Bacteria-derived long chain fatty acid exhibits anti-inflammatory properties in colitis

Abstract

ObjectiveData from clinical research suggest that certain probiotic bacterial strains have the potential to modulate colonic inflammation. Nonetheless, these data differ between studies due to the probiotic bacterial strains used and the poor knowledge of their mechanisms of action.DesignBy mass-spectrometry, we identified and quantified free long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) in probiotics and assessed the effect of one of them in mouse colitis.ResultsAmong all the LCFAs quantified by mass spectrometry in Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN), a probiotic used for the treatment of multiple intestinal disorders, the concentration of 3-hydroxyoctadecaenoic acid (C18-3OH) was increased in EcN compared with other E. coli strains tested. Oral administration of C18-3OH decreased colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium in mice. To determine whether other bacteria composing the microbiota are able to produce C18-3OH, we targeted the gut microbiota of mice with prebiotic fructooligosaccharides (FOS). The anti-inflammatory properties of FOS were associated with an increase in colonic C18-3OH concentration. Microbiota analyses revealed that the concentration of C18-3OH was correlated with an increase in the abundance in Allobaculum, Holdemanella and Parabacteroides. In culture, Holdemanella biformis produced high concentration of C18-3OH. Finally, using TR-FRET binding assay and gene expression analysis, we demonstrated that the C18-3OH is an agonist of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma.ConclusionThe production of C18-3OH by bacteria could be one of the mechanisms implicated in the anti-inflammatory properties of probiotics. The production of LCFA-3OH by bacteria could be implicated in the microbiota/host interactions.

Holdemanella biformis improves glucose tolerance and regulates GLP‐1 signaling in obese mice

“…33,51,52 Partly in line with our findings, previous studies have shown that H. biformis displays anti-inflammatory and antitumourigenic effects through both SCFAs and LCFAs production, 30,31 which are also PYY and GLP-1 secretagogues. 53 H. biformis could contribute to increasing the levels of oleic and α linolenic acid through its own capacity to produce C18 FAs, 31 amplifying some of the HFHSD-associated effects. Furthermore, H. biformis-induced changes in gut microbiota composition might also account for changes in intraluminal LCFAs metabolism.…”

“…Partly in line with our findings, previous studies have shown that H . biformis displays anti‐inflammatory and antitumourigenic effects through both SCFAs and LCFAs production, 30,31 which are also PYY and GLP‐1 secretagogues 53 …”

Assessing the Effect of Interaction Between C-Reactive Protein and Gut Microbiome on the Risks of Anxiety and Depression

“…The production of it by bacteria could be one of the mechanisms implicated in the anti-in ammatory properties of probiotics. In addition, C18-3OH correlated with an increase in the abundance in Holdemanella (49). In a previous animal study, higher loading of Holdemanella and Desulfovermiculus were found in Obsessive-compulsive patients (50).…”

Peripheral Opioid Receptor Blockade Enhances Epithelial Damage in Piroxicam-Accelerated Colitis in IL-10-Deficient Mice

“…Peak detection, integration, and quantitative analysis were performed with MassHunter Quantitative analysis software (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA). For each standard, calibration curves were built using 10 solutions at concentrations ranging from 0.95 to 500 ng mL −1 [ 69 , 70 ].…”