las unidades de cuidados intensivos pediátricos, tal como se ha hecho en algunos reportes, lo que sugiere una acentuada agresividad de Staphylococcus sensible a la meticilina adquirido en la comunidad (6,8,13). Los focos de infección más frecuentes fueron los tejidos blandos y osteoarticulares, lo que coincide con lo reportado más frecuentemente en la literatura médica especializada (14,15).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Relación entre la muerte y el ingreso a cuidados intensivos de pacientes pediátricos con bacteriemia por Staphylococcus aureus adquirido en la comunidad, 2014-2017

2021

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Introducción. La bacteriemia por Staphylococcus aureus adquirida en la comunidad (SAAC) es una condición frecuente en pediatría que, además, constituye un problema de salud pública por las altas tasas de morbimortalidad y de resistencia bacteriana.Objetivos. Analizar los factores relacionados con la muerte y el ingreso a cuidados intensivos de pacientes menores de 18 años con bacteriemia por SA-AC que ingresaron al Hospital Infantil Los Ángeles de Pasto, Colombia, entre el 2014 y el 2017.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio observacional descriptivo y transversal. Se analizaron 86 pacientes con bacteriemia por SA-AC que cumplían los criterios de inclusión en el estudio utilizando un modelo multivariado de regresión logística.Resultados. El 25,6 % de los 86 pacientes falleció y el 40,7 % ingresó a la unidad de cuidados intensivos. La resistencia a la meticilina fue de 52,3 %. Los focos principales de infección fueron los tejidos blandos, el sistema osteoarticular y el respiratorio. El 32,6 % de los pacientes provenía de la zona del Pacífico de Nariño. Las etnias predominantes fueron la mestiza y la indígena. Entre los indígenas hubo mayor mortalidad que entre mestizos y afrocolombianos. En el análisis multivariado de la variable de muerte, se registró significación de la endocarditis (odds ratio, OR ajustado=20; IC95%1,5-254; p=0,02); no se registró significación estadística en cuanto al ingreso en la unidad de cuidados intensivos.Conclusiones. La bacteriemia por SA-AC determinó altas tasas de mortalidad e ingreso a la unidad de cuidados intensivos. Las cepas resistentes representaron el 52,3 %, y la resistencia a la meticilina desembocó en una mayor mortalidad, aunque la mortalidad con cepas sensibles también fue considerable. La endocarditis fue responsable de una mortalidad bastante elevada. Se debe ajustar el tratamiento empírico cuando se sospeche bacteriemia por SA-AC.

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“…1 Information about etiological agents involved in causing community-acquired bacteremia and their antibiotic resistance pattern will help to improve empiric antibiotic therapy and consequently patient outcomes. 2 In developing countries, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella spp. and Escherichia coli account for 55% (95% con dence interval (CI) 39-70%) of culture positive sepsis among neonates, while in infants the most prevalent pathogens are S. aureus, E. coli, Klebsiella spp., S. pneumoniae and Salmonella spp., which account for 59% (95% CI 26-92%) of culture-positive sepsis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiology, Antibiotic Susceptibility and Prognostic Factors of Pediatric Community-Acquired Sepsis in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Negash

Asrat

Abebe

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: There is a scarcity of data on pediatric community-acquired sepsis (CAS) in Ethiopia. We sought to determine the etiology, antibiotic susceptibility pattern, and prognostic factors in children with CAS in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study of 101 children aged 0-15 yrs with suspected CAS was performed. Blood culture, antibiotic susceptibility testing, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) of the autolysin (lytA) gene from whole blood samples and typing Streptococcus pneumoniae by sequencing the cpsB gene and using Quellung reaction were performed. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression.Results: The prevalence of culture-positive CAS was 14.9 % (15/101). S. pneumoniae (26.7%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (26.7%) were the most common causes of CAS. The four isolated pneumococci belonged to serotypes 19A (n = 2), 33C and 12F. Half of K. pneumoniae isolates were resistant to gentamicin and ceftriaxone. The case-fatality rate was 11.9% (12/101). In univariate analysis, age of 28 days - 1year (odds ratio (OR), 0.1; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.01-0.98; P, 0.048), body temperature of 37.5 0C - 38.5 0C (OR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.05-0.82; P, 0.026) were negatively associated with mortality. Presence of underlying comorbidity (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 6.8; 95% CI, 1.59-28.7; P, 0.009) was an independent predictor of mortality.Conclusions: Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the major causes of CAS and there was a substantial level of antibiotic resistance among isolates. Presence of underlying comorbidity was a predictor of mortality. Large scale studies on etiology, antibiotic susceptibility pattern and prognostic factors of CAS in Ethiopia are warranted.

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Bacteraemia in paediatric: Epidemiology and aetiology at tertiary care centre, Malaysia

Abstract: Conclusion:In this cohort of infants, ARI incidence was 1.8 episodes per year per infant; 95% were URTIs. Viruses were identified in 63.3% episodes and the common viruses detected were RV, RSV and parainfluenza virus.

Cited by 3 publications

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Complications and mortality of non-typhoidal salmonella invasive disease: a global systematic review and meta-analysis

Complications and mortality of non-typhoidal salmonella invasive disease: a global systematic review and meta-analysis

Relación entre la muerte y el ingreso a cuidados intensivos de pacientes pediátricos con bacteriemia por Staphylococcus aureus adquirido en la comunidad, 2014-2017

Etiology, Antibiotic Susceptibility and Prognostic Factors of Pediatric Community-Acquired Sepsis in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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