Bacterial biofilm as a possible source of contamination in the microbrewery environment

Maifreni, Michela; Frigo, F.; Bartolomeoli, Ingrid; Buiatti, Stefano; Picon, Simone; Marino, Marilena

doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.10.032

Cited by 55 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Tapani, 2006; Mamvura and Iyuke, 2011; Maifreni et al, 2015). Improved understanding of 91 antimicrobial tolerance is thus a prerequisite for designing more effective brewery sanitation 92…”

Section: Introduction 33mentioning

confidence: 99%

Competitive inter-species interactions underlie the increased antimicrobial tolerance in multispecies brewery biofilms

Parijs

Steenackers

2017

Preprint

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16Genetic diversity often enhances the tolerance of microbial communities against antimicrobial 17 treatment. However the sociobiology underlying this antimicrobial tolerance remains largely 18 unexplored. Here we analyze how inter-species interactions can increase antimicrobial tolerance. We 19 apply our approach to 17 industrially-relevant multispecies biofilm models, based on species isolated 20 from 58 contaminating biofilms in three breweries. Sulfathiazole is used as antimicrobial agent 21 because it shows the highest activity out of 22 biofilm inhibitors tested. Our analysis reveals that 22 competitive interactions dominate among species within brewery biofilms. We show that 23 antimicrobial treatment can reduce the level of competition and therefore cause a subset of species 24 to bloom. The result is a lower percentage inhibition of these species and increased tolerance. In 25 addition, we show that the presence of competing species can also directly enhance the inherent 26

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Section: Introduction 33mentioning

confidence: 99%

Competitive inter-species interactions underlie the increased antimicrobial tolerance in multispecies brewery biofilms

Parijs

Steenackers

2017

Preprint

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“…In the dairy industry, it is known to use a closed production system without removing or opening equipment using the CIP process. In terms of economic benefits, short cleaning procedures and long-term use of equipment in processing lines are common [65]. As a result, bacteria remain on the surface of the device and can accumulate in hard-to-reach places, such as dead ends, cracks, seals, and valves, where the complexity of cleaning and disinfection is difficult [66].…”

Section: Biofilm Resistance Of the Bacteria In A Milk Powder Processimentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconnoitering Milk Constituents of Different Species, Probing and Soliciting Factors to Its Soundness

Aqib¹,

Ijaz²,

Anjum³

et al. 2019

Milk Production, Processing and Marketing

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Milk composition and production varies from species to species, reflecting its diversified benefits on health. Lipids from caprine and ovine milk are anti-obesity and anti-atherogenic while prebiotic in the case of caprine. Higher contents of selenium from caprine and iron from camel milk play a role in immune system and oxygen transport system, respectively, whereas enriched vitamins like riboflavin, folic acid, B6, vitamin A of bovine, and foliate of cattle are effective in the synthesis of hemoglobin, and high niacin content of caprine is anti-cancerous. Camel milk is found to have characteristics of anti-carcinogenic, antidiabetic, and autoimmune therapeutic. Various processing techniques like pasteurization, skim milk powder processing, and ultra-high temperature processing are necessary for safe provision of milk to meet consumers' demand. Change in flavor, loss of micronutrients, biofilm production, and spore-forming bacteria are prominent challenges during processing. Antimicrobial resistance and disease conditions are exaggerating factors of milk deterioration with respect to quality and quantity. Preclinical trials like somatic cell count, California mastitis test, proteomic analysis, Raman spectroscopy-based analysis, and X-ray fluorescence analysis are helpful in avoiding the spread of disease and controlling of economic losses. This chapter focuses differential functions of bioactive of milk, issues arising during processing techniques, and preclinical studies of milk for safer production and consumption of milk.

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“…Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) influence biofilm consistency in mixed biofilms and can enhance biofilm formation in mixed species biofilms with yeasts . It was further possible to grow weak biofilms in MRS using L. brevis strains that were isolated from a brewery site . The media composition has a major influence on biofilm formation, as demonstrated with strains of L. rhamnosus .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beer enemy number one: genetic diversity, physiology and biofilm formation ofLactobacillus brevis

Riedl¹,

Dünzer²,

Michel³

et al. 2019

J. Inst. Brew.

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Lactobacillus brevis is the most significant beer spoilage bacteria worldwide. It is found as a contaminant at all stages of brewing, including during primary and secondary fermentation, storage, filtration and the packaging process. In production with flash pasteurisation and subsequent hygienic filling, avoiding and tracing secondary contaminations is the key to a microbiologically stable product. However, L. brevis strains vary in their spoilage potential and can grow in many different beer types. This study presents a physiological test scheme for growth potential and biofilm formation in various media. It was determined that a large number of L. brevis strains can form biofilms as a first coloniser. The identification of the species alone is therefore not enough to be sure of the spoilage risk, which shows the need for a more in depth differentiation. DNA fingerprint techniques are crucial to differentiate isolates of this species at strain level. The rep-PCR fingerprint system (GTG) 5 was used to differentiate a selected collection of 20 isolates, which were characterised in growth and biofilm formation in various media. The data showed a high variation within the selected isolates. As second step, generated fingerprint clusters of L. brevis were traced back to contamination sources in a German brewery, revealing a high number of isolates with potentially varying growth, spoilage and biofilm potential. L. brevis being the demonstrator species, the PCR system used is a powerful and compatible tracing and troubleshooting tool for all kinds of spoilage bacteria in the brewing industry.

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Bacterial biofilm as a possible source of contamination in the microbrewery environment

Cited by 55 publications

References 18 publications

Competitive inter-species interactions underlie the increased antimicrobial tolerance in multispecies brewery biofilms

Competitive inter-species interactions underlie the increased antimicrobial tolerance in multispecies brewery biofilms

Reconnoitering Milk Constituents of Different Species, Probing and Soliciting Factors to Its Soundness

Beer enemy number one: genetic diversity, physiology and biofilm formation ofLactobacillus brevis

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