Bacteria can mobilize nematode-trapping fungi to kill nematodes

Wang, Xin; Li, Guo Hong; Zou, Cheng; Ji, Xing; Liu, Tong; Zhao, Pengshan; Liang, Lian Ming; Xu, Jian; An, Zhiqiang; Zheng, Xi; Qin, Yue Ke; Tian, Meng Qing; Xu, Y.Y.; Cheng, Yi; Yu, Ze Fen; Huang, Xiao; Liu, Shu Qun; Niu, Xue; Yang, Jinkui; Huang, Ying; Zhang, Ke Qin

doi:10.1038/ncomms6776

Cited by 97 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Furthermore, the urea metabolite ammonia functions as a signal molecule in the fungus to initiate the lifestyle switch to form trap structures (Wang et al . ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Induction of trap formation in nematode-trapping fungi by bacteria-released ammonia

Wang

et al. 2016

Lett Appl Microbiol

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A total of 11 bacterial strains were assayed for bacteria-induced trap formation in the nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora YMF1·01883 with two-compartmented Petri dish. These strains were identified on the basis of their 16S rRNA gene sequences. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of eight isolates were extracted using solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) and their structures were identified based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). At the same time, all isolates were used for quantitative measurement of ammonia by the indophenol blue method. The effects of pure commercial compounds on inducement of trap formation in A. oligospora were tested. Taken together, results demonstrated that the predominant bacterial volatile compound inducing trap formation was ammonia. Meanwhile, ammonia also played a role in other nematode-trapping fungi, including Arthrobotrys guizhouensis YMF1·00014, producing adhesive nets; Dactylellina phymatopaga YMF1·01474, producing adhesive knobs; Dactylellina cionopaga YMF1·01472, producing adhesive columns and Drechslerella brochopaga YMF1·01829, producing constricting rings.

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“…Furthermore, the urea metabolite ammonia functions as a signal molecule in the fungus to initiate the lifestyle switch to form trap structures (Wang et al . ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Induction of trap formation in nematode-trapping fungi by bacteria-released ammonia

Wang

et al. 2016

Lett Appl Microbiol

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“…Disruption of genes involved in urea transport and metabolism in A. oligospora abolishes the urea‐induced trap formation. Furthermore, the urea metabolite ammonia functions as a signal molecule in the fungus to initiate the lifestyle switch to form trap structures (Wang et al ., ).…”

Section: Inducers and Trap Formationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Recently, Wang et al . () reported a defensive mechanism used by certain bacteria to mobilize NTF to kill nematodes. These bacteria release urea, which triggers a lifestyle switch in the fungus A. oligospora from saprophytic to nematode‐predatory by producing traps.…”

Section: Inducers and Trap Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The compounds and/or factors responsible for inducing trap formation have been a topic of research for several decades (e.g. Pramer & Stoll, 1959;Dijksterhuis et al, 1994;Xie et al, 2010;Hsueh et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2014). Many studies have shown that the direct contact of living nematodes with hyphae is highly effective in inducing trap formation (e.g.…”

Section: Inducers and Trap Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scanning electron microscopy of A. oligospora co-cultured with bacteria revealed that bacterial attachment to hyphae was a prerequisite to trap formation and that bacteria-free filtrate facilitated bacterial attachment to hyphae . Recently, Wang et al (2014) reported a defensive mechanism used by certain bacteria to mobilize NTF to kill nematodes. These bacteria release urea, which triggers a lifestyle switch in the fungus A. oligospora from saprophytic to nematode-predatory by producing traps.…”

Section: Inducers and Trap Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trapping devices of nematode-trapping fungi: formation, evolution, and genomic perspectives

Yong

Zhou

et al. 2015

Biol Rev

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Nematode-trapping fungi (NTF) are potential biological control agents against plant- and animal-parasitic nematodes. These fungi produce diverse trapping devices (traps) to capture, kill, and digest nematodes as food sources. Most NTF can live as both saprophytes and parasites. Traps are not only the weapons that NTF use to capture and infect nematodes, but also an important indicator of their switch from a saprophytic to a predacious lifestyle. Formation of traps and their numbers are closely related to the nematicidal activity of NTF, so the mechanisms governing trap formation have become a focus of research on NTF. Recently, much progress has been made in our understanding of trap formation, evolution, and the genome, proteome and transcriptome of NTF. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in research on traps of NTF. Various inducers of trap formation, trap development, structural properties and evolution of traps are summarized and discussed. We specifically discuss the latest studies of NTF based on genomic, proteomic and transcriptomic analyses.

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Biotic interactions in soil and dung shape parasite transmission in temperate ruminant systems: An integrative framework

Boughton,

Lancaster,

Morgan

2024

Ecological Applications

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Gastrointestinal helminth parasites undergo part of their life cycle outside their host, such that developmental stages interact with the soil and dung fauna. These interactions are capable of affecting parasite transmission on pastures yet are generally ignored in current models, empirical studies and practical management. Dominant methods of parasite control, which rely on anthelmintic medications for livestock, are becoming increasingly ineffective due to the emergence of drug‐resistant parasite populations. Furthermore, consumer and regulatory pressure on decreased chemical use in agriculture and the consequential disruption of biological processes in the dung through nontarget effects exacerbates issues with anthelmintic reliance. This presents a need for the application and enhancement of nature‐based solutions and biocontrol methods. However, successfully harnessing these options relies on advanced understanding of the ecological system and interacting effects among biotic factors and with immature parasite stages. Here, we develop a framework linking three key groups of dung and soil fauna—fungi, earthworms, and dung beetles—with each other and developmental stages of helminths parasitic in farmed cattle, sheep, and goats in temperate grazing systems. We populate this framework from existing published studies and highlight the interplay between faunal groups and documented ecological outcomes. Of 1756 papers addressing abiotic drivers of populations of these organisms and helminth parasites, only 112 considered interactions between taxa and 36 presented data on interactions between more than two taxonomic groups. Results suggest that fungi reduce parasite abundance and earthworms may enhance fungal communities, while competition between dung taxa may reduce their individual effect on parasite transmission. Dung beetles were found to impact fungal populations and parasite transmission variably, possibly tied to the prevailing climate within a specific ecological context. By exploring combinations of biotic factors, we consider how interactions between species may be fundamental to the ecological consequences of biocontrol strategies and nontarget impacts of anthelmintics on dung and soil fauna and how pasture management alterations to promote invertebrates might help limit parasite transmission. With further development and parameterization the framework could be applied quantitatively to guide, prioritize, and interpret hypothesis‐driven experiments and integrate biotic factors into established models of parasite transmission dynamics.

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Bacteria can mobilize nematode-trapping fungi to kill nematodes

Cited by 97 publications

References 36 publications

Induction of trap formation in nematode-trapping fungi by bacteria-released ammonia

Induction of trap formation in nematode-trapping fungi by bacteria-released ammonia

Trapping devices of nematode-trapping fungi: formation, evolution, and genomic perspectives

Biotic interactions in soil and dung shape parasite transmission in temperate ruminant systems: An integrative framework

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