Bacterial Adherence to Plant and Animal Surfaces Via Adhesin-Lipid Interactions

Rossi, Claire; Cazzola, Hélène; Holden, Nicola; Rossez, Yannick

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-72473-7_13-1

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 113 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…Omega-3 fatty acids are converted as well to bioactive mediators, termed specialized pro-resolving mediators, that actively reprogram the host immune response to limit inflammation (55). However, little is known about the biophysical impact on bacterial adhesion and colonization of these fatty acids of the plasma membrane (35). Our results support the idea that a fatty acid diet can affect human health and, more surprisingly, host susceptibility to enteric pathogens by influencing flagellar adhesion on the plasma membrane.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Interactions with the plasma membrane are crucial for bacterial adhesion. Until recently, only a few studies have paid attention to enteric pathogens infection and plasma membrane lipid content during host invasion (35). Most of studies have focused on proteins as target for bacterial adhesion (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6C) with a significant impact of membrane fluidity on the strength of flagellum-membrane binding. Based on these observations, we next addressed the role of plasma membrane fluidity with membrane models mimicking lipid rafts as they have been suggested to play a role in bacterial adhesion (19,35) (Fig. 7A).…”

Section: Interactions Of Bacterial Flagella With Cell Lines and Lipidmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of plasma membrane lipid composition on flagella-mediated adhesion of enterohemorrhagicEscherichia coli

Cazzola

Lemaire

Acket

et al. 2020

Preprint

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AbstractEnterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 is a major cause of foodborne gastrointestinal illness. The adhesion of EHEC on host tissues is the first step enabling bacterial colonization. Adhesins like fimbriae and flagella mediate this mechanism. Here, we studied the interaction of the bacterial flagellum with the host cell’s plasma membrane using Giant Unilamellar Vesicles (GUVs) as a biologically relevant model. Cultured cell lines contain many different molecular components including proteins and glycoproteins. In contrast, with GUVs we can characterize the bacterial mode of interaction solely with a defined lipid part of the cell membrane. Bacterial adhesion on GUVs was dependent on the presence of the flagellar filament and its motility. By testing different phospholipid head groups, the nature of the fatty acid chains or the liposome curvature, we found that lipid packing is a key parameter to enable bacterial adhesion. Using HT-29 cells grown in the presence of polyunsaturated fatty acid (α-linolenic acid) or saturated fatty acid (palmitic acid), we found that α-linolenic acid reduced adhesion of wild type EHEC but not of a non-flagellated mutant. Finally, our results reveal that the presence of flagella is advantageous for the bacteria to bind to lipid rafts. We speculate that polyunsaturated fatty acids prevent flagellar adhesion on membrane bilayers and play a clear role for optimal host colonization. Flagella-mediated adhesion to plasma membranes has broad implications to host-pathogen interactions.ImportanceBacterial adhesion is a crucial step to allow bacteria to colonize their hosts, invade tissues and form biofilm. Enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7 is a human pathogen and the causative agent of diarrhea and hemorrhagic colitis. Here, we use biomimetic membrane models and cell lines to decipher the impact of lipid content of the plasma membrane on enterohemorrhagic E. coli flagella-mediated adhesion. Our findings provide evidence that polyunsaturated fatty acid (α-linolenic acid) inhibits E. coli flagella adhesion to the plasma membrane in a mechanism separate from its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory functions. In addition, we confirm that cholesterol-enriched lipid microdomains, often called lipid rafts are important in bacterial adhesion. These findings significantly strengthen plasma membrane adhesion via bacterial flagella in an important human pathogen. This mechanism represents a promising target for the development of novel anti-adhesion therapies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interactions Of Bacterial Flagella With Cell Lines and Lipidmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of plasma membrane lipid composition on flagella-mediated adhesion of enterohemorrhagicEscherichia coli

Cazzola

Lemaire

Acket

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Based on these observations, we next addressed the role of plasma membrane fluidity with membrane models mimicking lipid rafts, as they have been suggested to play a role in bacterial adhesion ( 21 , 36 ) or in E. coli flagellar adhesion ( 22 ) to epithelial cells. Three lipids were used for these experiments: POPC, cholesterol (chol), and palmitoyl sphingomyelin (PSM).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different strategies can be used by enteropathogenic bacteria to overcome this barrier, such as the use of mucin-degrading enzymes ( 43 , 44 ), near surface swimming and mucus breaches ( 45 ), and Shiga toxin (Stx) production by Shiga toxin-producing E. coli to damage the intestinal barrier ( 46 ). Until recently, only a few studies have paid attention to enteric pathogen infection and plasma membrane lipid content during host invasion ( 36 ). Most of the studies have focused on proteins as targets for bacterial adhesion ( 23 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Plasma Membrane Lipid Composition on Flagellum-Mediated Adhesion of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli

Cazzola

Lemaire

Acket

et al. 2020

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Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 is a major cause of foodborne gastrointestinal illness. The adhesion of EHEC to host tissues is the first step enabling bacterial colonization. Adhesins such as fimbriae and flagella mediate this process. Here, we studied the interaction of the bacterial flagellum with the host cell’s plasma membrane using giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) as a biologically relevant model. Cultured cell lines contain many different molecular components, including proteins and glycoproteins. In contrast, with GUVs, we can characterize the bacterial mode of interaction solely with a defined lipid part of the cell membrane. Bacterial adhesion on GUVs was dependent on the presence of the flagellar filament and its motility. By testing different phospholipid head groups, the nature of the fatty acid chains, or the liposome curvature, we found that lipid packing is a key parameter to enable bacterial adhesion. Using HT-29 cells grown in the presence of polyunsaturated fatty acid (α-linolenic acid) or saturated fatty acid (palmitic acid), we found that α-linolenic acid reduced adhesion of wild-type EHEC but not of a nonflagellated mutant. Finally, our results reveal that the presence of flagella is advantageous for the bacteria to bind to lipid rafts. We speculate that polyunsaturated fatty acids prevent flagellar adhesion on membrane bilayers and play a clear role for optimal host colonization. Flagellum-mediated adhesion to plasma membranes has broad implications for host-pathogen interactions. IMPORTANCE Bacterial adhesion is a crucial step to allow bacteria to colonize their hosts, invade tissues, and form biofilm. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a human pathogen and the causative agent of diarrhea and hemorrhagic colitis. Here, we use biomimetic membrane models and cell lines to decipher the impact of lipid content of the plasma membrane on enterohemorrhagic E. coli flagellum-mediated adhesion. Our findings provide evidence that polyunsaturated fatty acid (α-linolenic acid) inhibits E. coli flagellar adhesion to the plasma membrane in a mechanism separate from its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory functions. In addition, we confirm that cholesterol-enriched lipid microdomains, often called lipid rafts, are important in bacterial adhesion. These findings demonstrate that plasma membrane adhesion via bacterial flagella play a significant role for an important human pathogen. This mechanism represents a promising target for the development of novel antiadhesion therapies.

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