Bacterial biotransformation of phenylpropanoid compounds for producing flavor and fragrance compounds

Abstract

Phenylpropanoids are common aromatic compounds synthesized by plants that are often used as starting compounds for the production of various flavor and fragrance compounds. The use of bacterial metabolism as a means to produce valueadded compounds from natural resources has been given much attention as an alternative method to replace conventional chemical syntheses. This review describes bacterial metabolisms of the phenylpropanoid compounds trans-anethole, isoeugenol, and isosafrole to better understand efficient production of natural fragrance and other value-added compounds. Keywords biomass • biotransformation • isoeugenol • phenylpropanoid • trans-anethole • vanillin D. Han and J.-Y. Ryu contributed equally.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Enhancement of the catalytic activity of ferulic acid decarboxylase from Enterobacter sp. Px6-4 through random and site-directed mutagenesis

“…Ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid are the major phenolic acid compounds of lignin monomers in plants (Mathew and Abraham 2004;Mathew and Abraham 2006) and can be modified into other useful and valuable chemical synthons (Han et al 2013;Seo et al 2011), i.e., styrene derivatives such as 4vinylphenol and 4-vinylguaiacol as well as flavor and fragrance agents such as vanillin and protocatechuic acid (Huang et al 1993;Rosazza et al 1995). In fact, water-soluble oxygenated polystyrenes made of 4-vinylphenol and 4vinylguaiacol are ecofriendly biodegradable materials because they have greater mechanical strength than other polymers (Hatakeyama et al 1977;Iwabuchi et al 1983).…”

Isomerization of Allylbenzenes

“…Scientific investigation concerning biotransformation of naturally occurring, and thus potentially renewable, feedstock has become an active area of research. Of particular relevance to this Review are recent publications on the value of eugenol 5 , isoeugenol 18 , and related compounds in this regard. , In addition, the list of microorganisms able to biotransform these substrates is increasing, due to new discoveries being made. − Our deeper knowledge and understanding of the workings concerning the genes found in these organisms responsible for these valuable natural reactions will undoubtedly drastically increase over time. − With this as current background, we are quite convinced that a new area of innovative research that will impact the application of isomerization transformations will emanate from research into microorganism-mediated biotransformations.…”

“…Of particular relevance to this Review are recent publications on the value of eugenol 5, isoeugenol 18, and related compounds in this regard. 887,888 In addition, the list of microorganisms able to biotransform these substrates is increasing, due to new discoveries being made. 889−892 Our deeper knowledge and understanding of the workings concerning the genes found in these organisms responsible for these valuable natural reactions will undoubtedly drastically increase over time.…”

Polyphenols and Small Phenolic Acids as Cellular Metabolic Regulators

“…Thus, eugenol is a very interesting SPM, with diverse biological activities and very effective natural compound. Moreover, eugenol can biotransformed to many compounds such as vanillin through coniferyl alcohol and ferulic acid [ 53 ]. Furthermore, cinnamon promotes several bacterial species including kkermansia , Bacteroides , Clostridium III , Psychrobacter [ 54 ].…”