Bacterial and plankton communities in mariculture water sources: a case study in Nampu and Sembukan seawaters, Wonogiri, Indonesia

Abstract

Seawaters in Indonesia, part of the tropical marine ecosystem, have great microbial and plankton diversity. Seawater is used as a water source for marine aquacultures, such as shrimp, milkfish, lobster, and mud crab. Sustainability of environmental resources for supporting aquaculture activities can be assessed by analyzing the actual conditions of the water source environment, including bacterial and plankton communities. However, the characteristics of bacteria and plankton communities in Indonesian seawaters have not been well documented. In this study, we investigated the bacterial and plankton communities in surface seawater from two coastal areas, i.e. Nampu and Sembukan, Wonogiri regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Bacterial diversity was analyzed using the Illumina-based high throughput sequencing with a primer set targeting the V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Meanwhile, the plankton community (phytoplankton and zooplankton) was calculated and identified using a counting chamber method. Sequencing analysis revealed that the five dominant bacterial phyla in the two seawater samples were similar, consisting of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteriodetes, and Cyanobacteria. Although the two sites are separated by several kilometres, the distribution of dominant bacterial phyla in both seawater samples is similar. Phytoplankton in Nampu and Sembukan were similarly dominated by Trichodesmium sp., Navicula sp., and Rhabdonema sp. Dominant zooplankton in the two sites were Euterpina, Nauplius, Oithona sp., Oncaea sp., Tigriopus sp., and Gastropoda larvae. The seawater in Nampu and Sembukan is suitable as a water source for aquaculture.

Assessment of Bacterial Community Profile in the Rearing Pond Environment and the Intestinal Tract of Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in Lampung Province, Indonesia using 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing: A Short Research Investigation

“…High-throughput sequencing (HTS) based on the bacterial 16S rRNA gene has been widely used as a comprehensive technique to identify the bacterial diversity in aquaculture pond water, sediment, and intestinal tract of farmed shrimp. Southern sea waters such as in Nampu and Sembukan waters, Wonogiri Regency, showed that Actinobacteria and Firmicutes are the dominant bacteria followed by Bacteroidetes and Cyanobacteria groups [9]. The 16S rRNA bacterial analysis of the shrimp rearing water in Banyuwangi proved the dominance of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, and the shrimp's intestinal tract also had almost similar bacterial diversity [10].…”