Bacterial Adhesiveness: Effects of the SH Metabolite of Erdosteine (Mucoactive Drug) plus Clarithromycin versus Clarithromycin Alone

Braga, Pier Carlo; Zuccotti, T.; Sasso, M. Dal

doi:10.1159/000063223

Cited by 31 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…It also agrees with that of Ndour et al [23] who suggested that the decrease of attachment of H. influenzae with epithelial cells after treatment with carbocysteine was possibly due to the decrease of the mammalian cell surface charge. Conversely, the results of the present study is inconsistent with that of Braga et al [22] who found that the mucoactive drug erdosteine interferes with bacterial adherence via inducing stereochemical conformational changes in the structure of pilin, a protein of bacterial fimbriae. It is noteworthy that the antiadherent effect of some mucolytics observed in this study was significantly higher upon using M1 (only mammalian cells come in contact with the drug) as compared to M3 test model (both bacteria and mammalian cells come in contact with the drug simultaneously; P≤0.05).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…The observed antiadherent effect of these mucolytics comes in accordance with that of Riise et al [10] who reported that the mucolytic N-acetyl cysteine reduced the adherence of S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae to oropharyngeal epithelial cells. Similar observation was reported by Braga et al [22] regarding the adherence of S. aureus to human mucosal cells. Moreover, it agrees with that reported by Zheng et al [11] who proposed that one of the mechanisms of mucoregulating drugs to decrease the episode of respiratory infections is by inhibiting the attachment of bacteria to the upper respiratory tract.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Activity of some Mucolytics Against Bacterial Adherence to Mammalian Cells

Hafez

Aboulwafa

Yassien

et al. 2008

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

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In this article, some mucolytic agents were tested for their activity to prevent bacterial adherence to mammalian cells. Preliminary screening for antiadherent activity showed that ambroxol, bromhexine, ammonium chloride, and ammonium acetate but neither guaiphenesin nor carbocysteine significantly reduced the adherence of the tested clinical isolates to cultured mammalian cells. The antiadherent effect of such agents was observed when mammalian cells were treated with these agents either before or after bacterial adherence, and this effect was exhibited in a dose-dependent manner. The minimum concentrations of ambroxol, bromhexine, ammonium chloride, and ammonium acetate required for mammalian cells treatment to prevent bacterial adherence were 2.5, 5, 50, and 20 ng/ml, respectively, whereas significantly higher mucolytic concentrations were required to eradicate bacteria that adhered to mammalian cells. Upon treatment of mammalian cells with mucolytics, the maximum reduction in adherence of the tested isolates attained by ambroxol, bromhexine, ammonium chloride, ammonium acetate were 99%, 98%, 75%, and 54% to that of control, respectively. Insignificant difference existed between the antiadherent activities of ambroxol and bromhexine, while both agents had significantly higher effect than ammonium chloride and ammonium acetate. Pretreatment of the immobilized mucin with ambroxol, bromhexine, ammonium chloride, or ammonium acetate reduced the adherence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and staphylococcal isolates to this receptor analogue. A strong correlation was observed for the antiadherent activity of the tested mucolytics in case of mammalian cells and immobilized mucin. Moreover, pretreatment of the immobilized receptor analogues chondroitin sulfate-B and heparin with the abovementioned agents significantly reduced the adherence of Staphylococcus aureus, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli isolates to such immobilized glycoproteins.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Activity of some Mucolytics Against Bacterial Adherence to Mammalian Cells

Hafez

Aboulwafa

Yassien

et al. 2008

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

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“…NAC is known to disrupt disulphide bonds, therefore this protein might be a target for NAC which would impair its folding and, consequently, flagellar assembly. Similarly erdosteine, a mucolytic agent, is capable of opening disulphide bonds of pilin, a constituent of the bacterial motility mechanism in Staphylococcus aureus (Braga et al, 2001).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

