Bacteremia in Children Infected with HIV/AIDS in Minna, Niger State, Nigeria

Kolo, O. O.; Galadima, M; Daniyan, S. Y.; Abalaka, M. E.; Saidu, Talatu B.

doi:10.9734/bmrj/2015/17110

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The prevalence rate of 34.9% obtained from this study was similar to 37.1% recorded by Imade et al [6] in Benin Nigeria from the same geopolitical zone like Calabar. It was however higher than 21% reported by Kolo et al [7] in Minna, North-Central Nigeria and 21.4% reported by workers in Uganda and Zimbabwe [8,9]. It is much higher than 12.8% reported by Berkley et al [10] in Kenya.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Asymptomatic Bacteremia in Children Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Calabar, South-South, Nigeria

Ochigbo

Ikpeme

Ewa

et al. 2015

Int. J. Child Health Nutr.

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Background: Asymptomatic Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected children are prone to serious bacterial infection as a result of poor immunity.Objective: This was to determine the common pathogenic organisms responsible for bacteremia among asymptomatic HIV infected children attending the outpatient clinics at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. Subjects and Methods:This prospective non randomized cross-sectional study was conducted over 6months from January 1st to 30th June 2014 among cohorts of HIV infected Anti-retroviral (ARV) naive and experienced children attending the clinic. Ethical approval was obtained from the ethical committee of the institution. Blood culture specimens were collected from all HIV infected patients who met the criteria for enrollment. All specimens with isolated bacteria organisms were treated with antibiotics according to the sensitivity pattern, in addition to administered Anti-retroviral drugs.Results: Out of the total of 109 patients recruited, 38(34.9%) had bacteremia. There were more males (57.9%), and most of them (63.2%) had Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) for more than 24weeks. Bacteremia was inversely proportional to the CD4 count. The commonest organism isolated was unclassified Coliforms (47.3%) followed by Staphyloccocus aureus (39.5%). Conclusions:HIV infected children are prone to bacteremia especially among those with low CD4 count. Coliform was the commonest organism isolated. We recommend that HIV infected children be routinely investigated for bacteremia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Asymptomatic Bacteremia in Children Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Calabar, South-South, Nigeria

Ochigbo

Ikpeme

Ewa

et al. 2015

Int. J. Child Health Nutr.

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“…These patients have generally been older children, some of them having an underlying severe disease such as leukemia, histiocytosis, SLE, Netherton syndrome, or sickle cell disease. Other epidemiologic infectious disease studies have included children with S arizonae among other bacterial infections: Kolo et al [ 32 ] have found 9 pediatric cases with bacteremia with S arizonae (5 of them being infected with HIV), of 102 bateriemic patients during a 6-month period in Nigeria. Meyer Sauteur [ 33 ] identified 9 cases of S arizonae among 182 children with reptile-associated salmonellosis, most of them (177 children) being previously healthy children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Message from a turtle”

et al. 2017

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Rationale:Salmonella enterica subsp arizonae is a common gut inhabitant of reptiles (snakes are the most common reservoir, but it also occurs in turtles). Alhough human cases owing to this organism are exceedingly rare, it may occasionally infect young infants and immunocompromised individuals with a history of intimate associations with reptiles. Our case is the 20th one among the infections with S arizonae in children, but the 2nd one of otitis and the first of mastoiditis. The other cases had different anatomical locations, such as gastroenteritis, osteomyelitis, meningitis, ankle infection, wound infection, and sinusitis.Patient concerns and diagnosis:We report a rare case of otitis with Salmonella in a previously healthy adolescent, which was most likely acquired after bathing in a lake. The ear infection was complicated with mastoiditis. Audiometric testing showed a moderately conductive hearing loss (60 dB on pure-tone average).Intervention:Standard therapy for S arizonae was initiated. The surgery revealed a “hidden” cholesteatoma. Surgical management comprised of canal wall up mastoidectomy with attico-antrotomy and posterior tympanotomy followed by tympanoplasty.Outcomes:Daily postoperative dressing care of the incision, along with antibiotic lavage of the external auditory canal packing, ensured a favorable evolution. The functional gain was important; the 1-month postsurgical pure tone audiogram indicated nearly normal hearing (a mean of 25 dB for air conduction thresholds).Lesson:Salmonella enterica serotype arizonae is a rare cause of human infection, being a common organism in reptiles, like snakes and turtles. Young children are at a particular risk for acquiring such infections. Our study might encourage further epidemiologic investigations into these infections to generate a more effective strategy among public health agencies.

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“…Beban hidup terkait kesehatan Anak dengan HIV sangat berat. Anakanak yang terinfeksi HIV memiliki risiko berbagai penyakit selama hidupnya seperti diare, TBC, adanya pola bacterimia, memperburuk sistem kekebalan tubuh dan risiko malnutrisi (Kolo, et al, 2015;Rahman, 2016;Acácio et al, 2018).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Kondisi Klinis dan Determinan Status Gizi Anak dengan HIV/AIDS (ADHA)

Sitorus

Camelia²,

Maryatun³

et al. 2022

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Globally, nearly 2.6 million children under 15 years of age have been infected with HIV with 40-64% experiencing malnutrition. Children born to HIV-positive mothers with CD4 <200 cells/mm3 are more likely to have poor birth outcomes, increase infant morbidity and mortality, and the development of comorbidities. Viral suppression from a young age in children with Perinatal HIV (PHIV) continues to show neurocognitive deficits. This study aims to determine the clinical conditions and determinants of the nutritional status of children with HIV/AIDS. This research is quantitative research with a cross-sectional study design. The study population was pediatric patients with HIV/AIDS who reached health services at M. Hosein Hospital Palembang from 2019-May 2022 with a total sample of 75 ADHA. The data were analyzed descriptively and bivariate. The results showed the nutritional status of ADHA. The results showed that the nutritional status of ADHA for women was higher than for ADHA for men, but not significantly different with 0.817>alpha (0.05). In this study, the average nutritional status of ADHA who did not have comorbidities was higher than that of ADHA who had comorbidities. The average difference in nutritional status was statistically significant with a p-value of 0.018<alpha (0.05). From this study, it can be concluded that the potential risk of HIV transmission to children from a mother with HIV is very high. The impact of HIV on children is the low nutritional status so it has an impact on opportunistic infections.

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Bacteremia in Children Infected with HIV/AIDS in Minna, Niger State, Nigeria

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Asymptomatic Bacteremia in Children Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Calabar, South-South, Nigeria

Asymptomatic Bacteremia in Children Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Calabar, South-South, Nigeria

“Message from a turtle”

Kondisi Klinis dan Determinan Status Gizi Anak dengan HIV/AIDS (ADHA)

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