N‐acetylcysteine interferes with the biofilm formation, motility and epiphytic behaviour of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri

et al. 2015

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Citrus canker is caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri. Bacterial biofilm formation is important in the development of this disease because it is a factor in epiphytic bacterial survival on leaves and in infection. N-acetylcysteine (NAC), in addition to having antibacterial properties, reduces biofilm formation by a variety of bacteria and was therefore tested for impairing biofilm formation by X. citri. Copper is currently the antimicrobial compound most commonly applied in agriculture to control citrus canker. Therefore, this study also evaluated a possible synergistic effect between NAC and copper to improve the strategy for controlling this phytopathogen. NAC was found to decrease biofilm formation, the production of extracellular polysaccharides and bacterial stickiness. Motility was also affected in the presence of NAC. The best combination of NAC and copper for controlling X. citri was application of NAC followed by copper 48 h later. The concentrations of 6 mg mL À1 of NAC and 3Á5 lg mL À1 of copper were able to kill X. citri. NAC inhibited the epiphytic behaviour of X. citri on leaves, altering cell growth and the bacterial ability to form biofilms. The addition of copper to cells previously treated with NAC enhanced its bactericidal activity. In conclusion, NAC has antibacterial properties against X. citri, interfering with bacterial growth, motility and biofilm formation. Under epiphytic conditions, NAC made the cells more susceptible to copper by affecting X. citri biofilm formation. This study opens new possibilities for the use of NAC in combination with copper, possibly resulting in more sustainable management of citrus canker.

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“…Erdosteine is a more recently developed mucoactive drug which addresses some of the problems associated with older drugs in this class [ 13 ]. Erdosteine has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but also modulates bacterial adhesiveness, properties potentially of value in the treatment or prevention of exacerbations [ 14 – 16 ]. Preliminary clinical data (EQUALIFE study) suggested that erdosteine, as an add-on therapy, could reduce the exacerbation rate and time spent in hospital, and improve health-related QoL in COPD patients [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of erdosteine on the rate and duration of COPD exacerbations: the RESTORE study

Negro¹,

et al. 2017

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Oxidative stress contributes to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations and antioxidants can decrease exacerbation rates, although we lack data about the effect of such drugs on exacerbation duration.The RESTORE (Reducing Exacerbations and Symptoms by Treatment with ORal Erdosteine in COPD) study was a prospective randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, enrolling patients aged 40–80 years with Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease stage II/III. Patients received erdosteine 300 mg twice daily or placebo added to usual COPD therapy for 12 months. The primary outcome was the number of acute exacerbations during the study.In the pre-specified intention-to-treat population of 445 patients (74% male; mean age 64.8 years, forced expiratory volume in 1 s 51.8% predicted) erdosteine reduced the exacerbation rate by 19.4% (0.91 versus. 1.13 exacerbations·patient−1·year−1 for erdosteine and placebo, respectively; p=0.01), due to an effect on mild events; the reduction in the rate of mild exacerbations was 57.1% (0.23 versus 0.54 exacerbations·patient−1·year−1 for erdosteine and placebo, respectively; p=0.002). No significant difference was observed in the rate of moderate and severe exacerbations (0.68 versus 0.59 exacerbations·patient−1·year−1 for erdosteine and placebo, respectively; p=0.054) despite a trend in favour of the comparison group. Erdosteine decreased the exacerbation duration irrespective of event severity by 24.6% (9.55 versus 12.63 days for erdosteine and placebo, respectively; p=0.023). Erdosteine significantly improved subject and physician subjective severity scores (p=0.022 and p=0.048, respectively), and reduced the use of reliever medication (p<0.001), but did not affect the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire score or the time to first exacerbation.In patients with COPD, erdosteine can reduce both the rate and duration of exacerbations. The percentage of patients with adverse events was similar in both the placebo and erdosteine treatment groups.

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Bacterial Adhesiveness: Effects of the SH Metabolite of Erdosteine (Mucoactive Drug) plus Clarithromycin versus Clarithromycin Alone

Cited by 31 publications

References 12 publications

Activity of some Mucolytics Against Bacterial Adherence to Mammalian Cells

Activity of some Mucolytics Against Bacterial Adherence to Mammalian Cells

N‐acetylcysteine interferes with the biofilm formation, motility and epiphytic behaviour of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri

Effect of erdosteine on the rate and duration of COPD exacerbations: the RESTORE study

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